Comment: The following review of the scientific literature on wearing surgical and other facemasks as a means of preventing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and thus preventing contraction of 'Covid-19' was published a month ago. And absent some miraculous suspension of decades of hard science on the transmission of viruses, it's settled...
Abstract
Masks and respirators do not work. There have been extensive randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies, and meta-analysis reviews of RCT studies, which all show that masks and respirators do not work to prevent respiratory influenza-like illnesses, or respiratory illnesses believed to be transmitted by droplets and aerosol particles.
Furthermore, the relevant known physics and biology, which I review, are such that masks and respirators should not work. It would be a paradox if masks and respirators worked, given what we know about viral respiratory diseases: The main transmission path is long-residence-time aerosol particles (< 2.5 μm), which are too fine to be blocked, and the minimum-infective-dose is smaller than one aerosol particle.
The present paper about masks illustrates the degree to which governments, the mainstream media, and institutional propagandists can decide to operate in a science vacuum, or select only incomplete science that serves their interests. Such recklessness is also certainly the case with the current global lockdown of over 1 billion people, an unprecedented experiment in medical and political history.
Review of the Medical Literature
Here are key anchor points to the extensive scientific literature that establishes that wearing surgical masks and respirators (e.g., "N95") does not reduce the risk of contracting a verified illness:
- Jacobs, J. L. et al. (2009) "Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: A randomized controlled trial", American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 37, Issue 5, 417 - 419.
N95-masked health-care workers (HCW) were significantly more likely to experience headaches. Face mask use in HCW was not demonstrated to provide benefit in terms of cold symptoms or getting colds.
- Cowling, B. et al. (2010) "Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: A systematic review", Epidemiology and Infection, 138(4), 449-456. doi:10.1017/S0950268809991658
None of the studies reviewed showed a benefit from wearing a mask, in either HCW or community members in households (H). See summary Tables 1 and 2 therein.
- bin-Reza et al. (2012) "The use of masks and respirators to prevent transmission of influenza: a systematic review of the scientific evidence", Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(4), 257-267.
"There were 17 eligible studies. [...] None of the studies established a conclusive relationship between mask ⁄ respirator use and protection against influenza infection."
- Smith, J.D. et al. (2016) "Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting health care workers from acute respiratory infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis", CMAJ Mar 2016, cmaj.150835; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.150835
"We identified 6 clinical studies ... In the meta-analysis of the clinical studies, we found no significant difference between N95 respirators and surgical masks in associated risk of (a) laboratory-confirmed respiratory infection, (b) influenza-like illness, or (c) reported work-place absenteeism."
- Offeddu, V. et al. (2017) "Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 11, 1 December 2017, Pages 1934-1942, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix681
"Self-reported assessment of clinical outcomes was prone to bias. Evidence of a protective effect of masks or respirators against verified respiratory infection (VRI) was not statistically significant"; as per Fig. 2c therein:
- Radonovich, L.J. et al. (2019) "N95 Respirators vs Medical Masks for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Personnel: A Randomized Clinical Trial", JAMA. 2019; 322(9): 824-833. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.11645
"Among 2862 randomized participants, 2371 completed the study and accounted for 5180 HCW-seasons. ... Among outpatient health care personnel, N95 respirators vs medical masks as worn by participants in this trial resulted in no significant difference in the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza."
- Long, Y. et al. (2020) "Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic review and meta-analysis", J Evid Based Med. 2020; 1- 9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.12381
"A total of six RCTs involving 9 171 participants were included. There were no statistically significant differences in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza, laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral infections, laboratory-confirmed respiratory infection and influenza-like illness using N95 respirators and surgical masks. Meta-analysis indicated a protective effect of N95 respirators against laboratory-confirmed bacterial colonization (RR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.43-0.78). The use of N95 respirators compared with surgical masks is not associated with a lower risk of laboratory-confirmed influenza."Conclusion regarding masks that do not work
No RCT study with verified outcome shows a benefit for HCW or community members in households to wearing a mask or respirator. There is no such study. There are no exceptions. Likewise, no study exists that shows a benefit from a broad policy to wear masks in public (more on this below).
