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Computer scientists take over electronic voting machine with new programming technique

Voting machines must remain secure throughout their entire service lifetime, and this study demonstrates how a relatively new programming technique can be used to take control of a voting machine that was designed to resist takeover.

Computer scientists demonstrated that criminals could hack an electronic voting machine and steal votes using a malicious programming approach that had not been invented when the voting machine was designed. The team of scientists from University of California, San Diego, the University of Michigan, and Princeton University employed "return-oriented programming" to force a Sequoia AVC Advantage electronic voting machine to turn against itself and steal votes.

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Tiny 'MEMS' devices to filter, amplify electronic signals

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© (Purdue News Service photo/Andrew Hancock)Jeffrey Rhoads, a Purdue assistant professor of mechanical engineering, and graduate student Venkata Bharadwaj Chivukula use equipment called a vacuum probe station in research to develop a new class of tiny mechanical devices.
West Lafayette, Ind. -Researchers are developing a new class of tiny mechanical devices containing vibrating, hair-thin structures that could be used to filter electronic signals in cell phones and for other more exotic applications.

Because the devices, called resonators, vibrate in specific patterns, they are able to cancel out signals having certain frequencies and allow others to pass. The result is a new type of "band-pass" filter, a component commonly used in electronics to permit some signals to pass through a cell phone's circuitry while blocking others, said Jeffrey Rhoads, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Purdue University.

Such filters are critical for cell phones and other portable electronics because they allow devices to process signals with minimal interference and maximum transmission efficiency. The new technology represents a potential way to further miniaturize band-pass filters while improving their performance and reducing power use, Rhoads said.

Meteor

Something went through Saturn's ring - like the fist of an angry god

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© NASA
Cassini image of something punching through Saturnโ€™s F ring
Deep in the outer realms of our solar system, well over a billion kilometers away, something bizarre happened at Saturn's F ring.

I mean, seriously: what the hell happened here?

This is one of the latest pictures returned from the remarkable human achievement that is the Cassini spacecraft, a probe the size of a school bus that has been orbiting the ringed planet since 2004. It's returned one incredible picture after another, and lately - as Saturn's orbit has brought it to a point where the rings are nearly edge-on to the Sun - things have gotten not only spectacular but also really weird.

The rings are incredibly thin, only a few meters in thickness despite being hundreds of thousands of kilometers across. Over the past few months, as the Sun shines almost straight into the rings (instead of down on them), every bump and irregularity sticks out like, well, like a tree in the desert. Weird gravitational effects from Saturn's fleet of moons tune and resonate the countless particles making up the rings, creating beautiful waves and ripples.

But this, this is something new.

Comment: Perhaps, if it doesn't come smashing on top of your head.


Attention

Brain radiotherapy affects mind

Radiotherapy
© SPL/BBCRadiotherapy is a common treatment for brain tumours
Radiotherapy used to treat brain tumours may lead to a decline in mental function many years down the line, say Dutch researchers.

A study of 65 patients, 12 years after they were treated, found those who had radiotherapy were more likely to have problems with memory and attention.

Writing in The Lancet Neurology, the researchers said doctors should hold off using radiotherapy where possible.

One UK expert said doctors were cautious about using radiotherapy.

The patients in the study all had a form of brain tumour called a low-grade glioma - one of the most common types of brain tumour.

In these cases radiotherapy is commonly given after initial surgery to remove the tumour, but there is some debate about whether this should be done immediately or used only if the cancer returns.

Laptop

The Flow of Viral Video - Information Spreads Like a Viral Epidemic

Veuve Cliquot
French champagne house Veuve Cliquot was a victim of an e-mail hoax that promised readers a case of champagne for forwarding a message. Researchers who study networks have shed some light on why the hoax spread so quickly.
Why do some rumors spread like wildfire but burn out quickly, while others seem to smolder for years?

According to recently published physics research, it's all in the different ways people handle information.

Take the Web page of French champagne house Veuve Cliquot, for example. It features quite a cordial warning.

"Dear websurfer, A promotional deal is currently on the Net regarding a free offer of a case of 6 bottles of Veuve Cliquot champagne. This is a hoax, totally beyond our control ... We strongly condemn the author of this hoax and hope that it will end."

The warning refers to an email hoax that promised readers the case of champagne for forwarding the message, ostensibly as a reward for helping expand the company's email database. It's been circulating for more than four years. The disclaimer was added to the site over two years ago.

