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We have all heard what too much CO2 can lead to, but so far the biosphere have never been exposed to too low levels of CO2. But what if it did? And please, this topic has nothing to do with the ongoing discussion about global warming. We are talking about the last ice age and a hypothetical scenario where the terrestrial flora and fauna would have suffered because of too little CO2.The climate change crazy train is gathering speed:
Apparently the agricultural revolution happened 11,000 year ago all over the world because of increased levels. Pre-industrial levels are said to have been 280 ppm.
Aerobic plants have three types of photosynthesis. C3, C4 and CAM. The original and most common type is C3. C4 and CAM have evolved to deal better with heat, drought and lower levels of CO2. C4 is a little better than CAM in that regard.
Some quotes found on the net:"Studies have shown that the average biomass production of modern C3 plants is reduced by approximately 50% when grown at low (180-220 ppm) CO2, when other conditions are optimal ... (The abortion of all flower buds) suggested that 150 ppm CO2 may be near the threshold for successful completion of the life cycle in some C3 species." "Although some C3 plants like palm trees can cope with a combination of high oxygen levels and warmer, sunnier, and dryer conditions, most C3 plants can lose efficiency in productivity of up to 40% in warm, sunny, and dry conditions." (But less CO2 means more stomata, and the more stomata, the more water loss)
"About 85% of all plant species are C3. All trees, fruits, vegetables, and most food crops are C3. The only C4 food crop exceptions are maise, millet, sorghum, and sugarcane. On average, at 150ppm the primary C3 plant productivity was reduced an average 92% as measured by dry weight biomass. During glacial periods land ecosystems have much lower productivity."


Comment: ESG stands for "Environmental, Social, Governance" and measures just how woke a corporation's policies are. A big chunk of the rating is based on having a woke member or two installed on the board of the corporation and employing a DEI officer. Getting kicked out of the S&P 500 ESG index is a big deal, as the many ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds intended to mirror the performance of a given index and in which many investors participate).
On top of that is added the execrable Corporate Equality Index (CEI) scores which are also supposed to measure a corporation's wokeness level:
Chick-fil-A is dependent, like nearly every major corporation, on its relationship with investment institutions. A low ESG and/or CEI score currently can damage or completely cut off those services. It's social engineering by blackmail, and damn what the customers might think.