Science & TechnologyS


Comet 2

New Comet: C/2013 H1 (La Sagra)

Discovery Date: April 19, 2013

Magnitude: 17.7 mag

Discoverer: J. Nomen (La Sagra Sky Survey)

C/2013 H1
© Aerith NetMagnitudes Graph
The orbital elements are published on M.P.E.C. 2013-K38.

Comet

New Comet: C/2013 L2 (CATALINA)

Cbet nr. 3548, issued on 2013, June 09, announces the discovery of an apparently asteroidal object (discovery magnitude ~19.6) by R. A. Kowalski on CCD images obtained with the Catalina Sky Survey 0.68-m Schmidt telescopeon June 02. After posting on the Minor Planet Center's NEOCP webpage, this apparently asteroidal object as been found to show cometary features by by astrometric observers elsewhere. The new comet has been designated C/2013 L2 (CATALINA).

We performed follow-up measurements of this object, while it was still on the neocp. Stacking of 18 R-filtered exposures, 30-sec each, obtained remotely, from the Haleakala-Faulkes Telescope North on 2013, June 04.5, through a 2.0-m f/10.0 Ritchey-Chretien + CCD (operated by Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network), shows that this object is a comet: sharp central condensation, surrounded by a faint coma nearly 4" in diameter.

Below you can see our image.
C/2013 L2
© Remanzacco Observatory
M.P.E.C. 2013-L41 assigns the following preliminary parabolic orbital elements to comet C/2013 L2: T 2012 Apr. 29.80; e= 1.0; Peri. = 359.60; q = 4.77; Incl.= 106.44

Eye 1

CISPA will legalize PRISM surveillance program

CISPA
© n/a
Give them an inch and they will take a mile. That is how power-hungry tyrants interpret any law.

The PATRIOT Act and the FISA court led to the blanket wiretapping of every American citizen and a PRISM lens into all Internet activity for the NSA.

Now we are supposed to trust this Peeping Tom government by giving them more authority for "cybersecurity" with the Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act (CISPA)?

Eye 1

Report states tech giants worked with government surveillance program, companies deny role in PRISM

PRISM
© documents obtained by the GuardianThis slide shows when each company joined the PRISM program
The New York Times reports that the Internet giants involved in the secret PRISM surveillance program agreed to cooperate with the government. The same companies have issued denials which some argue are actually cleverly worded attempts to obscure their involvement.

All of this comes in response to the reports exposing the NSA's massive surveillance program known as PRISM which gives them access to the servers of some of the largest Internet companies which was quickly defended by Obama. The information about PRISM was released shortly after it was revealed that Verizon was secretly ordered to hand over all the records of U.S. phone calls in their system.

Now the New York Times reports that in some cases the companies actually changed their computer systems to make it more efficient and secure for the government to conduct surveillance.

These changes were made after a series of secret negotiations that "illustrate how intricately the government and tech companies work together, and the depth of their behind-the-scenes transactions."

Eye 1

Easily abused, domestic drones raise enormous privacy concerns

domestic drones
© flickr/@developmentseed
Shortly before next week's one-year anniversary of the Oakland Police Department's brutal crackdown on Occupy Oakland, Alameda County Sheriff Greg Ahern announced that he was seeking funds to purchase a drone to engage in unspecified unmanned aerial surveillance. One of the many unfortunate lessons of OPD's Occupy crackdown is that when law enforcement has powerful and dangerous tools in its arsenal, it will use them. Drones raise enormous privacy concerns and can easily be abused. Before any drone acquisition proceeds, we need to ask a threshold question - are drones really necessary in our community? - and have a transparent and democratic process for debating that question. In addition, if the decision is made to acquire a drone, do we have rigid safeguards and accountability mechanisms in place, so that law enforcement does not use drones to engage in warrantless mass surveillance? The ACLU of Northern California has sent the Sheriff a Public Records Act request, demanding answers to these crucial questions.

Comet 2

New Comet: 2013 LA2

Discovery Date: June 1, 2013

Magnitude: 21.5 mag

Discoverer: Pan-STARRS 1 telescope (Haleakala)
2013 LA
© Aerith NetMagnitudes Graph
The orbital elements are published on M.P.E.C. 2013-L23.

