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Yassir
Arafat
1929-2004
Mohammed Abdel-Raouf Arafat
As Qudwa al-Hussaeini was born on 24 August 1929 in Cairo**, his
father a textile merchant who was a Palestinian with some Egyptian
ancestry, his mother from an old Palestinian family in Jerusalem.
She died when Yasir, as he was called, was five years old, and he
was sent to live with his maternal uncle in Jerusalem, the capital
of Palestine, then under British rule, which the Palestinians were
opposing.
He has revealed little about his childhood, but one of his earliest
memories is of British soldiers breaking into his uncle's house
after midnight, beating members of the family and smashing furniture.
After four years in Jerusalem, his father brought him back to Cairo,
where an older sister took care of him and his siblings. Arafat
never mentions his father, who was not close to his children. Arafat
did not attend his father's funeral in 1952.
In Cairo, before he was seventeen Arafat was smuggling arms to
Palestine to be used against the British and the Jews. At nineteen,
during the war between the Jews and the Arab states, Arafat left
his studies at the University of Faud I (later Cairo University)
to fight against the Jews in the Gaza area.
The defeat of the Arabs and the establishment of the state of Israel
left him in such despair that he applied for a visa to study at
the University of Texas. Recovering his spirits and retaining his
dream of an independent Palestinian homeland, he returned to Faud
University to major in engineering but spent most of his time as
leader of the Palestinian students.
He did manage to get his degree in 1956, worked briefly in Egypt,
then resettled in Kuwait, first being employed in the department
of public works, next successfully running his own contracting firm.
He spent all his spare time in political activities, to which he
contributed most of the profits.
In 1958 he and his friends founded Al-Fatah, an underground network
of secret cells, which in 1959 began to publish a magazine advocating
armed struggle against Israel. At the end of 1964 Arafat left Kuwait
to become a full-time revolutionary, organising Fatah raids into
Israel from Jordan.
It was also in 1964 that the Palestine Liberation Organisation
(PLO) was established, under the sponsorship of the Arab League,
bringing together a number of groups all working to free Palestine
for the Palestinians. The Arab states favoured a more conciliatory
policy than Fatah's, but after their defeat by Israel in the 1967
Six-Day War, Fatah emerged from the underground as the most powerful
and best organised of the groups making up the PLO, took over that
organisation in 1969 when Arafat became the chairman of the PLO
executive committee. The PLO was no longer to be something of a
puppet organisation of the Arab states, wanting to keep the Palestinians
quiet, but an independent nationalist organisation, based in Jordan.
Arafat developed the PLO into a state within the state of Jordan
with its own military forces. King Hussein of Jordan, disturbed
by its guerrilla attacks on Israel and other violent methods, eventually
expelled the PLO from his country. Arafat sought to build a similar
organisation in Lebanon, but this time was driven out by an Israeli
military invasion. He kept the organization alive, however, by moving
its headquarters to Tunis.
He was a survivor himself, escaping death in an airplane crash,
surviving any assassination attempts by Israeli intelligence agencies,
and recovering from a serious stroke. His life was one of constant
travel, moving from country to country to promote the Palestinian
cause, always keeping his movements secret, as he did any details
about his private life. Even his marriage to Suha Tawil, a Palestinian
half his age, was kept secret for some fifteen months. She had already
begun significant humanitarian activities at home, especially for
disabled children, but the prominent part she took in the public
events in Oslo was a surprise for many Arafat-watchers. Since then,
their daughter, Zahwa, named after Arafat's mother, has been born.
The period after the expulsion from Lebanon was a low time for
Arafat and the PLO. Then the intifada (shaking) protest movement
strengthened Arafat by directing world attention to the difficult
plight of the Palestinians.
In 1988 came a change of policy. In a speech at a special United
Nations session held in Geneva, Switzerland, Arafat declared that
the PLO renounced terrorism and supported "the right of all parties
concerned in the Middle East conflict to live in peace and security,
including the state of Palestine, Israel and other neighbours".
The prospects for a peace agreement with Israel now brightened.
After a setback when the PLO supported Iraq in the Persian Gulf
War of 1991, the peace process began in earnest, leading to the
Oslo Accords of 1993. This agreement included provision for the
Palestinian elections which took place in early 1996, and Arafat
was elected President of the Palestine Authority.[...]
When the right-wing government of Benjamin Netanyahu came to power
in Israel in 1996, the peace process slowed down considerably. [...]
Since there is no biographical description of Yasser Arafat in
Les Prix Nobel for 1994, this account was written by the editor
of Nobel Lectures, Peace 1991-1995, published by World Scientific
Publishing Co. From Nobel Lectures, Peace 1991-1995, Editor Irwin
Abrams, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 1999
This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award
and later published in the book series Les Prix Nobel/Nobel Lectures.
The information is sometimes updated with an addendum submitted
by the Laureate.
** The place of Arafat's birth is disputed. Besides Cairo, other
sources mention Jerusalem and Gaza as his birthplace. |
As the periodic bloodshed continues
in the Middle East, the search for an equitable solution must come
to grips with the root cause of the conflict. The conventional wisdom
is that, even if both sides are at fault, the Palestinians are irrational
"terrorists" who have no point of view worth listening to. Our position,
however, is that the Palestinians have a real grievance: their homeland
for over a thousand years was taken, without their consent and mostly
by force, during the creation of the state of Israel. And all subsequent
crimes - on both sides - inevitably follow from this original injustice.
[...]
The standard Zionist position is that they showed up in Palestine
in the late 19th century to reclaim their ancestral homeland. Jews
bought land and started building up the Jewish community there.
They were met with increasingly violent opposition from the Palestinian
Arabs, presumably stemming from the Arabs' inherent anti-Semitism.
The Zionists were then forced to defend themselves and, in one form
or another, this same situation continues up to today. [...]
What really happened was that the Zionist movement, from the beginning,
looked forward to a practically complete dispossession of the indigenous
Arab population so that Israel could be a wholly Jewish state, or
as much as was possible. Land bought by the Jewish National Fund
was held in the name of the Jewish people and could never be sold
or even leased back to Arabs (a situation which continues to the
present).
