Volcanoes
The last but one time Oraefajokull spewed ash into the sky, the area around it had to be abandoned for decades.
A long-dormant volcano in Iceland may be about to erupt, scientists fear.
The Oraefajokull volcano last spewed out ash and lava in 1728, but is showing renewed signs of activity.
A hole in the snow on the top of the mountain has been becoming 45cm deeper every day.
It is now more than 22 metres (72ft) lower than where it was before the activity began.
There has also been a recent increase in seismic activity and geothermal water leakage, volcanologists have said.
Experts at Iceland's Meteorological Office have detected 160 earthquakes in the region in the past week alone.
As a result, authorities have raised the volcano's alert safety code to yellow.
A 3-D image made by specialists at the Geological Institute of the University of Iceland indicates that the caldera has deepened by twenty metres and that crevasses have become larger since it was first spotted.
The image was made using various information, not in the least the photographs of Morgunblaðið photographer Ragnar Axelsson who flew over the glacier on November 19th and again on November 28th.
"We see a greatly increased pattern of fissures around the caldera. It's now more of a drop shape than a circle, lengthening towards the South West," says Ingibjörg Jónsdóttir at the University of Iceland speaking to Morgunblaðið today.
Source: Morgunblaðið
Scientists working at the geophysical department of the Russian Academy of Science in north-eastern Russia's Kamchatka Krai region have confirmed the giant eruption took place at the site of the Shiveluch Volcano yesterday over a 20 minute period and saw the volcano spew ash 10 kilometres (6 miles) into the sky.
Experts have raised the alert after the volcano flung hot ash into the air for the first time since February 2016.
It is not believed any locals or villages surrounding the eruption were affected.
"The upwelling we detected is like a hot air balloon, and we infer that something is rising up through the deeper part of our planet under New England."
People are constantly discovering new volcanoes, like a 3,000m one off Indonesia that no one realized was there til 2010. It turns out the second largest volcano in the solar system is apparently not on Io, but 1,000 miles east of Japan. It's the size of the British Isles, but who knew? A few months ago a team found 91 new volcanoes under Antarctica. (This is getting serious, someone should talk to the Minister for Lava!)
However, there is one particular conspiracy, treasured by theorists, that our impending doom will come from within planet Earth - that lurking beneath America's Yellowstone National Park is a supervolcano that will kill us all.
Yellowstone, in the midwestern US, is - they claim - about to erupt and send unfathomable amounts of matter into the sky, covering anyone in the vicinity in a pyroclastic flow of ash and rock, and blocking out the sun, wiping out almost all life on Earth in the process.
Conspiracy theories tend to draw on some grain of truth. The super volcano really has erupted before, three times in fact, over the last 2 billion years or so, but the theory goes that it's bound to do so again soon, right? RT.com caught up with Michael Poland, Scientist-in-Charge at the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, to find out the full extent of this lurking supervolcanic 'threat.'
Comment: See this article for a different perspective: Disastrous super-eruption could happen sooner than first thought
The new study from Bristol scientists, published in the Earth and Planetary Science Letters, suggests large, catastrophic eruptions are most likely to happen every 17,000 years.
It's a significant revision from a 2004 estimate, said Jonathan Rougier, of the University of Bristol.
"The previous estimate, made in 2004, was that super-eruptions occurred every 45-714 thousands years, comfortably longer than our civilization. But in our paper just published, we re-estimate this range as 5.2-48 thousand years, with a best guess value of 17,000," he said.
And the two most recent ones came 30,000 to 20,000 years ago.
"On balance, we have been slightly lucky not to experience any super-eruptions since then. But it is important to appreciate that the absence of super-eruptions in the last 20,000 years does not imply that one is overdue. Nature is not that regular."
He added: "What we can say is that volcanoes are more threatening to our civilization than previously thought."
In 2014, the US Geological Survey warned that if the massive volcano at Yellowstone National Park were to boil over, cities nearly 300 miles away would be covered in up to three feet of ash.
A plume of ash and smoke was sent about 2,000 meters above the crater, though the Distaster Mitigation Agency said ash particles have drifted up to 7,600 metres from the mountain.
Around 40,000 people were placed in temporary shelters after the volcano, which last erupted in 1963, swelled with molten lava.
The alert level on Mount Agung remains at maximum, but the airport has reopened after a change in wind direction blew towering columns of ash and smoke away from the airport.
Analyzing volcanic activity within the last 100,000 years, researchers from the University of Bristol revised the timeline for super-eruptions, which can produce around 1,000 gigatons of erupted mass.
The Yellowstone Caldera in Wyoming is classed as one such supervolcano, which could emit sustained pyroclastic eruptions with climate- and life-changing results.

Nighttime flashes in Japanese weather satellite imagery around Mt. Agung as a new eruption began on 27 November 2017. The flashes occur at 19:50, 20:10, and 20:30 UTC. The city lights have been added separately from previous observations from a different satellite, to assist in nighttime geolocation; the village lights of Besakih, on the southwest slope of Mt. Agung, can be seen within the dashed circle.













Comment: Bardarbunga, Iceland's biggest volcano is also being monitored after a series of earthquakes recently.