Furthermore, if there were any benefit to wearing a mask, because of the blocking power against droplets and aerosol particles, then there should be more benefit from wearing a respirator (N95) compared to a surgical mask, yet several large meta-analyses, and all the RCT, prove that there is no such relative benefit. Masks and respirators do not work.
Precautionary Principle turned on its head with masks
In light of the medical research, therefore, it is difficult to understand why public-health authorities are not consistently adamant about this established scientific result, since the distributed psychological, economic and environmental harm from a broad recommendation to wear masks is significant, not to mention the unknown potential harm from concentration and distribution of pathogens on and from used masks.
In this case, public authorities would be turning the precautionary principle on its head (see below).
Physics and Biology of Viral Respiratory Disease, and why masks do not work
In order to understand why masks cannot possibly work, we must review established knowledge about viral respiratory diseases, the mechanism of seasonal variation of excess deaths from pneumonia and influenza, the aerosol mechanism of infectious disease transmission, the physics and chemistry of aerosols, and the mechanism of the so-called minimum-infective-dose.
In addition to pandemics that can occur anytime, in the temperate latitudes there is an extra burden of respiratory-disease mortality that is seasonal, and which is caused by viruses. For example, see the review of influenza by Paules and Subbarao (2017). This has been known for a long time, and the seasonal pattern is exceedingly regular.
For example, see Figure 1 of Viboud (2010), which has "Weekly time series of the ratio of deaths from pneumonia and influenza to all deaths, based on the 122 cities surveillance in the US (blue line). The red line represents the expected baseline ratio in the absence of influenza activity," here: The seasonality of the phenomenon was largely not understood until a decade ago. Until recently, it was debated whether the pattern arose primarily because of seasonal change in virulence of the pathogens, or because of seasonal change in susceptibility of the host (such as from dry air causing tissue irritation, or diminished daylight causing vitamin deficiency or hormonal stress). For example, see Dowell (2001).
In a landmark study, Shaman et al. (2010) showed that the seasonal pattern of extra respiratory-disease mortality can be explained quantitatively on the sole basis of absolute humidity, and its direct controlling impact on transmission of airborne pathogens.
Lowen et al. (2007) demonstrated the phenomenon of humidity-dependent airborne-virus virulence in actual disease transmission between guinea pigs, and discussed potential underlying mechanisms for the measured controlling effect of humidity.
The underlying mechanism is that the pathogen-laden aerosol particles or droplets are neutralized within a half-life that monotonically and significantly decreases with increasing ambient humidity. This is based on the seminal work of Harper (1961). Harper experimentally showed that viral-pathogen-carrying droplets were inactivated within shorter and shorter times, as ambient humidity was increased.
Harper argued that the viruses themselves were made inoperative by the humidity ("viable decay"), however, he admitted that the effect could be from humidity-enhanced physical removal or sedimentation of the droplets ("physical loss"): "Aerosol viabilities reported in this paper are based on the ratio of virus titre to radioactive count in suspension and cloud samples, and can be criticized on the ground that test and tracer materials were not physically identical."
The latter ("physical loss") seems more plausible to me, since humidity would have a universal physical effect of causing particle / droplet growth and sedimentation, and all tested viral pathogens have essentially the same humidity-driven "decay". Furthermore, it is difficult to understand how a virion (of all virus types) in a droplet would be molecularly or structurally attacked or damaged by an increase in ambient humidity. A "virion" is the complete, infective form of a virus outside a host cell, with a core of RNA or DNA and a capsid. The actual mechanism of such humidity-driven intra-droplet "viable decay" of a virion has not been explained or studied.
In any case, the explanation and model of Shaman et al. (2010) is not dependant on the particular mechanism of the humidity-driven decay of virions in aerosol / droplets. Shaman's quantitatively demonstrated model of seasonal regional viral epidemiology is valid for either mechanism (or combination of mechanisms), whether "viable decay" or "physical loss".
The breakthrough achieved by Shaman et al. is not merely some academic point. Rather, it has profound health-policy implications, which have been entirely ignored or overlooked in the current coronavirus pandemic.
In particular, Shaman's work necessarily implies that, rather than being a fixed number (dependent solely on the spatial-temporal structure of social interactions in a completely susceptible population, and on the viral strain), the epidemic's basic reproduction number (R0) is highly or predominantly dependent on ambient absolute humidity.
