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Question

Mystery malady kills more bees, heightening worry on farms

CCD
© Jim Wilson/The New York TimesA Disastrous Year for Bees: For America’s beekeepers, who have struggled for nearly a decade with a mysterious malady called colony collapse disorder that kills honeybees en masse, the last year was particularly bad.
Bakersfield, California - A mysterious malady that has been killing honeybees en masse for several years appears to have expanded drastically in the last year, commercial beekeepers say, wiping out 40 percent or even 50 percent of the hives needed to pollinate many of the nation's fruits and vegetables.

A conclusive explanation so far has escaped scientists studying the ailment, colony collapse disorder, since it first surfaced around 2005. But beekeepers and some researchers say there is growing evidence that a powerful new class of pesticides known as neonicotinoids, incorporated into the plants themselves, could be an important factor.

The pesticide industry disputes that. But its representatives also say they are open to further studies to clarify what, if anything, is happening.

"They looked so healthy last spring," said Bill Dahle, 50, who owns Big Sky Honey in Fairview, Mont. "We were so proud of them. Then, about the first of September, they started to fall on their face, to die like crazy. We've been doing this 30 years, and we've never experienced this kind of loss before."

Info

Rare Chinese porpoises dive toward extinction

Dead Porpoise
© Xu DianboA Yangtze finless porpoise found in Dongting lake, China on April 15 2012.
Giant pandas have become China's poster child for endangered species, but now another iconic animal in the country can claim to be ever rarer than the bears.

There are just 1,000 individual Yangtze finless porpoises left in the wild, according to a new report. That's less than half of what a similar survey of the porpoises found six years ago.

The rapidly dwindling numbers have conservationists worried that the species could vanish from the wild as early as 2025.

"The species is moving fast toward its extinction," said Wang Ding, head of the expedition to count the porpoises and a professor at the Institute of Hydrobiology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Yangtze finless porpoises, the only freshwater finless porpoise in the world, live mainly in the Yangtze River and China's Dongting and Poyang lakes. They are threatened by shrinking food resources and manmade disturbances like shipping traffic.

Red Flag

Madagascar hit by locust plague

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© SAMUEL ARANDA AFP/Getty ImagesSwarms of locusts in the Canaries.
A severe plague of locusts has landed in about half of Madagascar, threatening crops and creating concern over food shortages.

According to the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the billions of insects could cause hunger for 60 percent of the country's population.

The FAO called for $41 million to fight the plague, with the first installment of $22 million required by June. Another $19 million will be needed for a three-year strategy.

Bizarro Earth

This grieving dolphin carrying her dead calf has us stunned


Whale watchers on Captain Dave's Dolphin and Whale Watching Safari out of Dana Point in California had one of the most heart-breaking dolphin encounters in recent memory. As a pod of dolphins swam by the boat, Captain Dave Anderson spotted an adult dolphin carrying a deceased calf on her back.

"I believe this calf has been dead for many days, possibly weeks," he notes. "In my nearly twenty years on the water whale-watching I have never seen this behavior. Nor have I ever seen anything quite as moving as this mother who refuses to let go of her poor calf." Oof. Hits us right in the feel-spots.

Source

Bizarro Earth

100 pelicans found dead in Brevard County; cause unknown

Pelican
© flickr|Dallas Krentzel

About 100 brown pelicans have been found dead in Brevard County in the past two months and officials are not sure why, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission said.

The birds are found emaciated and filled with parasites.

"The pelicans are emaciated and have heavy parasite counts, and, to our knowledge, other bird species have not been affected," said FWC researcher Dan Wolf in a press release.

Researchers are assessing the birds to figure out what is going on. They sent samples to the National Wildlife Health Center for testing but have not yet heard back.

Additional testing will tell researchers whether botulism is the cause. According to officials, botulism is sometimes the cause of die-offs like this.

But botulism usually kills birds too quickly for them to become emaciated.

People should report any dead or sick pelicans online at MyFWC.com/Bird or by calling the FWC's Wildlife Alert Hotline at 888-404-3922.

Bizarro Earth

Elephant seal blocks traffic in Brazil

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A 10ft elephant seal weighing more than half a ton shuffles across a street in a southern Brazilian town, to the amazement of passersby. The marine mammal held up traffic for more then an hour on the main street of Balneário Camboriú. Police and fire officers splashed water on the seal to keep it wet before it eventually returned to the Atlantic.


