Earth ChangesS

Cloud Lightning

'Extremely unusual' storm system moving backwards across United States through end of week

A low pressure system that started in the Eastern United States has retrograded under a ridge of high pressure to the north over the last couple of days. This system is moving from east to west, which is extremely unusual for this hemisphere. We've seen these move east to west for a short period of time, but this one will make it to Southern California by the time it weakens.

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The upper level system is known as an easterly wave, however I'd like to call it a super easterly wave based on the distance it is going to travel. This particular system will have traveled from one side of the country to the other once it has stopped moving west, diving from there into Mexico, gathering up monsoonal moisture to be put into Nevada and Southern California later in the week into next week.

Rainfall estimations across parts of Central Texas could be over 2-4โ€ณ of rain, with more rain (above 6+" possible in parts of South-Central Texas. Severe storms, including tornadoes, hail, and damaging winds will be possible from Texas, New Mexico, and parts of Arizona through the next few days.
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Info

Air pollution responsible for more than 2 million deaths worldwide each year, experts estimate

More than two million deaths occur worldwide each year as a direct result of human-caused outdoor air pollution, a new study has found.
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© Korobanova Marina / FotoliaSmog hangs over Shanghai. Researchers estimate that worldwide, more than two million deaths occur each year as a direct result of human-caused outdoor air pollution.

In addition, while it has been suggested that a changing climate can exacerbate the effects of air pollution and increase death rates, the study shows that this has a minimal effect and only accounts for a small proportion of current deaths related to air pollution.

The study, which has been published today, 12 July, in IOP Publishing's journal Environmental Research Letters, estimates that around 470,000 people die each year because of human-caused increases in ozone.

It also estimates that around 2.1 million deaths are caused each year by human-caused increases in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) ? tiny particles suspended in the air that can penetrate deep into the lungs, causing cancer and other respiratory disease.

Bizarro Earth

India says nearly 6,000 missing a month after devastating floods

India officially declared on Monday that nearly 6,000 people were missing a month after flash floods ravaged large parts of its northern state of Uttarakhand, but stopped short of saying they were presumed dead.

The figure of 5,748, based on tallies of missing persons from around the country, was the first official estimate following weeks in which the numbers of dead and missing fluctuated wildly from a few hundred to several thousand.

Their families will now be eligible for financial relief, Uttarakhand Chief Minister Vijay Bahuguna told a news conference, adding that his government would pay 150,000 rupees ($2,500) to families in the state, besides compensation from the federal government.
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© REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui Posters of missing people, caused by the flash floods and landslides, are placed on a gate as an Indian Air Force helicopter lands at a base in Dehradun, in the Himalayan state of Uttarakhand June 26, 2013.
"We are not getting into the controversy whether the missing persons are dead or not," said Bahuguna. "We are abiding by what the families of the victims say, and if they think that they haven't come back and have no hope as well, (then) we are providing them monetary relief."

The official death toll still stands at 580, an official of the National Disaster Management Authority told Reuters. More than 4,600 of the missing in Uttarakhand had come from elsewhere in India, said the official, who declined to be identified as he was not authorized to speak to the media.

Bizarro Earth

7.3 magnitude earthquake shakes seafloor near South Sandwich Islands

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© USGS
A 7.3 magnitude earthquake has struck south of Bristol Island in the South Sandwich Islands. No tsunami alert exists, however. The massive 7.3 magnitude earthquake began today July 15, 2013 far out to sea, far from Argentina and Chile's coast, officials tell news. It was initially reported as a 6.8 magnitude quake before being upgraded. The large earthquake today began moments ago. It erupted at 12:03 pm local time, officials tell news. It also posted a moderate depth. USGS indicates to news that the quake starting twenty miles below sea level. But the quake was far from land when it began. Officials tell news that the quake was closest only to one island.

The quake began one hundred thirty miles southeast of Bristol Island in the South Sandwich Islands. The quake was thereafter a great distance from other nations. The quake was one thousand six hundred miles at least from Ushuaia, Argentina. It was roughly one thousand seven hundred miles from Rio Gallegos in Argentina as well. Reps tell news that the quake was about one thousand seven hundred miles from Punta Arenas, Chile and about one thousand three hundred mils from Stanley in the Falkland Islands. The National Weather Service says that no tsunami danger exists currently for the U.S, Gulf of Mexico, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands. But officials. Both the Alaska Tsunami Warning Center and the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center confirm that no tsunami threat is in place. - LA Late News

USGS data

Bizarro Earth

Ecuador's Tungurahua Volcano records major explosion- spews stones, gases and ash more than three miles into the sky

The Tungurahua Volcano, located in Ecuador's central Andean region, registered a major explosion on Sunday with a stronger eruption that spewed ash and rocks into the atmosphere, according to the Geophysics Institute of the National Polytechnic School (IGEPN).
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© Associated PressA man walks on rocks and ashes spewed by the Tungurahua volcano in the outskirts of Cusua, Tungurahua province, Ecuador
The explosion caused a boom that could be heard in several cities, including Riobamba and Ambato in central Ecuador and Guayaquil in the southwest, and communities close to the volcano also felt ground tremors, said the IGEPN which is in charge of monitoring volcanic activity in a report.

The eruption scattered ash, rocks and other volcanic fragments into the sky, but due to cloud cover over the region it was impossible to determine how high the column of ash rose, the IGEPN said.

However, eyewitnesses said the ash could be seen as far away as the capital Quito.

The 5,016-meter-high volcano has been active since 1999, with alternating periods of increased activity and relative calm.

