Earth ChangesS

Better Earth

US: 10,000 Evacuated in North Dakota

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© Joana Roja/FlickrThe Souris (or Mouse) River is a small plains river that starts in Saskatchewan, Canada, and returns to Canada in Manitoba, flowing into the Assiniboine River. The Souris makes a deep U-shape as it meanders through North Dakota.
Residents flee rising Souris; Burlington braces for Des Lacs blast

An estimated 10,000 Minot residents began a hectic scramble Tuesday to move their belongings out of their homes and seek shelter elsewhere, while crews began an all-night effort to build new, secondary dikes throughout the city.

Many were told at noon Tuesday that they'd have to be out of their residences by dark. Others were given a deadline of today. Minot Mayor Curt Zimbelman made the announcement at City Hall.

"We have to take extreme measures. The water is on the ground now. We know what to expect. It's not a good situation," said Zimbelman.

Residents of all nine evacuations zones in Minot were told they would have to get out of harm's way as soon as possible. In the meantime the city officials, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers and the North Dakota National Guard continued to devise a plan on how to best defend Minot against what is on track to become the greatest flood in this city's history.

The Souris River has been testing the city's defenses all spring. Now, fueled by up to four inches of rain from Minot to Kenmare and beyond, the Des Lacs River is rolling and about to play a major role in the fate of many valley residents. The Des Lacs, which joins the Souris River at Burlington, was on pace Tuesday to seriously challenge its all-time top flow.

Bizarro Earth

Volcano Expert Fears We'll See a Super Eruption

Blast Radius
© The Extinction ProtocolBlast radius of a Yellowstone super-volcano eruption in the U.S.

Volcanologist Clive Oppenheimer yesterday warned there was a one-in-500 chance of the world being hit by a super- volcano this century.

The reader in vulcanology at Cambridge University told a Hay audience: "That might not sound like much, but it is a lot more likely than an asteroid impact.

"The events in Japan remind us that you can have a tsunami and earthquake and a nuclear plant there as well and you can have these chain reaction events that are actually quite calamitous and they are not unimaginable."

Examining geological, historical and archeological records, the expert took the audience on a journey back to three volcanic eruptions that have shaken the world - the 1815 Tambora volcano in Indonesia that killed 100,000 people, the 1783 eruption of Kaki in Iceland and the massive Toba eruption in indonesia that pumped 3,000 cubic km of magma into the atmosphere around 75,000 years ago, leaving behind a lake-filled crater in North Sumatra 100km long and 30km wide.

Bizarro Earth

US: More rain, snow, National Guard troops for Montana

Missouri river
© Associated PressRising water from the Missouri river laps up against sandbags placed around a home in Fort Pierre, S.D., on Sunday.
The governor of flood-plagued Montana ordered more National Guard troops to join the anti-flood effort, while states downstream along the bloated Missouri River strengthened levees and laid sandbags ahead of the release of waters from dams and reservoirs.

More rain fell Sunday on soaked Montana communities after more than a week of floods in the region, with the National Weather Service predicting up to 3 inches before it tapers off Monday. Previous storms brought as much as 8 inches to some areas of the state.

For the second straight weekend, forecasters blanketed much of the central and eastern regions of Montana with flood warnings.

Gov. Brian Schweitzer Sunday sent 36 National Guard soldiers to Roundup, a town northwest of Billings in central Montana that remained inundated by several feet of water for a fourth day.

Cloud Lightning

Tornado Myths Debunked

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© Don Kausler/The Birmingham News/Associated PressA funnel cloud approaches Tuscaloosa, Ala., where widespread damage and multiple deaths occurred from the storm on April 27.
It's been a bad year for tornadoes, no doubt about it. By the latest count, they've claimed more than 480 lives across the country, the most since 519 died in 1953 - decades before the advent of Doppler radar and early warning systems.

And no matter where twisters touch down - from Mapleton, Ia., to Joplin, Mo. - they leave a strange new reality in their wake. But reality has little to do with some of the ideas that have swirled up around them over the years. Here's a look at the most common myths and the truth behind them.

Binoculars

US: 1,600-plus Florida Beachgoers Stung by Jellyfish, County Officials Say

jellyfish
A swarm of purplish, stinging jellyfish is washed up on Cocoa Beach, Florida, on Saturday.
More than 1,600 people within a 10-mile stretch of central Florida's Atlantic beaches have been stung in the past week by a distinctive species of jellyfish not indigenous to North America, a rescue official said Tuesday.

