Puppet MastersS


Star of David

Separate and unequal: Israel uses legal tricks to segregate its own citizens inside the Green Line

Israeli soldiers attack demonatration
© Nedal Eshtayah/Anadolu AgencyIsraeli forces attack Palestinians during a demonstration against the construction of Jewish settlements in Nablus, West Bank on 25 August 2017
The pending demolitions of Khan Al-Ahmar and Susiya, two Palestinian communities in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, along with the forced expulsion of their inhabitants, have been attracting international concern and protests.

Similarly, the recent eviction of a Palestinian family to make way for Jewish settlers in Sheikh Jarrah, a neighbourhood in occupied East Jerusalem, prompted widespread condemnation (though, of course, no practical steps of censure or sanction).

In all three cases, the Israeli authorities and settlers deploy a variety of legal tools to dress up displacement and colonisation as merely "respect for the law" and "due process".

But while such policies in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) have been widely denounced, even by the state's allies, there is a profound lack of awareness about how Israel segregates its Jewish and non-Jewish citizens, inside the Green Line - and the mechanisms used to do so.

A recent episode, one which barely registered any media coverage, offers an opportunity to understand how Israel's institutionalised discrimination relates to land and housing rights.

Comment: The current state of affairs rests on a long line of discriminatory laws enacted by Israel. Here is the full list dating even from before the "founding" of Israel.
2006-Present

26 September 2017: Illegal Israeli settlers call for the Israeli government to enact harsher punishments on the families of Palestinian prisoners through 'deny citizenship' and 'carry out more house demolitions'

26 September 2017: Israeli MK Amir Ohana proposes a bill which would 'expand the interior minister's authority to revoke permanent residence status for security reasons' in an effort to 'circumvent' controversial court rulings against revoking residency of Arabs in Jerusalem

11 September 2017: Israel begins construction of its first new illegal settlement in the occupied West Bank. The new settlement, known as Amichai, is being built to house about 300 hardline residents of the illegal West Bank Jewish outpost of Amona. The Cabinet allocated $16 million for its construction

11 September 2017: Israeli authorities are making it increasingly difficult for Palestinians' foreign spouses to stay in the occupied West Bank, reducing the length of the validity of visas, the process for obtaining permanent residency has been frozen

2017:
Israel announces plans to limit the travel of those arriving in Ben-Gurion airport to the Palestinian Occupied Territories.

Israel begins plans to pass a law that will ban the Muslim call for prayer on loudspeakers between 23:00 and 07:00.

Stop-and-Frisk Law - Amendment: The new law allows police to stop and frisk people in case of a reasonable suspicion that he or she is about to commit a violent act. The law was passed amid the recent wave of violence.

Anti-Terror (Counter-Terrorism) Law: This contains broad and vague definitions of terrorism and terrorist organisations often exploited by law enforcement authorities to criminalise legitimate actions of Palestinian citizens of Israel and Palestinian residents of the Occupied Territories.

Expulsion of MKs Law - Amendment: The bill allows for the Israeli Jewish majority in the Knesset to further delegitimise and marginalise the elected political representatives of the Palestinian minority in Israel and to oust Arab MKs and political lists on the basis of purely political and ideological considerations.
2016:
NGO "Funding Transparency" Law: This requires NGOs that receive 50 per cent or more of their funding from foreign governments to make it clear in every instance. Organisations that express views critical to the government's policies, particularly those policies which discriminate against or otherwise harm Palestinians in the Occupied Territories, are the main targets of this law.

Mandatory minimum sentences for convicted stone-throwers - Amendment: A mandatory minimum prison sentence on a convicted stone-thrower or similar acts is set at "one-fifth of the maximum sentence" which equates to either two or four years.

Revoking child allowances from parents of children convicted of security offences: This removes child allowances for parents of a child convicted on criminal charges.
2015:
Fines on parents of stone-throwers - Amendment: Direct fines are imposed on the parents of minors convicted of committing an offence listed in the Israeli Penal Code; for example stone-throwing. This discriminates against the parents of Palestinian children within Israel or residents of East Jerusalem brought before Israeli civil courts.
2014:
Increased Governance and Raising the Qualifying Election Threshold - Bill to Amend Basic Law: The Government: This raises the threshold percentage of votes required for political parties in order to obtain seats in the Knesset to 3.25 per cent. This undermines the parliamentary representation of Palestinian Arabs and prevents Arab parties from contesting the elections within multiple party lists.

