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The NCRI is an umbrella group for exiled opposition organizations, including the former rebel People's Mujahedeen, [MEK] which was once considered a terror group by European and American authorities and is banned in Iran. The NCRI immediately pointed the finger at Tehran, saying the regime was behind the alleged plot.
The timing of the alleged plot is noteworthy; it came just as Iranian President Hassan Rouhani was arriving in Europe, hoping to secure continued support for the 2015 nuclear agreement.
The European Union has been a strong backer of the deal, which offers Iran sanctions relief in return for accepting curbs on its nuclear program, despite US President Donald Trump's decision to pull out in May.
Evidence that Iran had sought to carry out a bombing on European soil would seriously jeopardize those efforts and make it politically more difficult for leaders such as France's Emmanuel Macron to continue to support the accord.
Iran's foreign minister implied that the regime's enemies - notably Israel or the United States - might be behind a "false flag ploy," meaning a deliberate effort to discredit Iran.
"How convenient: Just as we embark on a presidential visit to Europe, an alleged Iranian operation and its 'plotters' arrested," Mohammad Javad Zarif tweeted.
"Iran unequivocally condemns all violence and terror anywhere, and is ready to work with all concerned to uncover what is a sinister false flag ploy," he said.
Comment: See also: Lebanon refutes Israeli claim that they host Hezbollah missile sites