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The true extent of the events taking place at the remote Erta Alé volcano since mid-July is gradually becoming clear. New images from the northern end of the caldera show that a massive pit crater several hundred meters deep has formed. The crater was formed as a result of collapse events as the magma reservoir beneath the volcano drained southward. This likely created a magmatic vein and rift approximately 40 kilometers long.(Translated by Google)
I know the north crater in the Erta Alé caldera as a slight depression, the edge of which dropped steeply by about 15 m in 2002. Over the past few years, the depression has filled with repeated lava flow eruptions until it even formed a dome. The resulting crater has likely returned to the dimensions it had at the beginning of the volcano's last cycle. As the volcano guides who took the photographs moved away from the volcano, they saw clouds of ash rising again, indicating further collapse events. This is a sign that crater formation, and thus the underground drainage of magma, may not yet be over. It cannot be ruled out that a lava flow could emerge at the end of the passage near the Afdera salt lake, where there is also a settlement.
The South Crater has also collapsed in recent days. Judging by satellite photos, it has returned to the size it was during my first visit. It's quite possible that a lava lake will form again in one or both of the pit craters. For tourists, direct contact with the lava has thus receded into the distance: Recently, several hornitos were seen, which had formed on the crater fillings or lids and were bursting with lava.
If the collapse events continue, the two closely located craters could merge into one. In this case, one could speak of caldera formation. But even so, this is an unusual occurrence.
Comment: Related: Russia: Kamchatka's Krasheninnikov volcano erupts for the first time in 600 years