Secret HistoryS

Document

Declassified 70 years later: Files reveal Winston Churchill thwarted King Edward VIII's Nazi plot to retake British throne

Winston Churchill (1874 - 1965), left, and the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII)
© Keystone / Getty ImagesWinston Churchill (1874 - 1965), left, and the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII).
Britain's wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill desperately tried to suppress documents that showed that the Duke of Windsor was a Nazi sympathizer and Hitler's pick for the head of a puppet regime in Britain.

A cache of newly declassified files released by the National Archives at Kew show that Churchill tried to block the publication of papers on former King Edward VIII's pro-Nazi views and willingness to deal with Adolf Hitler to win back his throne.

The dossier was compiled by the Nazi intelligence agencies, documenting the activities of the Duke and his wife, Wallis Simpson, during World War II.

King Edward VIII abdicated in 1936 as he sought to marry Simpson, an American divorcee, causing a constitutional crisis. He left Britain to tour Nazi Germany later that year.

Comment: Churchill was also deeply involved in the intrigue surrounding Britain's war against Germany in 1914:

Book review: Hidden History, the Secret Origins of the First World War


Book

Ten things you may not know about Orwell's '1984'

scene from movie 1984
Some argue Orwell's dystopian vision has finally arrived.

George Orwell's novel 1984 was incredibly popular at the time it was published, and it remains incredibly popular to this day. With multiple stars citing the book as one of their favorites - including Stephen King, David Bowie, Mel Gibson, and Kit Harrington - 1984 has been growing in popularity in recent years. The book reappeared on best-seller lists in early 2017, as some argued Orwell's dystopian vision had finally arrived.

Below are 10 facts you might not know about Orwell's dark novel.

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Great game of politics: Book review of Hidden History, The Secret Origins of the First World War

hidden history first world war
A must-read
Of the many myths that befog the modern political mind, none is so corrupting of the understanding or so incongruent with historical fact as the notion that the wealthy and the powerful do not conspire.

They do.

They conspire continually, habitually, effectively, diabolically and on a scale that beggars the imagination. To deny this conspiracy fact is to deny both overwhelming empirical evidence and elementary reason.

Nevertheless, for the astute observer of the 'Great Game' of politics, it is an unending source of wonderment to stumble across ever more astounding examples of the monstrous machinations of which wealthy and powerful elites are capable. Indeed, it is precisely here that authors Docherty and Macgregor enter the fray and threaten to take our breath away entirely.

Thus, the official, canonized history of the origins of the First World War, so they tell us, is one long, unmitigated lie from start to finish. Even more to the conspiratorial point is the authors' thesis that - and to paraphrase a later Churchill who figures prominently in this earlier story - never were so many murdered, so needlessly, for the ambitions and profit of so few.

In demolishing the many shibboleths surrounding the origins of the 'Great War' (including 'German responsibility', 'British peace efforts', 'Belgian neutrality' and the 'inevitability' of the war), Docherty and Macgregor point the finger at what they argue is the real source of the conflict: a more or less secret cabal of British imperialists whose entire political existence for a decade and a half was dedicated to the fashioning of a European war in aid of destroying the British Empire's newly emerging commercial, industrial and military competitor, Germany.

Comment: This summary video by one of the co-authors of the book explains how it was ensured that the German army was provided with foodstuffs through the C.R.B. from late 1914 onwards, thus prolonging the war by at least two years.


See also: Book review: Hidden History, the Secret Origins of the First World War


Roses

Melting Swiss glacier reveals bodies of couple who disappeared 75 years ago

Remains of Marcelin and Francine Dumoulin
© Getty Images
The bodies of a Swiss couple who disappeared 75 years ago in the Alps have been found at the edge of a melting glacier, local media reported.

Marcelin and Francine Dumoulin, the parents of seven children, went to milk their cows in a meadow in the Valais canton on Aug. 15, 1942, then vanished without a trace.

"We spent our whole lives looking for them, without stopping. We thought that we could give them the funeral they deserved one day," their youngest daughter, Marceline Udry-Dumoulin, 79, told Le Matin, a newspaper in Lausanne.

"For the funeral, I won't wear black," she added. "I think that white would be more appropriate. It represents hope, which I never lost."

Red Flag

Unsuspecting residents of San Francisco were part of one of the largest human experiments in history

San Fran fog
© cognitive libertyThe north tower of the Golden Gate Bridge is seen surrounded by fog
San Francisco's fog is famous, especially in the summer, when weather conditions combine to create the characteristic cooling blanket that sits over the Bay Area.

This was just the start of many such tests around the country that would go on in secret for years. But one fact many may not know about San Francisco's fog is that in 1950, the US military conducted a test to see whether it could be used to help spread a biological weapon in a "simulated germ-warfare attack." This was just the start of many such tests around the country that would go on in secret for years.