The Arab community, as it became increasingly aware of the Zionists'
intentions, strenuously opposed further Jewish immigration and land
buying because it posed a real and imminent danger to the very existence
of Arab society in Palestine. Because of this opposition, the entire
Zionist project never could have been realized without the military
backing of the British. The vast majority of the population of Palestine,
by the way, had been Arabic since the seventh century A.D. (Over
1200 years)
In short, Zionism was based on a faulty, colonialist world view
that the rights of the indigenous inhabitants didn't matter. The
Arabs' opposition to Zionism wasn't based on anti-Semitism but rather
on a totally reasonable fear of the dispossession of their people.
One further point: being Jewish ourselves, the position we present
here is critical of Zionism but is in no way anti-Semitic. We do
not believe that the Jews acted worse than any other group might
have acted in their situation. The Zionists (who were a distinct
minority of the Jewish people until after WWII) had an understandable
desire to establish a place where Jews could be masters of their
own fate, given the bleak history of Jewish oppression. Especially
as the danger to European Jewry crystalized in the late 1930's and
after, the actions of the Zionists were propelled by real desperation.
But so were the actions of the Arabs. The mythic "land without
people for a people without land" was already home to 700,000 Palestinians
in 1919. This is the root of the problem, as we shall see. [...]
We hear lots about Palestinian terrorism. How about the Israeli
record?
"The record of Israeli terrorism goes back to the origins of the
state - indeed, long before - including the massacre of 250 civilians
and brutal expulsion of seventy thousand others from Lydda and Ramle
in July 1948; the massacre of hundreds of others at the undefended
village of Doueimah near Hebron in October 1948;...the slaughters
in Quibya, Kafr Kassem, and a string of other assassinated villages;
the expulsion of thousands of Bedouins from the demilitarized zones
shortly after the 1948 war and thousands more from northeastern
Sinai in the early 1970's, their villages destroyed, to open the
region for Jewish settlement; and on, and on." Noam Chomsky, "Blaming
The Victims," ed. Said and Hitchens.
"However much one laments and even wishes somehow to atone for
the loss of life and suffering visited upon innocents because of
Palestinian violence, there is still the need, I think, also to
say that no national movement has been so unfairly penalized, defamed,
and subjected to disproportionate retaliation for its sins as has
the Palestinian.
The Israeli policy of punitive counterattacks (or state terrorism)
seems to be to try to kill anywhere from 50 to 100 Arabs for every
Jewish fatality. The devastation of Lebanese refugee camps, hospitals,
schools, mosques, churches, and orphanages; the summary arrests,
deportations, house destructions, maimings, and torture of Palestinians
on the West Bank and Gaza. These, and the number of Palestinian
fatalities, the scale of material loss, the physical, political
and psychological deprivations, have tremendously exceeded the damage
done by Palestinians to Israelis." Edward Said, "The Question of
Palestine."
The U.S. Government and media bias on terrorism in the Middle
East
"It is simply extraordinary and without precedent that Israel's
history, its record - from the fact that it..is a state built on
conquest, that it has invaded surrounding countries, bombed and
destroyed at will, to the fact that it currently occupies Lebanese,
Syrian, and Palestinian territory against international law - is
simply never cited, never subjected to scrutiny in the U.S. media
or in official discourse...never addressed as playing any role at
all in provoking 'Islamic terror.'" Edward Said in "The Progressive."
May 30, 1996.
"Albert Einstein - "'I should much rather see reasonable agreement
with the Arabs on the basis of living together in peace than the
creation of a Jewish State. Apart from practical considerations,
my awareness of the essential nature of Judaism resists the idea
of a Jewish State,with borders, an army, and a measure of temporal
power, no matter how modest. I am afraid of the inner damage Judaism
will sustain'...
"Professor Erich Fromm, a noted Jewish writer and thinker, [stated]...'In
general international law, the principle holds true that no citizen
loses his property or his rights of citizenship; and the citizenship
right is de facto a right to which the Arabs in Israel have much
more legitimacy than the Jews. Just because the Arabs fled? Since
when is that punishable by confiscation of property, and by being
barred from returning to the land on which a people's forefathers
have lived for generations? Thus, the claim of the Jews to the land
of Israel cannot be a realistic claim. If all nations would suddenly
claim territory in which their forefathers had lived two thousand
years ago, this world would be a madhouse...I believe that, politically
speaking, there is only one solution for Israel, namely, the unilateral
acknowledgement of the obligation of the State towards the Arabs
- not to use it as a bargaining point, but to acknowledge the complete
moral obligation of the Israeli State to its former inhabitants
of Palestine'...
"Nathan Chofshi - 'Only an internal revolution can have the power
to heal our people of their murderous sickness of causeless hatred...It
is bound to bring complete ruin upon us. Only then will the old
and young in our land realize how great was our responsibility to
those miserable Arab refugees in whose towns we have settled Jews
who were brought here from afar; whose homes we have inherited,
whose fields we now sow and harvest; the fruits of whose gardens,
orchards and vineyards we gather; and in whose cities that we robbed
we put up houses of education, charity, and prayer, while we babble
and rave about being the "People of the Book" and the "light of
the nations"'...
"In an article published in the Washington Post of 3 October 1978,
Rabbi Hirsch (of Jerusalem) is reported to have declared: 'The 12th
principle of our faith, I believe, is that the Messiah will gather
the Jewish exiled who are dispersed throughout the nations of the
world. Zionism is diametrically opposed to Judaism. Zionism wishes
to define the Jewish people as a nationalistic entity. The Zionists
say, in effect, 'Look here, God. We do not like exile. Take us back,
and if you don't, we'll just roll up our sleeves and take ourselves
back.' 'The Rabbi continues: 'This, of course, is heresy. The Jewish
people are charged by Divine oath not to force themselves back to
the Holy Land against the wishes of those residing there.'" Sami
Hadawi, "Bitter Harvest."