Bizarro Earth

More weirdness - Thousands of dead prawns and crabs wash up on beach in Chile

Thousands of dead prawns have washed up on a beach in Chile, sparking an investigation. Hundreds of dead crabs were also washed ashore in Coronel city, about 530km (330 miles) from the capital, Santiago.


Fishermen suggested the deaths may have been caused by local power stations that use seawater as a cooling agent. The power firms have not commented. Experts are looking into water temperature and oxygen levels and other details to explain the deaths.

"We're investigating the Coronel Bay to establish the physical parameters of temperature, electric conductivity and, above all, the oxygen," said local environment official Victor Casanova.

Stop

White nose syndrome: the mysterious bat fungus that threatens entire species, everyone else

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© Unknown
We know what it is. We know what it does. We have an idea of how it's being spread. Despite a large number of concerned scientists focused on white nose syndrome (WNS), the bat fungus that is spreading rapidly and that has a 95% mortality rate, we still don't know how it started, how to slow its spread, and how to cure it.

Bats are not normally considered essential parts of the ecosystem, but they are an integral part in balancing the natural infrastructure of the world, particularly in insect population control. Areas where the bats have been hit by WNS have noted a measurable increase in insects, including those that are damaging to crops.

Here's what we know. A white fungus grows on the face and wings of bats as they hibernate in lower temperatures. This stirs the bats and makes them active prematurely. As a result of increased activity during times of limited food supply, they die. Estimates are conservative placing the deaths of bats in North America at around 6 million since it was first noted in 2006.

The spread is continuing. It starts in caves and spreads throughout them where tens of thousands of bats may be hibernating. It then spreads bat to bat, infecting other caves as a result. From Canada to Alabama and from the east coast to the Mississippi river, more bat caves are being infected every month.

Butterfly

Mexico monarch butterfly population smallest in years, study says

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© Marjorie Miller, Associated PressA scientist collects a monarch butterfly near Zitacuaro, Mexico
The amount of land occupied by the migrating creatures shrank 59% from a year ago, scientists say. The decline could hurt tourism and the ecosystem.

Scientists who take the annual measure of Mexican forestland famously occupied by migrating monarch butterflies said Wednesday that the butterfly population is the smallest they have seen in two decades.

The likely cause is unseasonably warm weather recently in the United States, as well as a dramatic loss of habitat in the U.S. Corn Belt, the scientists said.

In a survey carried out in December and January, researchers found nine monarch colonies wintering in central Mexico, occupying a total of 1.19 hectares, or 2.94 acres, a 59% decrease compared with the previous year's study.

It was troubling news for the Mexican states of Michoacan and Mexico, where the yearly arrival of the butterflies is a major tourist attraction. Of even greater concern, experts say, is the potential impact that a diminished butterfly population could have on interconnected habitats and species across North America.

The results were released by the World Wildlife Fund, the Mexican government and giant Mexican cellphone company Telcel, which has supported butterfly habitat conservation.

Attention

Giant mosquito invasion scares Florida

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© Image credit University of FloridaEntomologist Phil Kaufman shows the size difference between the invasive Asian tiger mosquito, right, and the native species Psorophora ciliata, sometimes called the gallinipper
You might want to think twice about your beach vacation this year: giant mosquitoes are expected to invade Florida this summer. The insects are 20 times larger than most other mosquitoes and their bites feel like stab wounds.

They attack fish, wild animals and pets. Their larvae are so ferocious they can eat small fish and tadpoles. With bodies the size of a quarter, the giant insects can bite through clothing and are known to attack at all times of the day.

"It feels like you're being stabbed," one Florida resident told Fox Orlando, describing the bites of the gallinipper mosquitoes. And these massive mosquitoes are predicted to plague Florida this summer.

The giant insects usually appear after significant rainstorms or floods. Florida already had a high number of gallinippers last year, and is anticipating even higher numbers this year. After Tropical Storm Debby produced torrential storms and dumped more than 20 inches of rain across some areas of Florida last June, the state's gallinipper mosquitoes were given the perfect breeding ground to lay their eggs. The massive bloodsuckers are expected to hatch in the Sunshine State this year, plaguing their victims with itchy and painful bites.