Civil Wrongs Law - Amendment: This creates further obstacles to justice and accountability for civilian victims harmed by Israeli security forces in the Occupied Territories.

July- Income Tax Ordinance - Amendment: This grants a 35 per cent tax exemption on donations to institutions that promote "Zionist settlement". It differentiates between public institutions on political and ideological grounds.
2012:
Israeli Prisons Ordinance Amendment No. 43: This was passed allowing for restrictions on security prisoners' access to legal counsel for three months at a time, which can be extended for another three months.

Israeli Prisons Ordinance - Amendment: This allows the Israel Prison Service (IPS) to prohibit prisoners involved in "security crimes" from meeting their lawyers due to suspicion that the meeting will lead to the transfer of information relating to a "terror organisation". This law targets Palestinian prisoners and Palestinian lawyers.

Anti-Boycott Law: This prohibits the promotion of academic, economic or cultural boycotts of Israeli citizens and organisations and against Israeli institutions or illegal Israeli settlements in the West Bank. A civil lawsuit can be filed against anyone who calls for a boycott, namely the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement.

Admissions Committees Law: The Admissions Committees Law legalises Committees that operate in small community towns built on state land in the Negev and Galilee. They are permitted to filter on the basis of ethnicity applicants for housing units and plots of land; Arab Palestinians are the main victims of this process.

Citizenship Law: This allows courts to revoke the citizenship of persons convicted of treason, espionage, assisting the enemy in time of war, violating state sovereignty and acts of terrorism. The law was proposed following the arrest and indictment of Arab civil society leader Ameer Makhoul on charges of espionage and has since been used discriminately against Palestinians.

Nakba Law: The Finance Minister can reduce state funding or support to an institution if it holds an event that rejects the existence of Israel as a "Jewish and democratic state" or commemorates "Israel's Independence Day or the day on which the state was established as a day of mourning." The law deprives Arab citizens of commemorating the Nakba in a way that is an integral part of their history.
2011:
Foreign Government Funding Law: This imposes invasive reporting requirements on NGOs, requiring them to submit and publish quarterly reports on any funding received from foreign governments or publicly-funded foreign donors. Palestinian NGOs in Israel and all NGOs which promote Palestinian rights are particularly vulnerable since they do not seek funding from Israeli governmental sources and have limited access to private funding.

Extension of Detention - Criminal Procedure Law: Designed to extend the harsh detention procedures for those suspected of security offences. Again, this law is used exclusively against Palestinians.

Negev Development Authority Law: "Individual settlements" are used to provide individual Jewish Israeli families with potentially thousands of acres of land for their exclusive use. In the Negev, these settlements were seen as part of a plan for "saving" the land.

Absorption of Discharged Soldiers Law: Jewish Israeli students living in the NPA will be granted a "compensation package". Since Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel are exempt from military service they are excluded from receiving these state-allocated benefits and discriminated against on the basis of their national belonging.

Land Ordinance Law: This allows Israel to confiscate land for "public purposes" and has been used to confiscate Palestinian-owned land in Israel.
2010:
Termination of Proceedings and Deletion of Records in the Disengagement Plan Law: This exempts anyone who was convicted in relation to their opposition to Israel's 2005 Gaza disengagement plan from legal sanction, provided they have not received a prison sentence. This established a separate legal process for people who were charged when demonstrating against the Gaza disengagement from those charged for other political demonstrations, thus discriminating on ideological grounds.

Regional Councils Law: This law, which grants the Interior Minister absolute power to declare the postponement of the first election of a Regional Council, was passed shortly before elections were due to take place in the Abu Basma Regional Council, which includes ten Arab Bedouin villages in the Negev.

Israel Land Administration Law: Enforced land privatisation, especially of land owned by Palestinian refugees and internally displaced persons, as well as land on which settlements are built in occupied East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights.