For a definition of R0, see HealthKnowlege-UK (2020): R0 is "the average number of secondary infections produced by a typical case of an infection in a population where everyone is susceptible." The average R0 for influenza is said to be 1.28 (1.19-1.37); see the comprehensive review by Biggerstaff et al. (2014).
In fact, Shaman et al. showed that R0 must be understood to seasonally vary between humid-summer values of just larger than "1" and dry-winter values typically as large as "4" (for example, see their Table 2). In other words, the seasonal infectious viral respiratory diseases that plague temperate latitudes every year go from being intrinsically mildly contagious to virulently contagious, due simply to the bio-physical mode of transmission controlled by atmospheric humidity, irrespective of any other consideration.
Therefore, all the epidemiological mathematical modelling of the benefits of mediating policies (such as social distancing), which assumes humidity-independent R0 values, has a large likelihood of being of little value, on this basis alone. For studies about modelling and regarding mediation effects on the effective reproduction number, see Coburn (2009) and Tracht (2010).
To put it simply, the "second wave" of an epidemic is not a consequence of human sin regarding mask wearing and hand shaking. Rather, the "second wave" is an inescapable consequence of an air-dryness-driven many-fold increase in disease contagiousness, in a population that has not yet attained immunity.
If my view of the mechanism is correct (i.e., "physical loss"), then Shaman's work further necessarily implies that the dryness-driven high transmissibility (large R0) arises from small aerosol particles fluidly suspended in the air; as opposed to large droplets that are quickly gravitationally removed from the air.
Such small aerosol particles fluidly suspended in air, of biological origin, are of every variety and are everywhere, including down to virion-sizes (Despres, 2012). It is not entirely unlikely that viruses can thereby be physically transported over inter-continental distances (e.g., Hammond, 1989).
More to the point, indoor airborne virus concentrations have been shown to exist (in day-care facilities, health centres, and onboard airplanes) primarily as aerosol particles of diameters smaller than 2.5 μm, such as in the work of Yang et al. (2011):
"Half of the 16 samples were positive, and their total virus concentrations ranged from 5800 to 37 000 genome copies m−3. On average, 64 per cent of the viral genome copies were associated with fine particles smaller than 2.5 µm, which can remain suspended for hours. Modelling of virus concentrations indoors suggested a source strength of 1.6 ± 1.2 × 105 genome copies m−3 air h−1 and a deposition flux onto surfaces of 13 ± 7 genome copies m−2 h−1 by Brownian motion. Over 1 hour, the inhalation dose was estimated to be 30 ± 18 median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50), adequate to induce infection. These results provide quantitative support for the idea that the aerosol route could be an important mode of influenza transmission."Such small particles (< 2.5 μm) are part of air fluidity, are not subject to gravitational sedimentation, and would not be stopped by long-range inertial impact. This means that the slightest (even momentary) facial misfit of a mask or respirator renders the design filtration norm of the mask or respirator entirely irrelevant. In any case, the filtration material itself of N95 (average pore size ~0.3−0.5 μm) does not block virion penetration, not to mention surgical masks. For example, see Balazy et al. (2006).
Mask stoppage efficiency and host inhalation are only half of the equation, however, because the minimal infective dose (MID) must also be considered. For example, if a large number of pathogen-laden particles must be delivered to the lung within a certain time for the illness to take hold, then partial blocking by any mask or cloth can be enough to make a significant difference.
On the other hand, if the MID is amply surpassed by the virions carried in a single aerosol particle able to evade mask-capture, then the mask is of no practical utility, which is the case.
Yezli and Otter (2011), in their review of the MID, point out relevant features:
- most respiratory viruses are as infective in humans as in tissue culture having optimal laboratory susceptibility
- it is believed that a single virion can be enough to induce illness in the host
- the 50%-probability MID ("TCID50") has variably been found to be in the range 100−1000 virions
- there are typically 103−107 virions per aerolized influenza droplet with diameter 1 μm − 10 μm
- the 50%-probability MID easily fits into a single (one) aerolized droplet
- A classic description of dose-response assessment is provided by Haas (1993).
- Zwart et al. (2009) provided the first laboratory proof, in a virus-insect system, that the action of a single virion can be sufficient to cause disease.