"A Jewish Home in Palestine built up on bayonets and oppression
[is] not worth having, even though it succeed, whereas the very
attempt to build it up peacefully, cooperatively, with understanding,
education, and good will, [is] worth a great deal even though the
attempt should fail." Rabbi Judah L. Magnes, first president of
the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, quoted in "Like All The Nations?",
ed. Brinner & Rischin. [...]
"Since the 1980's,.....Israeli scholars [have] concurred with their
Palestinian counterparts that Zionism was...carried out as a pure
colonialist act against the local population: a mixture of exploitation
and expropriation...
"They were motivated to present a revisionist point of view to
a large extent by the declassification of relevant archival material
in Israel, Britain and the United States. [For example,]...
Challenging the Myth of Annihilation - The new historiographical
picture is a fundamental challenge to the official history that
says the Jewish community faced possible annihilation on the eve
of the 1948 war. Archival documents expose a fragmented Arab world
wrought by dismay and confusion and a Palestinian community that
possessed no military ability with which to frighten the Jews...
The Jewish military advantage was translated into an act of mass
expulsion of more than half of the Palestinian population. The Israeli
forces, apart from rare exceptions, expelled the Palestinians from
every village and town they occupied. In some cases, this expulsion
was accompanied by massacres [of civilians] as was the case in Lydda,
Ramleh, Dawimiyya, Sa'sa, Ein Zietun and other places. Expulsion
also was accompanied by rape, looting and confiscation [of Palestinian
land and property]...
The Myth of Arab Intransigence - [The U.N.] convened a peace conference
in Lausanne, Switzerland in the spring of 1949. Before the conference,
the U.N. General Assembly adopted a resolution that in effect replaced
the November 1947 partition resolution. This new resolution, Resolution
194 of December 11, 1948, accepted [U.N. Mediator] Bernadotte's
triangular basis for a comprehensive peace: an unconditional return
of all the refugees to their homes, the internationalization of
Jerusalem, and the partitioning of Palestine into two states.
This time, several Arab states and various representatives of the
Palestinians accepted this as a basis for negotiations, as did the
United States, which was running the show at Lausanne...
Prime Minister David Ben Gurion strongly opposed any peace negotiations
along these lines...The only reason he was willing to allow Israel
to participate in the peace conference was his fear of an angry
American reaction...
The road to peace was not taken due to Israeli, not Arab, intransigence.
Conclusions - The new Israeli historians...wish to rectify what
their research reveals as past evils...There was a high price exacted
in creating a Jewish state in Palestine. And there were victims,
the plight of whom still fuels the fire of conflict in Palestine."
Israeli historian, Ilan Pappe in "The Link", January, 1998.
"It is no longer my country" "For me, this business called the
state of Israel is finished...I can't bear to see it anymore, the
injustice that is done to the Arabs, to the Beduins. All kinds of
scum coming from America and as soon as they get off the plane taking
over lands in the territories and claiming it for their own...I
can't do anything to change it. I can only go away and let the whole
lot go to hell without me." Israeli actress (and household name)
Rivka Mitchell, quoted in Israeli peace movement periodical, "The
Other Israel", August 1998. [...]
Israel has sought peace with its Arab neighbor states but has
steadfastly refused to negotiate with Palestinians directly, until
the last few years. Why?
"My friend, take care. When you recognize the concept of 'Palestine',
you demolish your right to live in Ein Hahoresh. If this is Palestine
and not the Land of Israel, then you are conquerors and not tillers
of the land. You are invaders. If this is Palestine, then it belongs
to a people who have lived here before you came. Only if it is the
Land of Israel do you have a right to live in Ein Hahoresh and in
Deganiyah B. If it is not your country, your fatherland, the country
of your ancestors and of your sons, then what are you doing here?
You came to another people's homeland, as they claim, you expelled
them and you have taken their land." Menahem Begin, quoted in Noam
Chomsky's "Peace in the Middle East?" [...]
"Why should the Arabs make peace? If I was an Arab leader, I would
never make terms with Israel. That is natural: we have taken their
country. Sure, God promised it to us, but what does that matter
to them? Our God is not theirs, We come from Israel, it's true,
but two thousand years ago, and what is that to them? There has
been anti-Semitism, the Nazis, Hitler, Auschwitz, but was that their
fault? They only see one thing: we came here and stole their country.
Why should they accept that?" David Ben-Gurion, quoted in "The Jewish
Paradox" by Nathan Goldman, former president of the World Jewish
Congress. [...]
"Before [the Palestinians] very eyes we are possessing the land
and the villages where they, and their ancestors, have lived...We
are the generation of colonizers, and without the steel helmet and
the gun barrel we cannot plant a tree and build a home." Israeli
leader Moshe Dayan, quoted in Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi, "Original
Sins: Reflections on the History of Zionism and Israel" [...]
"In June 1982 Israel again invaded Lebanon, and it used aerial
bombardment to destroy entire camps of Palestinian Arab refugees,
By these means Israel killed 20,000 persons, mostly civilians...Israel
claimed self-defense for its invasion, but the lack of PLO attacks
into Israel during the previous year made that claim dubious...The
[UN] Security Council demanded 'that Israel withdraw all its military
forces forthwith and unconditionally to the internationally recognized
boundaries of Lebanon'... [...]
"Amnesty International also observed that, when brought to trial,
most Palestinian detainees arrested for 'terrorist' offenses and
tortured by the Shin Bet (General Security Services) 'have been
accused of offenses such as membership in unlawful associations
or throwing stones. They have also included prisoners of conscience
such as people arrested solely for raising a flag.' On a related
point, Haaretz columnist B. Michael noted that there wasn't a single
recorded case in which the Shin Bet's use of torture was prompted
by a 'ticking bomb' scenario: 'In every instance of a Palestinian
lodging formal complaint about torture, the Shin Bet justified its
use in order to extract a confession about something that had already
happened, not about something that was about to happen.'" Norman
Finkelstein, "The Rise and Fall of Palestine." [...]
"There is clearly no need to justify the Zionist dream, the desire
for relief from Jewish suffering...The trouble with Zionism starts
when it lands, so to speak, in Palestine. What has to be justified
is the injustice to the Palestinians caused by Zionism, the dispossession
and victimization of a whole people. There is clearly a wrong here,
a wrong which creates the need for justification... [...]