Bizarro Earth

Earthquakes that break seismic sound barrier confirmed in lab experiments

Image
© www.millennium-ark.net
The inner workings of bizarre and potentially dangerous earthquakes that break the seismic sound barrier have now for the first time been confirmed in laboratory experiments with real rocks, report scientists in today's issue of the journal Science.

What are called supershear earthquakes are strange events in which the rupturing fault breaks faster than certain seismic waves can travel, creating a sort of seismic mach cone that fires out the end of a fault's rupture zone -- the part of the fault that breaks loose allowing two rock surfaces to jerk past each other. That cone and the waves that follow can cause inordinately severe shaking, out of proportion to the earthquake's magnitude.

"It's like the (seismic) waves are propagating along and all of a sudden it steps on the accelerator," explained Eric Dunham, an assistant professor and seismological researcher at Stanford University who has done modeling work on supershear waves.

Cloud Grey

The rare phenomenon of eerily beautiful lenticular clouds captured by a Russian photographer

Hovering high above the mountains these unusual, saucer-like white masses resemble a creature or vehicle from another world - but they are in fact clouds. The natural phenomenon, known as a lenticular clouds, tend to form at high altitudes, such as above mountains.

The lens-shaped formations are scientifically known as 'altocumulus lenticularis' and are the result of moist air that has condensed at a high altitude. They are formed when the air temperature drops and moisture droplets are pushed up a steep slope by high winds. This unique atmospheric condition creates the interesting lens-shaped form that defines a lenticular cloud.

Mountains act as natural barriers forcing clouds to condense quickly as they are pushed to cooler altitudes. This is why a large or particularly tall mountain range will experience a moist climate on one side but an arid one on the other.
Image
Russian photographer Denis Bukhov captured the rare phenomenon of lenticular clouds over the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia.
Additional images

Fireball 5

June Arietids - The invisible meteor shower you just might see

I've never seen an Arietid meteor and chances are you haven't either. Peaking on June 7-8, the Arietid (AIR-ee-uh-tid) meteor shower is one of the strongest of the year with a maximum rate of 50-80 per hour. But there's a rub. The shower radiant, the point in the sky from which the meteors appear to radiate, is near the sun and best seen during daylight hours. When was the last time you saw meteors in daylight?
Image
You might just see a few meteors from the combined Arietids and Zeta Perseid showers that peak Friday and Saturday mornings. This map shows the sky facing northeast at dawn for the mid-section of the U.S. Created with Stellarium
If you're wondering how anyone could discover a meteor shower when the sun is out, it's impossible unless your eyes can see radio waves. The Arietids were first "seen" in 1947 by operators of radio equipment at Jodrell Bank Observatory in England. Meteors leave trails of ionized gases when they rip through our upper atmosphere at tens of thousands of miles per hour and briefly make ideal reflectors of radio waves.
Image
© Jodrell Bank, University of ManchesterEarly scientific exploration of the sky in radio waves at Jodrell Bank Observatory in 1945.

Dollar

Need a million bucks? Solve Beal's conjecture

Beal's Conjecture
© Thinkstock
Looking for a way to make $1 million? All you need to do is solve a math equation that has been boggling the minds of the world's greatest mathematicians for over 20 years.

Beal's Conjecture, represented by A^x + B^y = C^z, is named after Andrew Beal, the same man who is offering up the seven-figure reward for anyone who can prove that when A, B and C are positive integers, and x, y and z are positive integers greater than 2 - A, B and C must have a common factor.

The conjecture was first proposed in 1993 while Beal was working on Fermat's Last Theorem. He noted that both equations are "easy to say, but extremely difficult to prove."

"Increasing the prize is a good way to draw attention to mathematics generally and the Beal Conjecture specifically," said Beal. "I hope many more young people will find themselves drawn into the wonderful world of mathematics."

Currently working as a banker in Dallas, Beal first offered up a $5,000 prize to anyone who could perform the proof back in 1997. He has increased the reward several times over the years without a solution being found. The $1 million prize is a ten-fold upgrade from Beal's last offer of $100,000.

"I was inspired by the prize offered for proving Fermat," said the self-taught mathematician who professes an affinity for number theory.