Powertool

Flashback New York's Gas Rush Poses Environmental Threat

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© Lori ZunnoOwners of this state-protected wetland near Oxford, N.Y. learned that a water services company was withdrawing water for use in a nearby gas drilling operation. New York does not uniformly regulate water withdrawals for industrial use and does not have a comprehensive plan to provide the millions of gallons of water needed for proposed drilling of the Marcellus Shale
On May 29 New York state's top environmental officials assured state lawmakers that plans to drill for natural gas near the watershed that supplies New York City's drinking water posed little danger.

A survey of other states had found "not one instance of drinking water contamination " from the water-intensive, horizontal drilling that would take place across New York's southern tier, the officials told lawmakers in Albany.

Reassured, the legislature quickly approved a bill to speed up the permitting process for a huge influx of wells that could bring the state upwards of $1 billion in annual revenue. Gov. David Paterson has until Wednesday to decide whether he will sign the bill, and the state's Department of Environmental Conservation, or DEC, says drilling permits could be approved in as little as 12 weeks.

But a joint investigation by ProPublica and New York City public radio station WNYC found that this type of drilling has caused significant environmental harm in other states and could affect the watershed that supplies New York City's drinking water.

In New Mexico, oil and gas drilling that uses waste pits comparable to those planned for New York has already caused toxic chemicals to leach into the water table at some 800 sites. Colorado has reported more than 300 spills affecting its ground water.

DEC officials told ProPublica and WNYC they were not aware of those incidents, even though some of the information could have been found through a rudimentary Internet search. The officials couldn't say for sure how New York would dispose of the millions of gallons of hazardous fluids that are byproducts of this type of drilling, and they learned only recently that the new drilling techniques would pump trace amounts of toxic chemicals into the ground. Four days after one interview, the DEC drafted a letter to the drilling companies, asking for detailed information about the type and amount of chemicals they will use.

Saturn

Something punching through Saturn's F ring captured on film

Image
Deep in the outer realms of our solar system, well over a billion kilometers away, something bizarre happened at Saturn's F ring.

I mean, seriously: what the hell happened here?

This is one of the latest pictures returned from the remarkable human achievement that is the Cassini spacecraft, a probe the size of a school bus that has been orbiting the ringed planet since 2004. It's returned one incredible picture after another, and lately - as Saturn's orbit has brought it to a point where the rings are nearly edge-on to the Sun - things have gotten not only spectacular but also really weird.

Telescope

China To Finish High-Res Topographic Lunar Map By September

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© Chang'e-1In November 2008, China created the country's first full map of the lunar surface with the image data captured by the satellite-born camera on Chang'e-1.
China will complete a 3D topographic map of the moon by the end of September, according to a chief designer with the project on Wednesday, calling the map the "clearest" in the world.

"Currently, most of the lunar topographic maps were made by data acquired by laser altimeter instruments. With the large amount of highly-detailed images taken by Chang'e-1, the map we are making will be of the highest resolution in the world," Li Chunlai, chief designer of the ground application system with the project, told Xinhua.

Chang'e-1 acquired more than 9 million pieces of valid elevation data, which enabled the country's scientists to make a topographic map with 3-kilometer resolution per pixel, said Li, also a senior official with the National Astronomical Observatories under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Battery

Virtual computer army takes on the botnets

More than 1 million virtual computers are set to provide insight into how networks of infected computers called botnets wreak havoc on the internet, as the Conficker worm did recently.

Ron Minnich and Don Rudish of Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, California, crammed 250 independent linux "kernels" - the core system of a computer - onto each of 4400 networked Thunderbird machines, creating a total of over 1.1 million individual virtual computers.

Info

Skin growths saved poisoned Ukrainian president

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© AFP / GettyDetoxifying organ
Benign skin growths that erupted on the face of Ukrainian president Victor Yushchenko helped save his life after he was poisoned with dioxin five years ago.

That's the verdict of doctors who have treated and monitored Yushchenko since an unknown assassin made the attempt on his life by lacing his soup with dioxin during a dinner in Kiev on 5 September 2004.

It now turns out that the lumps that grew on his face and body as a result probably saved his life by isolating the dioxin away from his vital, internal organs. They also helped to detoxify the poison, known chemically as TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlrodibenzo-p-dioxin), by producing powerful enzymes called cytochrome p450s that are normally confined to the liver.