The aim of Zionism is the restoration of a Jewish sovereignty to
its status 2,000 years ago. Zionism does not advocate an overhauling
of the total world situation in the same way. It does not advocate
the restoration of the Roman empire...[In addition,] Palestinians
have claimed descent from the ancient inhabitants of Palestine 3,000
years ago!... [...]
It was easy to make the Palestinians pay for 2,000 years of persecution.
The Palestinians, who have felt the enormous power of this vengeance,
were not the historical oppressors of the Jews. They did not put
Jews into ghettos and force them to wear yellow stars. They did
not plan holocausts. But they had one fault. They were weak and
defenseless in the face of real military might, so they were the
ideal victims for an abstract revenge.... [...]
Unlike the situation of Jews persecuted for being Jews, Israelis
are at war with the Arab world because they have committed the sin
of colonialism, not because of their Jewish identity...
Presenting the world as naturally unjust, and oppression as nature's
way, has always been the first refuge of those who want to preserve
their privileges...The need to justify Zionism, and the lack of
other defenses, has made it part of the Israeli world view... In
Israel, one common outcome is cynicism, for which Israelis have
become famous...
Israelis seem to be haunted by a curse. It is the curse of the
original sin against the native Arabs. How can Israel be discussed
without recalling the dispossession and exclusion of non-Jews? This
is the most basic fact about Israel, and no understanding of Israeli
reality is possible without it. The original sin haunts and torments
Israelis; it marks everything and taints everybody. Its memory poisons
the blood and marks every moment of existence." Israeli author,
Benjamin Beit-Hallahami, "Original Sins: Reflections on the History
of Zionism and Israel." [...]
As we have seen, the root cause of the Palestine-Israel conflict
is clear. During the 1948 war, 750,000 Palestinians fled in terror
or were actively expelled from their ancestral homeland and turned
into refugees. The state of Israel then refused to allow them to
return and either destroyed their villages entirely or expropriated
their land, orchards, houses, businesses and personal possessions
for the use of the Jewish population. This was the birth of the
state of Israel. [...]
Any criticism of Israel is traditionally seen by American Jews
as harmful to the Jewish people, even if the criticism is true.
But "my people, right or wrong, my people" is no different than
"my country, right or wrong, my country". Once we start down the
slippery slope where the ends justify the means we have left behind
any claim to morality. Along with millions of other American Jews
unaffiliated with the major U.S. Jewish organizations, we are outraged
at the Israeli government's ongoing oppression of the Palestinians
and feel that it has been the ruination of the high moral standing
of the Jewish people. [...]
The persecution of the Jews for centuries in Europe was the worst
of many stains on the European record, and the Zionists' desire
for a place of sanctuary is certainly understandable. Like all other
colonial enterprises, however, Zionism was based on the total disregard
of the rights of indigenous inhabitants. As such, it is morally
indefensible. And, as previously stated, all subsequent crimes -
and there have been many on both sides - inevitably follow from
this original injustice to the Palestinians.
|
Q: (L) What realm or area did Jesus come from before he was born
into the earth in the body of Jesus of Nazareth?
A: 5th density. ...
Q: (L) Had he had any other incarnations in other human bodies
on planet earth?
A: Yes. 1009.
Q: (L) Was Joshua, the right hand man of Moses an incarnation
of Jesus?
A: Yes.
Q: (L) Are there any other incarnations of Jesus with which we
would be familiar if you were to name them?
A: Yes. Socrates. ...
Q: (L) Are there any fifth density souls on the earth today
or any of recent times we would recognize?
A: Yes. Arafat. Sadat. Pope John V. [...]
Q: (L) Were any of the descendants of Jesus famous individuals
that we would know.
A: Yes. Yassar Arafat. Churchill. [...]
Q: (L) On a couple of occasions it has been mentioned that Yasser
Arafat was a fifth density soul and that he was a descendant of
Jesus of Nazareth. What is there about him that demonstrates these
qualities or these genetics?
A: Have you not seen? Imagine what it would be like to be Yasser
Arafat. Look at your perception. What is he doing now?
Q: (L) Well the pro-Jewish point of view is not favorable to
him.
A: Well, what you describe as pro anything is an obsession. And,
as we know, obsession blocks knowledge which in turn blocks the
ability to protect oneself against negative occurrences. Not a
good idea. If you were following circumstances, Yasser Arafat
is now trying to take the world upon his shoulders by making peace
with the Israelis who have been enemies for a very long time.
And, therefore, he is now a peace maker and knowledge dispenser.
Matthew 23:37 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets,
and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have
gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens
under her wings, and ye would not! 23:38 Behold, your house is
left unto you desolate.
09-24-01
Q: (L) What is going to happen with the Middle-eastern situation;
this Afghanistan or whatever?
A: Herding of population to much finer order of control.
Q: (L) What is the purpose of this control; this increasing control.
A: Preparation for war in Palestine.
Q: (L) But nobody has said anything about having a war in Palestine.
They're all talking about having a war in Afghanistan. How does
Palestine fit in here?
A: It is the ultimate objective of Israel.
Q: (L) Why would they want to have war in their own country?
Well, aside from the fact that they've been having a war in their
own country for a long time. I guess they want to bring it to
a final conclusion. What is going to be the result of this plan?
A: Destruction of Jews.
Q: (L) Well obviously this is not what THEY are planning, is
it?
A: No.
Revelation: 13:9 If any man have an ear, let him hear.
13:10 He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity:
he that killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword.
Here is the patience and the faith of the saints.
|
"Now the road is open, and
we are telling the Israelis, welcome - if you want to implement
the road map, then implement it. It was the path of President Arafat,
and we will go on the path of Arafat."
Nabil Shaath, Palestinian foreign minister
"The next phase will not be the same without Yasser Arafat.
He was the only one who understood the importance of national unity
and there will never be a Palestinian leader willing to bear the
consequences of saying 'no' to the Americans and Israel."