The Economic Efficiency Law - Legislative Amendments: Classifying towns, villages and areas as "National Priority Areas" (NPAs), this allows for the allocation of state resources without criteria; 553 Jewish towns and only 4 small Arab villages are classified as NPAs with "A" status.
2009:
Economic Efficiency Law: This law stipulates that children who do not receive the vaccinations recommended by the Ministry of Health will no longer be provided with "child allowances". This mainly affects Arab Bedouin children living in the Negev due to the lack of availability of vaccinations.

Absorption of Discharged Soldiers Law - Amendment No. 7: The benefits package available to Jewish Israelis adding to the already extensive educational benefits package enjoyed by discharged soldiers in Israel is not available for Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel due to them being exempt from military service and so excluded from receiving these state-allocated benefits.
2008:
Criminal Procedure Law - Interrogating Suspects - Amendment No. 4: This exempts the police and the Israeli Security Agencies from recording audio and video documentation of interrogations of suspects and is used exclusively against Palestinians.
2006:
Criminal Procedure Law: This law removes a number of essential procedural safeguards for detainees suspected of security offences and is used solely against Palestinians.
2003:
Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law: This bans the unification of the family where one spouse is an Israeli citizen (usually applied to Palestinian citizens) and the other is a resident of the Occupied Palestinian Territories. An additional amendment in 2007 expanded the ban to include citizens and residents of Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq. Although the law was originally a temporary order, it has been used repeatedly, making it a permanent law.
1998:
Hebrew Date Law: The use of the Hebrew calendar in all correspondence and publications issued by the state authorities does not recognise the use of the Islamic calendar.
1994:
Knesset Law: In the opening session of the Knesset excerpts from The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel will be read out to emphasise the exclusive connection of the state to the Jewish people.

The Golan Heights Law: This law is another annexation law which aims to provide a legal defence for the application of Israeli law in the Syrian Golan Heights occupied by Israel since 1967.

Interpretation Law: Article 24 states that the Hebrew versions of laws will be the guiding versions, which disregards Article 82 of the Palestine Order-in-Council (1922), which states that both Hebrew and Arabic are official state languages.
1981:
Public Lands Law (Eviction of Squatters): An amendment to the law, introduced in 2005 expanded the powers of authorities to operate through administrative orders to evacuate land in accordance with the law. The 2005 amendment was aimed against the Arab Bedouin population of the Negev.
1980:
Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel: "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel" removes any connection for Palestinians and insists that the Occupied East of the city is part of the State of Israel.
1971:
Religious Jewish Services Law: Religious councils in Jewish towns, cities and settlements can be established but no parallel law to authorise the establishment of non-Jewish religious councils exists.
1967:
Protection of Holy Sites Law: The Ministry of Religious Affairs has declared 135 Jewish sites as holy sites, although Muslim, Christian and Druze holy places have still yet to be recognised as holy sites.

National Planning and Building Law - Limitation of Water, Electricity and Telephone: Article 157A prohibits national utility companies from connecting a building to national electricity, water and telephone networks if it lacks a building permit. This has been used exclusively to dislodge residents from the unrecognised Arab Bedouin villages in the Negev.

National Planning and Building Law: This does not require Council and District Committees to include Arab-Palestinian representatives.
1965:
Broadcasting Authority Law: Broadcast programmes must reinforce the Zionist identity of the state of Israel as a Jewish and democratic state and reflect the life of Jews in the Diaspora communities. Arabic language channels must promote the "understanding and peace with the neighbouring states in accordance with the basic goals of the state."
1960:
Basic Law: Israel Lands: The ownership of "Israel lands" cannot be transferred in any manner except to Jews only.

Israel Land Administration Law: The government is able to nominate members to the discriminatory "Israel Land Administration Council" which determines and formulates Israel's land policy within the state.
1958:
Basic Law: The Knesset: Arab political candidates are disqualified from participating in the elections for the Knesset if the existence of the State of Israel as the state of the Jewish people is denied, as well as the democratic nature of the state and incitement to racism.
1953:
Jewish National Fund Law: The Jewish National Fund was established in 1901 to collect funds for purchasing land for the exclusive benefit of the Jewish people.

State Education Law: The law establishes separate, independent systems and secular state and state religious schools, to maintain a distinct Jewish community, Jewish culture and Zionist ideology.