- Baccam et al. (2006) calculated from empirical data that, with influenza A in humans, "we estimate that after a delay of ~6 h, infected cells begin producing influenza virus and continue to do so for ~5 h. The average lifetime of infected cells is ~11 h, and the half-life of free infectious virus is ~3 h. We calculated the [in-body] basic reproductive number, R0, which indicated that a single infected cell could produce ~22 new productive infections."
- Brooke et al. (2013) showed that, contrary to prior modeling assumptions, although not all influenza-A-infected cells in the human body produce infectious progeny (virions), nonetheless, 90% of infected cell are significantly impacted, rather than simply surviving unharmed.
Therefore, the studies that show partial stopping power of masks, or that show that masks can capture many large droplets produced by a sneezing or coughing mask-wearer, in light of the above-described features of the problem, are irrelevant. For example, see such studies as these: Leung (2020), Davies (2013), Lai (2012), and Sande (2008).
Why there can never be an empirical test of a nationwide mask-wearing policy
As mentioned above, no study exists that shows a benefit from a broad policy to wear masks in public. There is good reason for this. It would be impossible to obtain unambiguous and bias-free results:
- Any benefit from mask-wearing would have to be a small effect, since undetected in controlled experiments, which would be swamped by the larger effects, notably the large effect from changing atmospheric humidity.
- Mask compliance and mask adjustment habits would be unknown.
- Mask-wearing is associated (correlated) with several other health behaviours; see Wada (2012).
- The results would not be transferable, because of differing cultural habits.
- Compliance is achieved by fear, and individuals can habituate to fear-based propaganda, and can have disparate basic responses.
- Monitoring and compliance measurement are near-impossible, and subject to large errors.
- Self-reporting (such as in surveys) is notoriously biased, because individuals have the self-interested belief that their efforts are useful.
- Progression of the epidemic is not verified with reliable tests on large population samples, and generally relies on non-representative hospital visits or admissions.
- Several different pathogens (viruses and strains of viruses) causing respiratory illness generally act together, in the same population and/or in individuals, and are not resolved, while having different epidemiological characteristics.
Many potential harms may arise from broad public policies to wear masks, and the following unanswered questions arise:
- Do used and loaded masks become sources of enhanced transmission, for the wearer and others?
- Do masks become collectors and retainers of pathogens that the mask wearer would otherwise avoid when breathing without a mask?
- Are large droplets captured by a mask atomized or aerolized into breathable components? Can virions escape an evaporating droplet stuck to a mask fiber?
- What are the dangers of bacterial growth on a used and loaded mask?
- How do pathogen-laden droplets interact with environmental dust and aerosols captured on the mask?
- What are long-term health effects on HCW, such as headaches, arising from impeded breathing?
- Are there negative social consequences to a masked society?
- Are there negative psychological consequences to wearing a mask, as a fear-based behavioural modification?
- What are the environmental consequences of mask manufacturing and disposal?
- Do the masks shed fibres or substances that are harmful when inhaled?
By making mask-wearing recommendations and policies for the general public, or by expressly condoning the practice, governments have both ignored the scientific evidence and done the opposite of following the precautionary principle.
In an absence of knowledge, governments should not make policies that have a hypothetical potential to cause harm. The government has an onus barrier before it instigates a broad social-engineering intervention, or allows corporations to exploit fear-based sentiments.
Furthermore, individuals should know that there is no known benefit arising from wearing a mask in a viral respiratory illness epidemic, and that scientific studies have shown that any benefit must be residually small, compared to other and determinative factors.
Otherwise, what is the point of publicly-funded science?
The present paper about masks illustrates the degree to which governments, the mainstream media, and institutional propagandists can decide to operate in a science vacuum, or select only incomplete science that serves their interests. Such recklessness is also certainly the case with the current global lockdown of over 1 billion people, an unprecedented experiment in medical and political history.
Endnotes
- Baccam, P. et al. (2006) "Kinetics of Influenza A Virus Infection in Humans", Journal of Virology Jul 2006, 80 (15) 7590-7599; DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01623-05
- Balazy et al. (2006) "Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks?", American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 34, Issue 2, March 2006, Pages 51-57. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2005.08.018
- Biggerstaff, M. et al. (2014) "Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature", BMC Infect Dis 14, 480 (2014).
