Volcanoes
The statement warned all tourism companies operating in the region against holding tours in the areas located near the volcano, which can also pose threat to aircraft. Klyuchevskoi's most powerful eruption was registered between January and May of 2005. Following that eruption, the volcano "sank" by 50 meters (about 165 feet), from 4,800 meters (about 16,000 feet) to the current 4,750 meters (15,845 feet). Kamchatka lies within the Pacific's volatile 'Ring of Fire.' - Voice of Russia
The source of an eruption that scattered ash from pole to pole has been pinpointed as Samalas volcano on Indonesia's Lombok Island. The research team, led by geographer Franck Lavigne of the Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, has now dated the event to between May and October of 1257. The findings were published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"It's been a long time that some people have been looking," said Lavigne. After glaciologists turned up evidence for the blast three decades ago, volcano experts had looked for the origin of the eruption everywhere from New Zealand's Okataina volcano to Mexico's El Chichón.
The previously unattributed eruption was an estimated eight times as large as the famed Krakatau explosion (1883) and twice as large as Tambora in 1815, the researchers estimate. (Related: "Tambora: The Greatest Explosion in History.") "Until now we thought that Tambora was the largest eruption for 3,700 years," Lavigne said, but the study reveals that the 1257 event was even larger.
The top image was taken by NASA's Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on NASA's Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) satellite. The image below comes via the National Institute of Oceanography. It shows a close-up of the landform, estimated to stretch 75 to 90 meters (250 to 300 feet) across and standing 15 to 20 meters (60 to 70 feet) above the water line.

The green fireball that turned night into day over Ferrara, Italy on September 3rd 2013, the second major fireball to explode over Italy in a week.
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The fractures appear eerily similar to seafloor spreading centers, the volcanic ridges that mark the boundaries between two pieces of oceanic crust. Along the ridges, lava bubbles up and new crust is created, slowly widening the ocean basin.
But a look deep beneath the Afar Rift reveals the birth announcements may be premature. "It's not as close to fully formed seafloor spreading as we thought," said Kathy Whaler, a geophysicist at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland.
Whaler and her colleagues have spotted 120 cubic miles (500 cubic kilometers) of magma sitting in the mantle under the Afar Rift. Hot liquids like magma like to rise, so the discovery is a conundrum.
"We didn't expect this, because magma wants to pop up like a cork in water; it's too buoyant compared to the surrounding medium in the mantle," Whaler told LiveScience's OurAmazingPlanet.

Mount Sinabung spews ash and hot lava as it erupts near a mosque in Karo district, Indonesia's north Sumatra province. The volcano had been dormant for nearly 100 years.
Mount Sinabung, located in Karo Regency, spewed volcanic ash and small pebbles into the air, showering nearby villages, said National Disaster Mitigation Agency spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho.
"The villagers voluntarily left their villages after the eruption," Mr.Nugroho said. He added there was no report of deaths nor serious damage.
He said local authorities, with the help of the armed forces and the police, have are helping the villagers who had to flee. Mount Sinabung last erupted in September 2010 after being dormant for around 100 years. Around 12,000 villagers were evacuated during the eruption three years ago.
"The characteristics of Mount Sinabung eruptions are relatively unknown because it was dormant for around 100 years before the 2010 eruptions," Mr. Nugroho noted.
Mount Sinabung's eruption is the latest in recent volcanic activity in Indonesia. Two volcanoes erupted in central Indonesia last month. Indonesia has many active volcanoes because its many islands are on the so-called Pacific Ring of Fire.
According to Andina news agency, the area covered by the state of emergency are the Moquegua districts of Ubinas, Matalaque, Chojata, Omate, Coalaque, Ichuña, Lloque, Yunga, and the Arequipa district of San Juan de Tarucani.
Furthermore, Peru21 reports today that the village of Querapi will be permanently relocated within a year. Querapi, a small town populated by about 25 families, has been hit hard by the recent eruptions from Ubinas. As a short-term solution, regional authorities are planning on evacuating the residents of Querapi to a safe-zone before deciding on a permanent relocation plan.
The mountain erupted two times on Monday, again on Tuesday and then two more times Wednesday, according to the news website Peru This Week.
Ubinas volcano is located in Peru's Moquenega region about 70 kilometers from the city of Arequipa.