Land Acquisition Law (Actions and Compensation): Approximately 93 per cent of the land in Israel is owned by the state. Only 3-3.5 per cent is owned by the Arab population, compared to 48 per cent Arab ownership in 1948.
1952:
World Zionist Organisation-Jewish Agency (Status) Law: This law authorises the World Zionist Organisation, the Jewish Agency and other Zionist bodies to function in Israel as quasi-governmental entities to advance the goals of the Zionist project.

Entry into Israel Law: This law governs the entry into Israel of non-citizens of the state. It grants preferential treatment to Oleh [a Jewish person who migrates to Israel under the Law of Return].

Citizenship Law: Article 2(a) of the Citizenship Law stipulates that, "Every emigrant under the Law of Return will become a citizen of Israel as a direct result of the return." Article 3 of the law deprives Palestinians who were residents of Palestine prior to 1948 of the right to gain citizenship or residence status in Israel.
1950:
Law of Return: Every Jew who migrated to Israel automatically became a citizen of the state, no matter where they were born. No comparable law exists to guarantee the rights of Palestinians to migrate or receive citizenship, even if they were born in the area that is now the State of Israel.
Absentees' Property Law: People who were expelled or who fled after November 1947 due to the war, as well as their movable and immovable property, are marked as "absentees". Property belonging to absentees was placed under the control of the State of Israel and the Absentees' Property Law was used by Israel to possess land belonging to internal and external Palestinian refugees.
1949:
State Stamp Law: The state stamp is placed on all official documents; it consists of the Star of David and the Menorah (candelabrum).
1945:
Law and Government Ordinance, Article 18A: designates the official holidays of the state to be Jewish holy days. The only other official state holiday is Israel's Independence Day.



Attention

Russian FSB Director Aleksandr Bortnikov warns ISIS wants to create 'new global terrorist network'

ISIS soldiers
© Medyan Dairieh / Global Look Press
The leftovers of Islamic State (IS, formerly ISIS/ISIL) could try to form a new terrorist network after its eventual defeat in the Middle East, Federal Security Service (FSB) Director Aleksandr Bortnikov warns.

The terrorists have been "almost defeated while attempting to build their caliphate in Iraq and Syria," he noted.

Yet, "the leaders of IS and other international terrorist groups have defined their global strategic objective as the creation of a new, worldwide terrorist network," Bortnikov stated at a meeting of security services and law enforcement agencies from Russia and 73 other countries in the Russian city of Krasnodar.

This expansion can be seen through attacks hitting not only war-torn states, such as Iraq and Syria, but also Spain, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, Finland and the UK, he noted.

Stop

House passes ban on abortions after 20 weeks - Senate most likely to reject the bill

Trent Franks
© AP Photo/Susan WalshThe Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act, sponsored by Rep. Trent Franks, R-Ariz., has the support of the White House.
The House on Tuesday passed a bill to ban abortion after 20 weeks.

The bill, the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act, would penalize medical providers who perform abortions after 20 weeks of gestation with up to five years in prison or fines, or both. The bill contains limited exceptions, including when a woman's pregnancy puts her life at risk and in cases of rape or incest.

The legislation, which passed 237-189, has support from President Trump, who said in a statement of administration policy Monday that if it were to reach his desk his team would recommend he sign it into law.

The bill, however, is likely to be defeated in the Senate, as it needs 60 votes for passage but Republicans hold only 52 seats. A similar piece of legislation met the same fate in 2015.

Comment: From former abortion clinic employees:
Four former workers - two managers and one health educator at Planned Parenthood and a former nurse at a Louisiana abortion clinic - spoke out against what they say are common practices inside the industry. The group argued abortion providers are motivated by profit and lacked the counseling capacity to serve patients.

"If [a] pregnancy test was positive, the following morning she was scheduled to come in for counseling. We didn't tell her we were scheduling her in to come and get an abortion, but when she came in that morning, she was scheduled for an abortion," nurse Shelley Guillory says in the three-minute video. "The counseling was done by a phlebotomist - it was never ever done by a licensed professional. Usually by the time myself or the doctor arrived, the counseling was already completed."

Former Planned Parenthood manager Annette Lancaster said the organization seeks to speed the process along, in order to build the momentum toward abortion, rather than adoption or other services.