- Brooke, C. B. et al. (2013) "Most Influenza A Virions Fail To Express at Least One Essential Viral Protein", Journal of Virology Feb 2013, 87 (6) 3155-3162; DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02284-12
- Coburn, B. J. et al. (2009) "Modeling influenza epidemics and pandemics: insights into the future of swine flu (H1N1)", BMC Med 7, 30.
- Davies, A. et al. (2013) "Testing the Efficacy of Homemade Masks: Would They Protect in an Influenza Pandemic?", Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Available on CJO 2013 doi:10.1017/dmp.2013.43
- Despres, V. R. et al. (2012) "Primary biological aerosol particles in the atmosphere: a review", Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 64:1, 15598, DOI: 10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.15598
- Dowell, S. F. (2001) "Seasonal variation in host susceptibility and cycles of certain infectious diseases", Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7(3):369-374. doi:10.3201/eid0703.010301
- Hammond, G. W. et al. (1989) "Impact of Atmospheric Dispersion and Transport of Viral Aerosols on the Epidemiology of Influenza", Reviews of Infectious Diseases, Volume 11, Issue 3, May 1989, Pages 494-497,
- Haas, C.N. et al. (1993) "Risk Assessment of Virus in Drinking Water", Risk Analysis, 13: 545-552. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb00013.x
- HealthKnowlege-UK (2020) "Charter 1a - Epidemiology: Epidemic theory (effective & basic reproduction numbers, epidemic thresholds) & techniques for analysis of infectious disease data (construction & use of epidemic curves, generation numbers, exceptional reporting & identification of significant clusters)", HealthKnowledge.org.uk, accessed on 2020-04-10.
- Lai, A. C. K. et al. (2012) "Effectiveness of facemasks to reduce exposure hazards for airborne infections among general populations", J. R. Soc. Interface. 9938-948
- Leung, N.H.L. et al. (2020) "Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks", Nature Medicine (2020).
- Lowen, A. C. et al. (2007) "Influenza Virus Transmission Is Dependent on Relative Humidity and Temperature", PLoS Pathog 3(10): e151.
- Paules, C. and Subbarao, S. (2017) "Influenza", Lancet, Seminar| Volume 390, ISSUE 10095, P697-708, August 12, 2017.
- Sande, van der, M. et al. (2008) "Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population", PLoS ONE 3(7): e2618. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002618 Shaman, J. et al. (2010) "Absolute Humidity and the Seasonal Onset of Influenza in the Continental United States", PLoS Biol 8(2): e1000316. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000316
- Tracht, S. M. et al. (2010) "Mathematical Modeling of the Effectiveness of Facemasks in Reducing the Spread of Novel Influenza A (H1N1)", PLoS ONE 5(2): e9018. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009018
- Viboud C. et al. (2010) "Preliminary Estimates of Mortality and Years of Life Lost Associated with the 2009 A/H1N1 Pandemic in the US and Comparison with Past Influenza Seasons", PLoS Curr. 2010; 2:RRN1153. Published 2010 Mar 20. doi:10.1371/currents.rrn1153
- Wada, K. et al. (2012) "Wearing face masks in public during the influenza season may reflect other positive hygiene practices in Japan", BMC Public Health 12, 1065 (2012).
- Yang, W. et al. (2011) "Concentrations and size distributions of airborne influenza A viruses measured indoors at a health centre, a day-care centre and on aeroplanes", Journal of the Royal Society, Interface. 2011 Aug;8(61):1176-1184. DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2010.0686.
- Yezli, S., Otter, J.A. (2011) "Minimum Infective Dose of the Major Human Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Transmitted Through Food and the Environment", Food Environ Virol 3, 1-30.
- Zwart, M. P. et al. (2009) "An experimental test of the independent action hypothesis in virus-insect pathosystems", Proc. R. Soc. B. 2762233-2242
About the author
Dr. Dennis Rancourt is Ph.D from University of Toronto (1984), and is a former professor of physics at the University of Ottawa.
