© Wikipedia, CCA depiction of a universe-antiuniverse pair
To explain the accelerated expansion, physicists have proposed alternative explanations such as quintessence and modified gravity theories, including scalar-tensor-vector gravity. Additionally, explanations beyond four dimensions, like the braneworld scenarios in the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) model, modify gravity at large distances due to the effect of a higher-dimensional bulk on our four-dimensional brane, and variable brane tension.
My new model
In my work, I propose another model to explain the present accelerated expansion of the universe. Unlike existing models, this does not require any form of dark energy or modified gravity approaches. However, there is a price to pay: we need a partner anti-universe whose time flow is oppositely related to our universe.
There are strong arguments supporting this concept. From a quantum theory perspective, it is natural for the universe to be created in pairs. Recently, Boyle et al proposed that the universe does not spontaneously violate CPT (Charge, Parity, and Time reversal symmetry), but rather, the universe after the Big Bang is the CPT image of the universe before it, pointing towards a partner anti-universe.
Recent results
In a recent paper published in Gravitation and Cosmology, I used key concepts from quantum theory, such as relative entropy, and from general relativity, such as the null energy condition, which corresponds to the positive energy condition. My findings suggest that the universe naturally expands in an accelerated manner.
Relative entropy, which requires two states, in this case, corresponds to the universe and its partner anti-universe. Accelerated expansion seems inevitable in a universe created in pairs that respect the null energy condition. This result is quite surprising and readers familiar with Hawking's area theorem may notice some similarities. The area theorem also deals with causal horizons and requires the null energy condition to hold.
In our model, the causal horizon corresponds to the Big Bang. The results apply equally to the partner anti-universe.
To sum up, the accelerated expansion of the universe is a challenging subject that continues to drive scientific efforts. Building on existing theories, my model offers an explanation using standard concepts from quantum theory and general relativity, without the need for elusive dark energy.
The results indicate that accelerated expansion is natural for a universe created in pairs. Moreover, studying causal horizons can deepen our understanding of the universe. The beauty of this idea lies in its simplicity and naturalness, setting it apart from existing explanations.
Reader Comments
Also Physicists: "We must have an "Imaginary Friend in the Sky" (dark energy), capable of miracles and changing the direction of the Universe... because our dogmas fail to account for observed reality... but do please keep that Research Grant Money flowing our way!" This "elegant" (K.I.S.S.) theory may provide an "out", allowing physicists to stop searching the skies for oxymoronic " dark energy " that supposedly you cannot touch or detect, yet it still must constitute 90% of the contents of the universe. If this theory gains support, physicists might stop searching the skies for their "Imaginary Friend", and spend a little more time doing physics.
Their 'dark energy' is plasma and electrical energy. Just about every other possible theory is being considered no matter how outlandish, yet an electrical universe is too far beyond their thinking.
And I thought it can't get worse !
My theory is that the universe is balanced by exactly 375.28 blue and an unknown quantity of green angels, balancing on an Archimedean fulcrum which entirely co-incidently balances our universe exactly, down to 12 to the power of 10 decimal places. I tell you three times, this is true.
No.
And this is exactly the point.
I find blue and green angels more elegant ...