Jibril Rajoub, Arafat aide
"Arafat was the embodiment of the Palestinian question and
his absence will certainly be greatly felt. But to all those who
think that his passing away will open all the doors for peace, we
say that this is false and that the answers never really lay with
the Palestinians as much as with the Israelis."
Hossam Zaki, spokesman for the Arab League
"Both Israelis and Palestinians, and the friends of both peoples
throughout the world, must make even greater efforts to bring about
the peaceful realisation of the Palestinian right of self-determination,"
Kofi Annan, United Nations secretary-general
"The values and high virtues that Arafat embodied during his
struggle for the Palestinian cause will inspire the Palestinian
people so that they preserve their cohesion and unity and pursue
their path to win back their national, legitimate and eternal rights".
Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali, Tunisian president
"Although he has not lived to see the birth of a Palestinian
state, we will work with the Palestinian authorities and the international
community to contribute to realising the aspirations of the Palestinian
people."
Ben Bot, Dutch foreign minister, in a statement issued on behalf
of the European Union
"The best tribute to President Arafat's memory will be to
intensify our efforts to establish a peaceful and viable state of
Palestine as foreseen by the road map. With the passing of Yasser
Arafat the Palestinian people have lost their historic leader. More
than any other, his life stands for the tragic and turbulent history
of the Middle East. A period of grief starts for all Palestinians."
Javier Solana, European Union foreign policy chief
"Yasser Arafat strove during his lifetime to lead the Palestinians
to independence and establish a sovereign, viable Palestinian state.
It was not granted to Yasser Arafat to complete his life's work."
Gerhard Schröder, German chancellor
"It is with emotion that I have learned of the death of President
Yasser Arafat. France, like its partners in the European Union,
will maintain, firmly and with conviction, its commitment to two
states ... living side by side in peace and security. The road map,
approved by Yasser Arafat, opens up that prospect."
Jacques Chirac, French president
"Arafat gave hope to millions of the downtrodden and despised,
by instilling in them the knowledge and consciousness that despite
current difficulties, they hold the gift of freedom in their hands."
Thabo Mbeki, South African president
"Yasser Arafat spent his entire life for the Palestinian cause.
We pray that his mission is completed after his death."
Junichiro Koizumi, Japanese prime minister
"The Holy See joins the pain of the Palestinian people for
the passing of President Yasser Arafat. He was a leader of great
charisma who loved his people and tried to guide them towards national
independence. May God in His mercy receive the soul of the illustrious
deceased and grant peace to the Holy Land with two independent and
sovereign states in full reconciliation between them."
Joaquin Navarro-Valls, Vatican spokesman
"Could I express the British government's deepest sympathy
and condolences for the death of President Arafat. He was a towering
figure not only in the Palestinian world but in the Arab world,
and it is difficult to imagine the Middle East without him."
Jack Straw, foreign secretary
"Throughout a lifetime in struggle, President Yasser Arafat
has not only been a father to the Palestinian people, he has been
an inspiration to people throughout the world as he led the struggle
for a sovereign Palestinian state ... The most fitting legacy to
President Arafat is for the international community to act immediately
to ensure that the Israeli government removes its troops and illegal
settlements from Palestinian lands and a return to the negotiating
table."
Gerry Adams, Sinn Féin leader |
Wherever he may be buried when he
passes away, the day will come when his remains will be reinterred
by a free Palestinian government in the holy shrines in Jerusalem.
Yasser Arafat is one of the generation of great leaders who arose
after World War II. The stature of a leader is not simply determined
by the size of his achievements, but also by the size of the obstacles
he had to overcome. In this respect, Arafat has no competitor in
the world: No leader of our generation has been called upon to face
such cruel tests and to cope with such adversities as he.
When he appeared on the stage of history, at the end of the 1950s,
his people was close to oblivion. The name Palestine had been eradicated
from the map. Israel, Jordan and Egypt had divided the country between
them. The world had decided that there was no Palestinian national
entity, that the Palestinian people had ceased to exist, like the
American Indian nations — if, indeed, it had ever existed
at all.
Almost all Palestinians lived under dictatorships, most of them
in humiliating circumstances.
When Yasser Arafat, then a young engineer in Kuwait, founded the
“Palestinian Liberation Movement” (whose initials in
reverse spell Fatah), he meant first of all liberation from the
various Arab leaders, so as to enable the Palestinian people to
speak and act for itself. That was the first revolution of the man
who made at least three great revolutions during his life.
It was a dangerous one. Fatah had no independent base. It had to
function in the Arab countries, often under merciless persecutions.
Those years were a formative influence on Arafat’s characteristic
style. He had to maneuver between the Arab leaders, play them off
against each other, use tricks, half-truths and double-talk, evade
traps and circumvent obstacles.
He became a world champion of manipulation. This way he saved the
liberation movement from many dangers in the days of its weakness,
until it could become a potent force.
Gamal Abdul Nasser, the Egyptian ruler got worried about the emerging
independent Palestinian force. To choke it off in time, he created
the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and put at its head
a Palestinian political mercenary, Ahmed Shukeiri. But after the
shameful rout of the Arab armies in 1967 and the electrifying victory
of the Fatah fighters against the Israeli Army in the battle of
Karameh (March 1968), Fatah took over the PLO and Arafat became
the undisputed leader of the entire Palestinian struggle.
In the mid-1960s, Yasser Arafat started his second revolution:
The armed struggle against Israel. The pretension was almost ludicrous:
A handful of poorly armed guerrillas, not very efficient at that,
against the might of the Israeli Army. And not in a country of impassable
jungles and mountain ranges, but in a small, flat, densely populated
stretch of land. But this struggle put the Palestinian cause on
the world agenda. The PLO was recognized as the “sole representative
of the Palestinian people”, and thirty years ago Yasser Arafat
was invited to make his historic speech to the UN General Assembly:
“In one hand I carry a gun, in the other an olive branch.”