Reader Comments
With the lock down they are very few survivors as most people have not even had any contact with this mild, first wave
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SOTT Focus:Coronavirus Expert in Leaked Analysis: 'This is Just a Severe, Localized Common Cold'
Comment: Everyone can stop freaking out now... With the death toll climbing each day, fear and uncertainty have spread farther and farther around the globe as coronavirus continues to captivate...have you seen anyone walking alone outside wearing a mask?
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The mind-focus in particulates, as physical communicability of forces and distances, impacts or physical interactions, is 'old physics'.
The mind-opening to resonant fields, or domains as synchronous symbiotic self-organisation within a 'Non local' Field of Infinite potentials - is RE-MEMBERING.
The reaction of the de-fenced, or walled off mind of oppositional charge relations, is the maintaining of a gesture of self differentiation as a masking narrative or self-referencing feedback that became opaque rather than transparent augmentation and so substituted a virtual or modelled 'reality' for a direct relational participance. Felt or known 'life' as the unfolding relational patternings as direct awareness of existence
The electromagnetic properties of our cells, body, atmosphere, world and Solar system - etc are far more intricate, and complex a field of energy, information, and organising principle than a human thought system can begin to account for - not least because it operates as a symptomatic effect or representation of its nested field relations - which are as I suggested of infinite potentials in every specific expression.
Cargo-cultism is where a form of association for a past sense of support or self is mimicked and enacted with emotional fervour or coercive and manipulative intent, as attempt to 'bring back the gods' or forfend the sense of catastrophic or systemic loss of self - that has become invested in such 'modes of control' in place of an actual symbiotic or synchronous presence.
Releasing the dead is properly the incorporation of all that was truly lived to the consciousness of connecion and relation NOW - as one with movement of being - felt and known as the gift of life to the Living. Alignment within the gift of Life.
The power of belief is where it is reacted to as unquestionably real. The ability to Feel and Know the Life that is movement through you, is the reference point from which to evaluate the resonance and relevance of anything to who you are the unique signature vibration of. Insofar as we align true, we may serve the same in others and know that we are not alone.Insofar as we lock down and mask in structures of isolation seeking lockstep realities of control, we live the predicate of a separation that never can become true, and so never can rest or share in the peace of a true relational appreciation for being. It has no true currency - except what we give it, to get from, for a self apart.
Epidemiology reveals mask wearing by the public is crucial for COVID-19 control: [Link]
Same research.net source.
Who are we supposed to believe? The Chinese studies which are more recent and have citations up the wazoo like the article above? Or the article in question?
Sham covers over shame or sense of inadequacy.
Why not align in being who you are instead of in the suggested or coercively projected beliefs of others?Then you can uncover and revise beliefs that don't belong to you, or lock you down and mask the truth.
Science needs to be a cooperative venture and yet there needs to more than one viewpoint--it cannot be closed--there should be competition and urgency, as well. This needs to be manifested.
So let us have Team Science A and Team Science B. This should be ideal. Two coalitions, two parties, two groups, opposed in many ways and yet together in both spirit and soul, the spirit and soul of science! Research and study! Improved life!
Team Science A says: 'We must create more tumors, so we have more to study and then we can get more funding from our masters and all shall ive a better life.'
Team Science B says: 'We must create more rumors, so we have more to study and then we can get more funding from our masters and all shall live a better life.'
There you have it. Should any science arise that is not team oriented (team A or B) and dedicated to replication and rigorous study of 'replicatory events', as well as being both fully cooperative and fully competitive., at all times, it shall receive no funding from our masters at all. How could THAT be science? No test tubes, no labs, no computers?
Our rich masters know best.
Ye cannot have science without funding, support, and plenty of material and gossip (A LOT) to work with.
And science is not political, either.
ned, out
p .s. Dedicated again, to all the lab animals. And no, I don't particularly like rats or mice. But I like them a lot better than rich greedy soulless fuckers, who shut down living in favor of controlling. And there are A LOT of them...
The lack of intelligent discourse is palpable.
Our nation is a cultural disaster.
I must admit, I find people bashing to be the lowest form of intelligent 'speak', almost palpable - and I am surprised your comment hasn't been removed for this reason. It actually removes the opportunity for intelligent discourse.
I won't tolerate it so if you have something positive to add to this string, please proceed, otherwise, you know where to go.
SARCASM
have you posted something intelligent?