Comment: Read more about the "simulated germ-warfare attacks" in Kevin Loria's article: Clouds of secrecy: Over and over again, the military has conducted dangerous biowarfare experiments on Americans, without their knowledge


Archaeology

Perfectly preserved mummies cocooned in copper, fabric and birch bark unearthed in Russia's far north

Copper-covered mummies unearthed in Russiaโ€™s Far North
© Alexander Gusev
A perfectly-preserved mummy of an adult bound in copper plates from head to toe has been dug up in Russia's Far North, alongside the mummy of a "tiny" baby. The discoveries could shed unique light on medieval burial and medical practices.

The remains were found near Zeleny Yar archeological site in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region, which was discovered in 1997, and has since been the source of dozens of rare finds.

"This year's field season has been highly successful. We've opened 10 graves, five of which were never looted in ancient times. For a memorial like Zeleny Yar this is unusual,"said Aleksandr Gusev, a researcher from the Scientific Center for the Study of the Arctic (SCSA), who led the expedition.

Info

Declassified Russian documents reveal Polish gratitude for WWII liberation

Poland Red Army Nazi Russia Soviet Union Memorial
© Alexey Vitvitsky / SputnikMemorial to Red Army soldiers re-unveiled in Poland
The Russian Defense Ministry has declassified documents on the war in Poland in 1944-45, which describe Nazi atrocities and the positive attitude of the Polish people toward their liberators.
"The historical documents declassified in July 2017 have never been published in open sources and were only available to a limited circle of specialists," read a statement by the Defense Ministry's press service.
It also noted that all documents, such as field reports, certificates and telegrams show that the Poles' attitude toward Soviet military servicemen was good. For example, a telegram from the Polish Patriots' Union states that Polish citizens fighting on the Soviet side - in the so-called Armia Ludowa, or People's Army - "have created a bridge that unites two brotherly nations."

Comment: Further reading: 'Never again': Western amnesia on WWII as NATO replicates Nazi Germany


Dig

Cypriot farmer unearths 2,000-year-old Roman mosaic

mosaic tile
Thanks to a farmer in the Cyprus village of Akaki, about 14 miles from the capital Nicosia, archeologists know a lot more about the island's history and horse races in ancient Rome.

The farmer uncovered a 36-foot by 14-foot mosaic floor piece that researchers believe dates back to the A.D. 4th century, and likely came from the villa of a rich country man.

The mosaic shows four chariots with their charioteers and horses, likely a depiction of the horse races in the Roman hippodrome, an open-air stadium for horse racing. There are also inscriptions near the charioteers, which the archeologists working on the site believe could be their names.

Dr. Fryni Hadjichristofi, the chief archaeological officer in charge of the site, said there are only nine other mosaics that depict this theme in the Roman world.

Boat

Eight ancient shipwrecks found off of Greece's Fourni Islands

divers
© Sotonpressarchive / YouTube
Underwater archeologists have discovered eight shipwrecks dating back thousands of years while exploring waters around the Greek islands of Fourni.

The Fourni Underwater Survey, a joint US-Greek expedition to uncover archeological sites around the archipelago, has so far uncovered a total of 53 shipwrecks and countless invaluable artefacts over the last three diving seasons.

Peter Campbell of the RPM Nautical Foundation (RPMNF), one of the leaders of the project, believes the area was a popular among ancient boatmen as it provided good anchorage points for vessels crossing the Aegean sea. At Fourni, they were protected from the hazardous northwest winds - although the occasional southern storm sometimes caught them unawares.

Info

You can't understand ISIS if you don't know the history of Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia

Wahhabism
© Getty
The dramatic arrival of Da'ish (ISIS) on the stage of Iraq has shocked many in the West. Many have been perplexed โ€” and horrified โ€” by its violence and its evident magnetism for Sunni youth. But more than this, they find Saudi Arabia's ambivalence in the face of this manifestation both troubling and inexplicable, wondering, "Don't the Saudis understand that ISIS threatens them, too?"

It appears โ€” even now โ€” that Saudi Arabia's ruling elite is divided. Some applaud that ISIS is fighting Iranian Shiite "fire" with Sunni "fire"; that a new Sunni state is taking shape at the very heart of what they regard as a historical Sunni patrimony; and they are drawn by Da'ish's strict Salafist ideology.

Other Saudis are more fearful, and recall the history of the revolt against Abd-al Aziz by the Wahhabist Ikhwan (Disclaimer: this Ikhwan has nothing to do with the Muslim Brotherhood Ikhwan โ€” please note, all further references hereafter are to the Wahhabist Ikhwan, and not to the Muslim Brotherhood Ikhwan), but which nearly imploded Wahhabism and the al-Saud in the late 1920s.

Many Saudis are deeply disturbed by the radical doctrines of Da'ish (ISIS) โ€” and are beginning to question some aspects of Saudi Arabia's direction and discourse.