Immediately after the October 1973 Yom Kippur, Arafat started his
third revolution: He decided that the PLO must reach an agreement
with Israel and be content with a Palestinian state in the West
Bank and the Gaza Strip. That confronted him with a historic challenge:
To convince the Palestinian people to give up its historic position
denying the legitimacy of the State of Israel, and to be satisfied
with a mere 22 percent of the territory of pre-1948 Palestine. Without
being stated explicitly, it was clear that this also entails the
giving up of the unlimited return of the refugees to the territory
of Israel. He started to work to this end in his own characteristic
way, with persistence, patience and ploys, two steps forwards, one
step back.
Historic justice demands that it be clearly stated that it was
Arafat who envisioned the Oslo agreement at a time when both Yitzhak
Rabin and Shimon Peres still stuck to the hopeless “Jordanian
option”, the belief that one could ignore the Palestinian
people and give the West Bank back to Jordan. Of the three recipients
of the Nobel Peace Prize, Arafat deserved it most. From 1974 on,
I was an eyewitness to the immense effort invested by Arafat in
order to get his people to accept his new approach. Step by step
it was adopted by the Palestinian National Council, the Parliament
in exile, first by a resolution to set up a Palestinian authority
“in every part of Palestine liberated from Israel”,
and, in 1988, to set up a Palestinian state next to Israel.
Arafat’s (and Israeli) tragedy was that whenever he came
closer to a peaceful solution, the Israeli governments withdrew
from it. His minimum terms were clear and remained unchanged from
1974 on: A Palestinian state in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
I respected Arafat as a Palestinian patriot, I admired him for
his courage, I understood the constraints he was working under,
I saw in him the partner for building a new future for our two peoples.
|
Many Americans cannot appreciate
the link between the anger of 1.5 billion Muslims and the plight of
few million Palestinians on a small piece of land that makes less
than one percent of the Muslim world. To them, this is a sorrowful
affair, but not enough of a cause for the resultant clash of civilizations.
Instead, they suggest, Palestinians could easily be absorbed in the
Arab and Muslim world. Life goes on. End of story.
Just imagine if someone suggested that the destruction of a couple
of towers in New York, and a single wall in the Pentagon, and the
death of some 3,000 people, not all of them Americans, do not deserve
the anger of 260 million Americans. There are more people killed
in accidents and crimes in a day. An earthquake or a hurricane could
have caused similar destruction and loss of lives.
What is the big deal? The buildings can be easily rebuilt. The
families of the victims and the owners of affected buildings can
be nicely compensated. Life goes on. End of story.
But no. America was rightly upset, rightly angry, and rightly resolute
on punishing those responsible for mass-murdering Americans and
insulting America. We do disagree on why this happened, what is
the appropriate response, and who should be punished. But we certainly
agree that America was attacked and insulted and must respond in
kind. Punishment should match the crime.
Similarly, how could any just person suggest that the uprooting
of millions from their ancestors’ homeland can be easily compensated
somewhere else? I understand that in America people move around.
Except for Natives, all came from other continents. In the Old World,
it was different. A land where my ancestors were buried, my history
was made, my culture is based can’t be easily replaced. Given
the choice, an old family house in a poor village is a world better
than a luxurious Manhattan apartment or a Swiss chalet.
If the Jews of the world feel the same toward a homeland they left
four thousands years ago, what of the Palestinians who were kicked
out only forty or fifty years ago and have no place they could call
home.
But if that is the case for the Palestinians, what is the stake
for Muslims and Arabs? I could ask the same question of Americans.
What was in it for the West to intervene on behalf of Christians
of East Timor, Sudan and the old Soviet republics of Estonia, Latvia
and Lithuania?
In Islam, we are a big family, all for one, one for all. Fellow
Muslims are regarded as brothers and sisters. What affects one in
Chechnya or Kashmir hurts us all.
In addition, Palestine is a holy land. Jerusalem is as holy to
Muslims as it is to Christians and Jews.
For us, Palestinians, Muslims and Christians, are an extended family.
Of course, we care about the schoolgirl who was shot twenty times
by an Israeli solider who wasn’t justly punished for it. Surely,
we feel bitter about what happened to the little boy who was targeted
by Israeli soldiers and died in his father’s hands. You bet
we feel the pain of hundreds of families, whose homes were destroyed
in days by Israeli bulldozers as a collective punishment.
We don’t need to be Arabs or Muslims to feel sorry for them,
any decent human should, as Americans, rightly, expected us to feel
about the victims of 9/11. The world felt the pain of both Americans
and Palestinians and demanded justice. The difference is: America
is a nuclear superpower, and can take justice into its hands, never
mind the UN, world law and opinion. The Palestinians can only hit
back against the sophisticated, overwhelming Israeli killing machines,
with stones, small fire, and human bombers.
Now that our stand, as Muslims and Arabs, is, hopefully, clear,
let me explain why we blame America, more than Israel, for our pain.
First, America was the first in the world to recognize Israel. It
took President Truman 10 minutes to do so in 1948. On the other
hand, it took generations for the US to recognize any Palestinian
representative. The US was the last country in the world, other
than Israel, to recognize the PLO, years after the UN recognized
it as the legitimate representative of the Palestinians.
For fifty years now, the US chose to blindly support Israel against
the Arabs. It vetoed tens of Security Council resolutions. It voted,
mostly alone, with Israel some eighty UN resolutions. It supplied
Israel with hundreds of billions of dollars in cash and sophisticated
arms and guaranteed loans. In short, by providing the bloodline
to an otherwise failed state, the US is more than a partner in crime.
It is the mother ship. |
MIDDLEEAST.ORG - MER - Washington
- 10 November: Yasser Arafat has been all but legally dead for many
days now. He has been kept 'between life and death' in a very 'complex
situation' (to use the crafty words that have come from key officials)
for financial and political reasons rather than for medical reasons.
A mad scramble has been underway by various parties -- including
his 'wife' Suha as well as his U.S. and Israeli-approved successors
-- to get as much of the money and power as they can manage at this
critical time. Much more important however to the Israelis and the
Americans -- and to the Europeans as well -- is what they can all
manipulate to happen now with Arafat finally eliminated.