I doubt even Jean Valjean could have done it.
What's your secret?
R.C.
P.s., Your post was 5 minutes ago. I AM so much looking forward to your bitching.
RC
RC
Coronavirus fact-check #5: Infection-fatality ratio update
We covered in our third of these brief articles that, actually, the Coronavirus is NOT "20x deadlier" than the flu. That was evident once the early large-scale studies had been done in Germany,..."Ravenous rats await restaurant-goers after 2 months of food deprivation, CDC warns
But that was so April.Now they’re coming for us."
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This exercise seems like it would be highly beneficial towards showing how things actually work and might also go further toward explaining why different regions seemed to be affected in different ways. Maybe South Korea did so well because it's relatively more humid there than some of the other countries? I don't know, someone would have to crunch the numbers.
And I know there is readily available meteorological data available for most if not all regions... so... put the two together and see what comes up. Maybe the numbers are too corrupted to be useful or the "definitions" too absent, as you say, but you never know. Maybe a very clear picture would emerge based on the ideas in this article. Seems weird not to at least try.
Likewise, the 'tests' do not/cannot analyze if someone is being overwhelmed by CV19(84) or RABIES!
Also, CV19(84) has NEVER BEEN IDENTIFIED.
Without valid identifications, supposed 'science' can NEVER BE SUCH!
R.C.
*Back Flow Media, aka, MSM.
RC
If we got results about what you're suggesting that would imply higher humidity has a certain effect, we'd never know if it's a real result or a random consequence of random counting errors, so it could end up being quite misleading. It would be interesting if we had any solid data to put in, but we really don't.
In the end, I think covid is a non-issue. It'll calm down within a year or two and once we start having real problems, everyone will forget about covid anyway. And this whole propagandemic wasn't about a virus but about control.
But this whole circus is only starting. There will be other viruses, comets, weird weather, etc. The economy is unfixable because it's been a ponzi scheme all along, so that will keep going down the drain. The push for a totalitarian nightmare with mandatory vaccines, microchips, and all the other crap is obvious. But at some point, when people have suffered enough, they will get pissed off and start fighting back. It's gonna be chaos for sure.
And you can bet there will be other surprises. So you're right about where things are going. It's just that the virus is irrelevant and not needed for this to continue.
There's little point in releasing a killer virus until one has perfected the distribution mechanism ...the mass slaughter of older people is useful for tracking the progress and those pension funds needed relief anyway
I'm just amazed at the number of people waving away the complaints about the lock down etc as this is only a "once in a lifetime" experience.
Precedent - event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.
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Strange days have found us.
We're lost in this masquerade.
They often face cover to varying degrees (the hijab, niqab and burka).
You rely upon ancient science: nearly all of the "studies" cited are decades old and you confuse observations with conclusions. There are numerous scientific studies that have been conducted by dozens of established researchers at leading institutions that you conveniently fail to mention. Clearly, you have a very promounced political agenda and have no interest in representing the scientific evidence.
I just conducted an exhaustive study of COVID-19, its transmission and face mask efficacy...it's 75 pages and has 176 cited resources. Face masks have the ability to be enormously important and effective, not just in reducing community spread but also by helping to protect the wearer. I provide all of the recent, scientific evidence to support this.
As a result of conducting the study, as a way to finance our research activities, we commissioned the production of a new type of face mask that we designed: it provides a meaningful degree of protection for the wearer. Not just a simple barrier, it employs two means by which to inactivate pathogenic microbes of all types...with fabric made with a safe yet highly-effective chemical antimicrobial and a triboelectric air filter. in the form of a silk-ciffon inner layer The design is based, in part, on recent academic studies published by researchers from the Argonne National Laboratory, the University of Chicago, Harvard, MIT and other authoratative sources.
Readers can download the study, and learn more about this new type of face mask at [Link]
He/She knows that they can't approach nor talk to most others - the risks of what an irate PC SJW can do to one's life is simply far too high.
RC
Our MOM threw us into our rooms n closets in March for a THINK-ABOUT and since we re still yakking n not walking -- she slaps us on our mouthpiece so we get time-out for a SHUT-UP-ABOUT.
Human is creator-being - and can put the mind to serve its own lockdown distancing and masking as an attempt to NOT know or hide feared truth as a 'physicalised' externalisation.