"The whole options counseling, it should have taken at least an hour to 90 minutes, and we would get the whole thing done in about 15 minutes," Lancaster said. "We never gave parents or the patient any time to read the forms."

Former health educator Monica Leal Cline also said her clinic attempted to undermine parents.

"Parental involvement to Planned Parenthood is one pamphlet in the lobby that says, 'Parental Involvement,' and they would tell me themselves, 'Parents are a barrier to service. We don't want parents involved,'" Cline said. "Planned Parenthood, again, is very aggressive. They are a sales team. They want to make money, and they want as many customers as possible."



Windsock

Saudi King's momentous visit to Moscow: Middle East, bilateral trade, humanitarian issues will all be on table

King Salman of Saudi Arabia
King Salman of Saudi Arabia
King Salman of Saudi Arabia is scheduled to arrive in Moscow on Wednesday for the first such visit by a reigning Saudi monarch. He will meet Russian President Putin to discuss bilateral issues, as well as conflicts in north Africa and the Middle East.

Putin and King Salman may discuss defense industry cooperation between the two countries, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said on Wednesday.

"It can be assumed that it will also be on the agenda," Peskov said when asked about the matter.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov believes that the King's visit will become "a milestone event in our relations bringing our cooperation to a totally new level," he told Asharq Al-Awsat, an international Arabic newspaper, on Wednesday.

Comment: Saudi Arabia sees where the wind is blowing and is realizing that it can no longer afford to threaten Moscow and play its games of proxy terrorism in Syria and elsewhere as its used to; it won't succeed. Better to do business with Russia while it still can! But the US will not be happy about this visit for a whole slew of reasons - and we can expect much to be said about it, and reacted to, in the coming days and weeks.


Che Guevara

Hezbollah: A state in all but name

Hezbollah flag

Comment: The following is excerpted from a detailed South Front analysis. Read the full article here


The Hezbollah ("Party of God") movement was formed in 1982 in Lebanon by a segment of the Shia community displeased with the secular, in their view, nature of the Amal moderate Shia party. There were also disagreements concerning whether Israel should be
Hezbollah Nasrallah
Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah
confronted using new organizational forms and methods of warfare. According to its Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah, since its formation, Hezbollah was a purely intra-Lebanese creation, relying on the support and aid from the Palestinian and Lebanese parties, while the support from Iran and Syria came later.

Since the very beginning, Hezbollah's activities have been based on three principles. First, Islam is declared an ideological, doctrinal, and practical basis for the organization's functions. Secondly, its main aim is the struggle against Israeli occupation of Lebanon and Palestine and against Zionist domination. Third, it recognizes the Iranian Shia thesis concerning the necessity of Vilayat-e-Fakih. This Shia doctrine asserts that during the era of the 12th Great Reappearance of Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi the leadership over the Shia is transferred to high-ranking Shia clerics.

Snakes in Suits

Who had the bright idea of starting 'Russiagate' anyway?

John Brennan
Former head of the CIA and continued Deep State operative John Brennan
The answer to the question in the title of this article is that Russiagate was created by CIA director John Brennan.The CIA started what is called Russiagate in order to prevent Trump from being able to normalize relations with Russia. The CIA and the military/security complex need an enemy in order to justify their huge budgets and unaccountable power. Russia has been assigned that role. The Democrats joined in as a way of attacking Trump. They hoped to have him tarnished as cooperating with Russia to steal the presidential election from Hillary and to have him impeached. I don't think the Democrats have considered the consequence of further worsening the relations between the US and Russia.

Public Russia bashing pre-dates Trump. It has been going on privately in neoconservative circles for years, but appeared publicly during the Obama regime when Russia blocked Washington's plans to invade Syria and to bomb Iran.

Attention

Canadian Law Society's new policy compels speech, crosses line that must not be crossed

Law Society building Canada
© Jack Boland / Postmedia NetworkThe entranceway of the Law Society of Upper Canada office.
At the core of free speech is the liberty to criticize the content of the law. For no one is this more important than lawyers

Every lawyer gets emails from the Law Society: reminders to file reports, pay fees, or use assistance programs to cut back on the booze. But a recent message almost made me choke on my sandwich. "New obligations for 2017" was its subject line, "Actions you need to take." All lawyers, it said, must prepare and submit a personal "Statement of Principles" attesting that we value and promote equality, diversity and inclusion. According to the advisory, "The intention of the statement of principles is to demonstrate a personal valuing of equality, diversity, and inclusion with respect to the employment of others, or in professional dealings with other licensees or any other person."