Bizarro Earth

Some volcanoes scream at ever-higher pitches until they blow their tops

Redoubt Volcano
© Game McGimseyRedoubt Volcano on March 31, 2009. View to the east of the summit crater of the volcano, heavily covered with deposits from recent eruptions, many of which were preceded by harmonic tremor.
It is not unusual for swarms of small earthquakes to precede a volcanic eruption. They can reach a point of such rapid succession that they create a signal called harmonic tremor that resembles sound made by various types of musical instruments, though at frequencies much lower than humans can hear.

A new analysis of an eruption sequence at Alaska's Redoubt Volcano in March 2009 shows that the harmonic tremor glided to substantially higher frequencies and then stopped abruptly just before six of the eruptions, five of them coming in succession.

"The frequency of this tremor is unusually high for a volcano, and it's not easily explained by many of the accepted theories," said Alicia Hotovec-Ellis, a University of Washington doctoral student in Earth and space sciences.

Documenting the activity gives clues to a volcano's pressurization right before an explosion. That could help refine models and allow scientists to better understand what happens during eruptive cycles in volcanoes like Redoubt, she said.

The source of the earthquakes and harmonic tremor isn't known precisely. Some volcanoes emit sound when magma - a mixture of molten rock, suspended solids and gas bubbles - resonates as it pushes up through thin cracks in the Earth's crust.

But Hotovec-Ellis believes in this case the earthquakes and harmonic tremor happen as magma is forced through a narrow conduit under great pressure into the heart of the mountain. The thick magma sticks to the rock surface inside the conduit until the pressure is enough to move it higher, where it sticks until the pressure moves it again.

Arrow Up

Visitors to the Mediterranean warned of an increase in jellyfish

Overfishing has reduced competition for food, allowing jellyfish whose stings can cause pain and nausea, to thrive
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© PA Archive/PA PhotosMauve stingers ... a brush with these can cause pain, burning, nausea and muscle cramps.

Holidaymakers are being warned by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to take local advice in several Mediterranean countries as jellyfish numbers rise along coastlines popular with tourists in Greece, Spain and Malta. Jellyfish numbers have been rising consistently in the Mediterranean, and researchers warn that the increase in numbers poses a hazard to swimmers, fishing and the marine environment.

The FCO said: "We have been alerted to large numbers of jellyfish in the Mediterranean this summer, especially in a number of key holiday destinations for UK tourists. We have updated our travel advice for a number of Mediterranean countries to reflect this issue."

Up to 150,000 people are treated for jellyfish stings in the Mediterranean each year. The worst-hit coastlines this summer have been in Greece, Spain, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Israel and Lebanon. The FCO recommends that swimmers speak to local authorities and follow their advice on where and when to swim.

Barcelona Institute of Marine Sciences researcher Josep Marรญa Gili told the Guardian in June that jellyfish represented a growing problem, both in the Mediterranean and across the world.

Bug

Madagascar battling worst locust plague since 1950s

Locusts threatening livelihood of 60% of population, and have already destroyed a quarter of Madagascar's food crops

Madagascar is in a race against time to raise enough money to tackle its worst plague of locusts since the 1950s. Locusts have already infested over half of the island's cultivated land and pastures, causing the loss of 630,000 tonnes of rice, corresponding to 25% of food consumption.

At least 1.5m hectares (3.7m acres) could be infested by locusts in two-thirds of the country by September, warns the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). Findings from a damage assessment indicate that rice and maize crop losses due to locusts in the mid- and south-western parts of Madagascar vary, on average, from 40% to 70%, reaching up to 100% in some plots.

Madagascar's agriculture ministry declared a national disaster in November. The food security and livelihoods of 13 million people are at stake, about 60% of the island's population. Around 9 million people depend directly on agriculture for food and income.

"We don't have enough funds for pesticide, helicopters and training," said Alexandre Huynh, the FAO's representative in Madagascar. "What is extremely costly is to run helicopters [needed to spray pesticides]. We have to start in September, and we have two to three months to prepare. We need $22.4m [ยฃ15.1m] but we are quite short of that. Discussions are going on with donors."
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© Tiphaine Desjardin/FAO Adults locusts on a rock in Isalo national park, Madagascar.

Question

Pygmy sperm whale mother dies, calf euthanized after beaching on Jupiter Island, Florida

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© Lannis Waters/The Palm Beach PostRescue teams remove a dead pygmy sperm whale that was stranded on Jupiter Island Tuesday morning, July 9, 2013
A mother pygmy sperm whale died and her calf was euthanized after they washed ashore Tuesday morning onto a Jupiter Island beach.

Authorities spotted the mother and her calf at about 8 a.m. while they patrolled the shore about five miles north of the Blowing Rocks Preserve.

Officials from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Loggerhead Marinelife Center in Juno Beach and Marine Animal Rescue Society responded and evaluated the whales.

John Cassady, an FWC biologist, said the approximately 9-foot, 800-pound mother died after she landed on shore.

Loggerhead veterinarians decided to euthanized the 3-foot, 100-pound calf, saying it could not survive on its own.

Bizarro Earth

Crews find child trapped in Indiana sinkhole

Sinkhole
© Twitter/ABC7 ChicagoCrews trying to dig an 8 y/o boy out of sink hole along the Ind. lakefront near Mt Baldy in Michigan City.
Emergency crews were on the scene Friday in northern Indiana looking for a boy who fell into a hole in the sand near the Lake Michigan shoreline near Mount Baldy in Michigan City.

Officers at the Michigan City Police Department and the LaPorte County Sheriff's Office confirm to The Associated Press that an 8-year-old boy fell into a hole about 8 feet deep about 4:30 p.m. central time.

Michigan City police, fire and Department of Natural Resources used heavy equipment to find the child. WSBT reports the boy's family was moved from the scene to the beach around 6 p.m.

The boy was pulled from the sinkhole. No word in his condition.