Brevard County Ocean Rescue officials said they began flying warning flags at beaches from Cocoa Beach to Cape Canaveral last Tuesday, indicating either a medium or high hazard, along with another flag indicating dangerous marine life.

"From last Wednesday to Friday, we got about 600 reports. Saturday to (Tuesday), we got another thousand," Chief Jeff Scabarozi said.

Magic Hat

A collection of sinkhole images from around the world

sinkhole
Powerful thunderstorms and widespread flooding caused this sinkhole to open up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Sun

Warmest British Spring Since 1659

The London Eye
© ReutersThe London Eye rises above daffodils blooming in the sun in London.
It might come as a surprise to those who tried to hold a barbecue in the rain yesterday, but this spring has been the warmest since records began more than 350 years ago.

The average temperature since March for central England - the triangular area between London, Manchester and Bristol - was 50.58F (10.32C).

Weather statistics dating back to 1659 show the previous warmest spring was in 1893, the year that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle announced the death of Sherlock Holmes. The temperature then averaged 50.36F (10.2C).

Attention

A Rare Eclipse of the Midnight Sun

It sounds like an oxymoron: a solar eclipse at midnight.

According to NASA, it's about to happen.

"It might sound like a contradiction to have a solar eclipse in the middle of the night, but this is what we will see in northern Norway, Sweden and Finland on June 1st," says Knut Joergen Roed Oedegaard, an astrophysicist at the Norwegian Centre for Science Education in Oslo.

Midnight Eclipse
© NASAA previous "midnight Sun" eclipse photographed by Oddleiv Skilbrei in northern Sweden on July 31, 2000. The eclipse of June 1, 2011, will be more than twice as deep.
At this time of year, he explains, the sun doesn't set in Arctic parts of the world, so a solar eclipse is theoretically possible at all hours of the day. When the clock strikes local midnight in northern Norway at the end of June 1st, about half of the lingering sun will be covered by the Moon.

"The eclipse can also be seen from Siberia, northern China, remote parts of Alaska and Canada, and Iceland," writes Fred Espenak of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, where the eclipse circumstances were calculated. "Greatest eclipse occurs at 21:16 Universal Time on June 1st. At that time, an eclipse of magnitude 0.601 will be visible from the Arctic coast of western Siberia as the midnight sun skirts the northern horizon."

Info

And The Moon Is Eclipsed By The Earth

Lunar Eclipse
© Jason MajorThe Moon grows dark during a total lunar eclipse on December 21, 2010.
On June 15 there will be a total lunar eclipse visible from Australia, Indonesia, southern Japan, India, a large area of Asia, Africa, Europe and the eastern part of South America. This is expected to be one of the darkest eclipses ever (with a magnitude of 1.7), second only to the July 2000 eclipse.

Sadly it won't be visible to viewers in North America, but much of the rest of the world should be treated to a wonderful show as the Moon slips into Earth's shadow. Gradually growing darker from its western limb inwards, the Moon then gains a bluish cast which transitions to orange then deep red as it moves into light passing through the edge of Earth's atmosphere (the same as what makes the colors of a sunset) and then eventually going almost completely dark before the process then reverses itself from the opposite side.

The entire eclipse will last 5 hours and 39 minutes, with a totality duration of 1 hour and 40 minutes. It will begin at 17:23 UT.

Bizarro Earth

800-Mile-Wide Hot Anomaly Found Under Seafloor off Hawaii

Hot lava spills into the sea
© Patrick McFeeley, National GeographicHot lava spills into the sea from under a hardened lava crust on the Big Island of Hawaii.
Hawaii's traditional birth story - that the volcanic islands were, and are, fueled by a hot-rock plume running directly to Earth's scorching core - could be toast, a new study hints.

(See pictures of a recent eruption Hawaii's Kilauea volcano.)

Scientists say they've found solid evidence of a giant mass of hot rock under the seafloor in the region. But it's not a plume running straight from the core to the surface - and it's hundreds of miles west of the nearest Hawaiian island.

Until now, the researchers say, good seismic data on the region has been scarce, so it was tough to question the traditional explanation: that a stream of hot rock directly from around Earth's core formed the 3,100-mile-long (5,000-kilometer-long) chain of islands and undersea mountains in the Pacific Ocean.