My first instinct was to check my passport. Was I still in Canada, or had someone whisked me away to North Korea, where people must say what officials want to hear? Forced speech is the most egregious violation of freedom of expression, protected by section 2(b) of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In free countries, law governs actions rather than expressions of beliefs. People can be required to obey the speed limit and pay taxes, but they may not be compelled to declare that the speed limits are properly set or that taxes are a good thing. The Supreme Court of Canada has said that forcing someone to express opinions that they do not have "is totalitarian and as such alien to the tradition of free nations like Canada, even for the repression of the most serious crimes."

Comment: Another citizen taking up Professor Jordan Peterson's warning:


Propaganda

Reuters misrepresents pathetically low public confidence in the press with new poll

fake news
Americans are increasingly confident in the news media and less so in President Donald Trump's administration after a tumultuous year in U.S. politics that tested the public's trust in both institutions, according to a Reuters/Ipsos opinion poll released on Tuesday.

The poll of more than 14,300 people found that the percentage of adults who said they had a "great deal" or "some" confidence in the press rose to 48 percent in September from 39 percent last November. Earlier this year, Trump branded the entire industry as the "enemy of the American people."

The percentage of those who said they had "hardly any" confidence in the press dropped to 45 percent from 51 percent over the same period.

Comment: This was Reuters' original headline before being Sottified: "The press, branded the 'enemy' by Trump, increasingly trusted by the public: Reuters/Ipsos poll"

Notice how Reuters doesn't include the actual percentages of people who have 'great confidence' in the media and how they break down the numbers to present the situation better than it is. All they're doing is putting lipstick on a pig.

What are the actual numbers? Here they are from the horse's mouth:
16 percent of American have 'great deal' of confidence in the press, up from 12 percent in November - Reuters/Ipsos poll
With manipulative reporting like this, it is no wonder why people no longer trust the media.


Binoculars

Mass migration of Bangladeshis could instigate regional war in South Asia

shoot us or save us Bangladesh
Whether part of a preplanned strategy or not, large-scale migration flows often destabilize the destination country, and India and Myanmar are bracing for the geopolitical consequences of the Bangladeshis within their borders acquiring a firmer sense of identity separateness from their hosts.

Ivy League researcher Kelly M. Greenhill's revolutionary concept about "Weapons of Mass Migration" claims that immigration processes can be abused as a Machiavellian ploy to influence state actors, whether the source country, transit ones, or the destination state, and none of this necessarily has to occur with all parties' complicity or even knowledge. In most of the cases that she studied in her research, Greenhill noted that the migrants themselves usually have no idea that they're being used as pawns in a larger power game, and it's from this perspective that one should approach the issue of Bangladeshi migrants in India and Myanmar.


Question

After six years of death and destruction, what did Washington even achieve in its war on Syria?

syria destruction
Now that the defeat of ISIS in Syria appears imminent, with the Syrian army clearing out some of the last ISIS strongholds in the east, Washington's interventionists are searching for new excuses to maintain the illegal US military presence in the country. Their original rationale for intervention has long been exposed as another lie.

Remember that President Obama initially involved the US military in Iraq and Syria to "prevent genocide" of the Yazidis and promised the operation would not drift into US "boots on the ground." That was three years ago and the US military became steadily more involved while Congress continued to dodge its Constitutional obligations. The US even built military bases in Syria despite having no permission to do so! Imagine if Syria started building military bases here in the US against our wishes.

After six years of war the Syrian government has nearly defeated ISIS and al-Qaeda and the US-backed "moderates" turned out to be either Islamist extremists or Kurdish soldiers for hire. According to a recent report, the US has shipped two billion dollars worth of weapons to fighters in Syria via eastern Europe. Much of these weapons ended up in the hands of ISIS directly, or indirectly through "moderates" taking their weapons with them while joining ISIS or al-Qaeda.