By assigning Creative to external false flags, we divert attention and awareness from the act of doing so.
A poor workman blames his tool, and a poor choice of means to resolve conflicts, creates tools or thinking, that not only repackages 'blame' but becomes identified with and as its tool. So a mask of 'thinking' operates in place of the Divine Child You Are, and shall always Be.
There term 'species' was adapted from the Greek Ideal.
Ways of structuring and evaluating perception set up an operating system.
Within the parameters of the modelling is the vicarious experience of our thought given power - even as groupthink given acceptance to run as a matrix of substitution for living truth - that remains unshared and thus concealed from our awareness while we persist as identity set in hiding.
But WHO told you you were naked? said the Lord?
The cultivation of human self-hating under the groupthink of a blame redistribution system is 'narrative control' or masking dictate. As our fears and denials are revealed, we are 'triggered' by re-enacting Separation Trauma.
Is there another way of resolving self-conflicting contradictions than an attempt to conceal them while flagging them to others and world and attacking them there as if to claim some 'right' from another's wrong?
Stupid is the persistence of futility as if THIS time will be different.
Ingenuity is the means to cast this out as a personal sense of survival set against fear of pain of loss in death.
Both work the illusion together as a protected ignorance.
Creative thought is whole and of a wholeness.
It joins us with All That Is, and so is banished from the mind that thinks it thinks alone.
Sharing being, is a giving and receiving as one.
The getting of being, set in a frame of lack, deprivation and denial, is life taken from another's loss or death.
The horror of such a self set in hate and guilt is its own hell. Stupid sets the mind away from facing the intolerable - so as to make you safe in a hidden matrix of conflict and denial.
Sleeping Beauty was awakened from the spell cast by exclusive protection, by true love.
Anything else meets an impenetrable thorny defence.
Yes binra!!
Attempting to conceal is futile.
(Such a magnificent flow of ONE thought throughout as always binra )
You know that is long for me
I try to read everyone's comments (some more than others - yours always) and I like to think I'm a fast reader, but your thoughts involve extra contemplation that I'm always happy to spend.
Thanks!
RC
I don't really 'hang out' so much as ask in the heart and live what comes as answer in the heart, which is not really about me or you, so much as the themes we are living the unfolding of as our lives - along with a cast of billions, moved by a greater love, but obscured by complex masking mind of fears.
The belief we can hide from truth and the belief we would WANT to even if we could, are both active in the mind that thinks it can and has done so, and BECOME a something ELSE.
I am as God created me - whether my mind aligns acceptance or asserts its own Covert narrative ID.
Rumi
remember that chick with an avatar of a flying cat? whose name had something to do with the dripping body fluid of dead people?
did I run her off?
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either way, this idea is kind of creepy...
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The extremes of what I just watched from pzv and your link🤦♀️😂🤦♀️
[Link] self-confidence of the warrior is not the self-confidence of the average man. The average man seeks certainty in the eyes of the onlooker and calls that self-confidence. The warrior seeks impeccability in his own eyes and calls that humbleness. The average man is hooked to his fellow men, while the warrior is hooked only to infinity.
Carlos Castaneda
Brilliant Sleep Technique GO TO 7 min mark
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Look
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^from pzv
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Pour toi 🌹❤️💋
hehehe
Our French Québecers (residents) are calling in our National Army. 🥳🎯🥳
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It was good to see Australia’s Ricardo Bosi on Infowars with Alex Jones. I could really feel that humanity is becoming one united family.
Alex Jones interviews Ricardo Bosi
... one united family with the leftovers; has been, toujours .
I trust it finally becomes crystal clear.
Opression is a tremendous motivator.
Québec Hospital Staff vax-forced were told this morning,
Meanwhile, what a outrageously stupid article!!
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BUT let's vax more kidsss
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At least adults can take responsibility for their own decisions informed or not. But children are another story: it is the responsibility of every adult to do everything possible to stop vaccines for children for a so-called disease that is of no risk to them.
Care for thyself, ADieu belong the rest.
Happy SNUGGLES ma Soeur... I was going to say ... it is late little one
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RC
RC. We do not have any rights enshrined in our constitution like the US.