By a preponderance of the circumstances and the evidence Yasser
Arafat has effectively been stealth assassinated by the Israelis
as MER first reported and explained last Saturday. His long-time
personal physician has been removed from the scene after announcing
he had been blood poisoned. The French 'military doctors' have been
ordered not to reveal the cause of death and the details of what
has happened to Arafat. Most others not playing ball with the the
U.S. and Israeli approved 'new Palestinian leadership' have been
pushed aside in the past few days. The widely despised 'Palestinian
Foreign Minister', Nabil Sha'ath, long working with Israel and the
U.S., was put in front of the cameras yesterday to attempt to publicly
discredit the death by poisoning verdict and to help confuse and
coverup as much as can be managed before the funeral and burial.
The Israelis never really thought Arafat would be buried in relatively
obscurity in 'a family plot' in Gaza -- though they pushed for it
thinking they just might manage that final insult on top of everything
else. They knew all along the burial would likely take place at
the Muqata in Ramallah and have thus appeared to give their reluctant
'permission' with all kinds of secret restrictions worked out with
their new team of 'Palestinian leaders' -- Sha'ath, Abu Mazen, and
Abu Ala. They are working now to undermine the possibility that
Arafat might first be taken to Arab League Headquarters in Cairo.
And 'negotiations' over just what is now going to happen continue
to hold up the official announcement of Arafat's death even as a
senior 'approved' Muslim Cleric has been rushed to Paris to give
a kind of religious OK to 'pulling the plug' as soon as the crucial
political details are finally approved by all parties, including
Israel and the Americans. |
The planned 25-minute ceremony
at a military club in a Cairo suburb reflects concern for security
at an event expected to draw dozens of statesmen and foreign ministers.
But Egypt also apparently sought to avoid an outpouring of public
emotion that might either get out of control or show that the late
Palestinian leader enjoyed more support
than other Arab leaders. After the
funeral, Arafat's coffin will be taken to the Almaza military
base and then flown to Ramallah in the West Bank. Arafat will
be buried there before sunset Friday. The short drive to the base
is likely to be the public's only opportunity to see Arafat's
coffin pass. If Arafat's body were to be brought into the enter
of Cairo, it might draw the biggest funeral crowd since the death
of Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1970. That would involve
a security risk, and also a prestige risk that few Arab leaders
are willing to take, said Walid Kazziha, a politics professor
at the American University in Cairo. "Other Arab leaders,
would they like to see Arafat commanding this much support, even
in death?" Kazziha asked.
MIDDLEEAST.ORG - MER - Washington - 12 November:
They are racing now to get the funeral over with very quickly
and with no real opportunity for the public outpouring of grief
and anger that would result if everything were not so closed and
controlled by the military. And they are racing as well to get
him quickly buried in a rock tomb. His 'wife' has received a huge
payoff, $22 million yearly, for her silence. The top 'new leadership'
of the Palestinians that has approved these arrangements are all
known to be persons closely connected with the Israelis and supported
by the U.S. -- Nabil Sha'ath, Abu Mazen, and Abu Ala -- and all
known themselves to be politically and financially corrupt.
Arafat's
personal doctor DEMANDS 'Official Death Inquiry' and Autopsy
CAIRO, Nov 11 (AFP) - The personal physician
of Yasser Arafat called for an inquiry into the cause of the
veteran Palestinian leader's death on Thursday.
"I demand an official inquiry and an
autopsy ... so the Palestinian people can learn in all transparency
what caused the death" of their leader, Dr Ashraf al-Kurdi
said on Al-Jazeera television only hours before Arafat was due
to be buried.
He said his suspicions were aroused by the
absence of any information about Arafat's health since he was
admitted to hospital in Paris on October 29 and that Arafat
was conscious when he left his Ramallah compound.
Amid the doubt, rumours have surfaced that
Arafat was poisoned but doctors in Paris and Palestinian foreign
minister Nabil Shaath rejected that speculation.
Kurdi, who was Arafat's personal physician
for more than 20 years, said he had been surprised by the actions
of some members of the veteran leader's office.
He said they took too long to contact him
even though Arafat's health was in rapid decline.
Kurdi, who did not travel to Paris his patient,
said he could not draw any conclusions about the death despite
his suspicions.
|
Veteran Palestinian leader Yasir
Arafat has been laid to rest at his battered Muqata compound in
the West Bank town of Ram Allah.
Shortly after his coffin was lowered on Friday into a marble-and-stone
grave, the crowd began a prayer joined by Palestinian leaders, including
newly appointed Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) chairman
Mahmud Abbas and Prime Minister Ahmad Quraya.
Arafat had been due to lie in state ahead of the burial, but the
programme was disrupted by chaos at the compound, where thousands
of mourners surged past security forces.
"He was buried ahead of time because of the emotion of the
crowd. We had no choice," one official said.
Wounded by gunfire
Before the burial, thousands of mourners rushed to the coffin and
police fired into the air to disperse the crowd that held up the
removal of his body from the aircraft that flew in from Egypt.
Medics said four people were wounded by gunfire in the
crowd.
Arafat, who became a Third World liberation icon and won a Nobel
Peace Prize, died at the age 75 in a French hospital on Thursday
from an undetermined cause.
The chaotic scenes in Ram Allah were in sharp contrast to a funeral
service earlier at a Cairo air base, where the public was kept away
and even some world leaders were mistakenly shut out by overzealous
Egyptian guards.
A few kilometres from the burial site, an explosion in a car
killed two people in a reminder of the continuing violence in the
region. |
PARIS Even after Yasser Arafat's
death Thursday morning, French health officials continued their stony
silence about exactly what disease killed the Palestinian leader.
And so, the man who lived so much of his life simply and in the public
eye, died mysteriously, surrounded by secrecy.
After two weeks, the medical databases at Percy Military Training
Hospital in Clamart must be crammed with information about Arafat's
condition - scans, biopsies, reams of blood test results - that
would have defined for doctors within minutes the condition of Arafat's
kidneys, liver and lungs. But these remain top secret.
The hospital officially announced Arafat's death in a terse statement
delivered by the hospital spokesman, General Christian Estripeau,
who told reporters there would be no details released on tests,
the cause of death or whether there would be an autopsy. When reached
by telephone later on Thursday, Estripeau said there would be "no
information."
In fact, all the information about Arafat's sudden death that has
dribbled out comes from his Palestinian aides, who provide facts
through a non-medical and highly politicized filter. These few misshapen
puzzle pieces are insufficient to create a picture of what went
wrong.
As their beloved leader deteriorated in the past two days, Arafat's
aides announced only that he was in a deep coma on life-support
machines, having suffered a brain hemorrhage - a stroke caused by
bleeding into the brain. But such a fatal event can have many underlying
causes, and does not explain why Arafat's health had deteriorated
so precipitously in the past month.
In France, a patient or the next-of-kin must give permission for
doctors to release information. In his carefully worded statements,
Estripeau suggested that this permission was not given: "It
is not up to the defense forces' health services to reveal information
given to the family," he said today.
Strokes are generally sudden affairs, and Arafat's was almost certainly
a secondary result of his underlying and undisclosed illness. At
the time of his medical evacuation to Paris two weeks ago, aides
revealed that he was suffering from a low platelet count and had
undergone a platelet transfusion. Since platelets are involved in
blood clotting, patients with low platelet counts are predisposed
to brain hemorrhages, and this may have contributed to Arafat's
death.
But low platelet counts in the blood are a common finding in a
wide range of illnesses, including severe infections, liver disease,
end-stage cancer, and even AIDS. And doctors made no mention of
a hemorrhage until Wednesday, suggesting that it was a recent event.
On Nov. 4, doctors and aides announced that Arafat was being transferred
to the intensive care unit because his condition had deteriorated.
No mention of a brain hemorrhage was made at that time, although
such bleeding would have been immediately obvious on a CAT scan.
It is accepted medical practice throughout the world that patients
or their families have the right to keep medical information private.
In France, politicians and celebrities frequently keep their medical
lives secret, but in many countries, such as the United States,
public figures are expected to reveal private health information
and hospitals tend to encourage it.
"There can be tension between what the public would like to
know and what the family feels comfortable talking about, but our
policy is that the privacy of the patient and the patient's family
comes first and is paramount," said Myrna Manners, spokesperson
for the New York-Presbyterian Hospital, which has treated many world
leaders including the Shah of Iran.
But, she added: "Rather than have rumors or speculation run
amok, we feel its better to have a clear process and a bit of information.
We encourage that."
There are various reasons why Arafat's inner circle would want
to keep the cause of his death a secret. Perhaps he suffered from
a disease that they considered embarrassing. Or perhaps the doctors
who treated him during the early phases of his illness in Ramallah
missed a treatable medical condition, letting him deteriorate to
the point it was too late to cure him once he was moved to Paris.
In the end, the actual timing of his death - like in much of his
life - was probably tinged with a hefty dose of politics and religion.
At some point after he was transferred to intensive care, Arafat
was placed on a ventilator, a machine that assists in breathing.
Such assistance can be required because of lung problems - like
pneumonia - or in cases where the brain-centers that control breathing
are not functioning properly. Both deep comas and large strokes
can damage these centers temporarily and require that a patient
be placed on a machine.
Once a patient's breathing is maintained by a ventilator, the exact
timing of death often becomes something of a matter of choice. More
important, it also becomes subject to religious variations concerning
the ethics of caring for terminally ill patients.
Islamic scholars have generally prohibited the discontinuation
of life support machines, since the Koran advises: "Don't throw
yourself into death." Nabil Shaath, the Palestinian foreign
minister, reacted violently to press reports yesterday that Palestinian
officials had arrived in Paris to "pull the plug" on Arafat.
"We don't accept euthanasia," he said, Arafat "is
in the hands of God."
But in France, as in much of the world, death is now defined by
the death of the brain, or "brain death." A patient on
a ventilator can be breathing and have a pumping heart- at least
for some time - even though he is medically and legally dead.
Many Islamic scholars say that a patient can be disconnected from
life support once he is brain dead, since he is no longer really
alive. But some conservative Muslim groups, as well as many conservative
Jews, still maintain that the person lives so long as the heart
is beating.
It is not known if Arafat was removed from life-support machines
or if his heart stopped beating while he was still on them. |
These
are some of the public threats in the past few years. One can only
imagine what has been said when the cameras and microphones were
not present.
Israeli
Cabinet, September 11, 2003:
"Recent day's events have proven again that Yasser Arafat is
a complete obstacle to any process of reconciliation. ... Israel
will act to remove this obstacle in the manner, at the time, and
in the ways that will be decided on separately."
Ariel
Sharon: “We took action against Ahmed
Yassin and Abdelaziz Rantisi (both assassinated) and a few other
murderers when we thought the time was right. On the matter of Arafat
we will operate in the same way, when we find the convenient and
suitable time. One needs to find the time and do what has to be
done.”
Ariel
Sharon: “I wouldn’t suggest either one
of them should feel secure. I wouldn’t propose that any insurance
company gives them coverage" (reference to Arafat and other
Palestinian leaders).
Editorial, The Jerusalem Post, Jerusalem, Israel, 11 Sept 2003:
“The world will not help us; we must help ourselves. We must
kill as many of the Hamas and Islamic Jihad leaders as possible,
as quickly as possible, while minimizing collateral damage, but
not letting that damage stop us. And we must kill Yasser Arafat,
because the world leaves us no alternative.... Arafat’s death
at Israel’s hands would not radicalize Arab opposition to
Israel. The current jihad against us is being fueled by the perception
that Israel is blocked from taking decisive actions to defend itself….
Killing Arafat, more than any other act, would demonstrate that
the tool of terror is unacceptable.”
Ehud Olmert: Deputy Prime Minister of Israel told
Israel Radio that killing Arafat "is definitely one of the
options" under consideration by the government. International
Herald Tribune, 24 September 2003
International
Herald Tribune,
24
September 2003
Silvan
Shalom: Israel's foreign minister said yesterday in an apparent
attempt to soften remarks by the vice premier who said that assassination
was an option. “Israel has not adopted a formal decision to
kill Yasser Arafat”
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/09/16/world/main573485.shtml
http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/2003/09/16/story892785356.asp
|
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