Volcanoes
Mount Ulawun, situated on the remote Bismarck Archipelago chain, displaced between 7 000 and 13 000 people from their homes when it last erupted in June.
Seismic activity started at midday on Monday before the volcano erupted at about 04:30 on Tuesday, according to Rabaul Volcano Observatory assistant director Ima Itikarai.
"It was noiseless and in the dark just before dawn; the eruption was visible (with) a distinct shard (of) red incandescent glow shooting up less than 100m from the base," he told AFP.
"The Popocatepetl volcano has awakened and releases water steam, gases and ash", the service said on its Twitter page.
The service registered over 10 tremors, seven explosions and 152 outbursts within the last 24 hours.
Volcanic ash has rained down on a city after Japan's Sakurajima erupted and belched a massive column of ash two miles into the sky.
People in Kagoshima - five miles away from the volcano - posted photos on social media showing their ash-covered clothing or cars, and the particles falling in the streets.
One resident tweeted: "Sakurajima's ashes!!! Because I forgot my umbrella, I was completely covered with ash. The second photo is an ash-covered bag."
Sakurajima, of the most active volcanoes in the world, erupted at about 4pm local time.
The famous attraction is the world's tallest active geyser and has broken its own record for the most eruptions set last year at 32, according to the National Park Service, and there's still months to go before the end of the year.
Steamboat's eruptions are unpredictable, the Park Service said, and over the years have been sporadic, with active years in 1982 - 1983 after being dormant for 50 years, quiet years throughout the 1990s and 2000s, and other years of dormancy marked by a single eruption.
"One thing is known, Steamboat Geyser's future eruptions will continue to be unpredictable, officials said on the Park Service's website.
Authorities in the south of Chile are rehearsing evacuation plans amid concern that the volcano could potentially erupt within "days or weeks."
Villarrica, near the popular tourist resort of Pucon around 750km south of the capital Santiago, was upgraded to an orange alert after it began rumbling and hurling lava into the air late on Tuesday.
The orange alert by the National Geology and Mining Service (SERNAGEOMIN) implies a "significant" increase in activity.
"Three new eruptions of the volcano have been registered, characterized by the disposal of solid and fine ash," Hernando Tavera, director of the Institute, told the agency.
Island residents said that around 10:45 p.m. (20:45 GMT) on Friday, a strong explosion was heard, after which the volcano spewed a column of ash and dust. Two smaller blasts were heard later on the same day.
Lava is actively flowing down the volcano's western slope. Witnesses say the lava can be seen several miles away from the volcano.
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Sources
The volcano, which had remained dormant for more than a century before the latest explosion, blasted a mass of ash and volcanic debris ten miles into the sky, reaching a layer of the atmosphere known as the stratosphere.
Just under two weeks later, the Ulawun volcano in New Guinea erupted, sending ash nine miles into the sky and causing 15,000 people to evacuate.
Comment: Less than a week ago an eruption at Kamchatka volcano (Shiveluch) in Russia fired ash 70,000 ft (21.3 km) into the stratosphere.
Sulfuric gas from both of these eruptions reached the stratosphere, which is why skies in some parts of the world turned oddly purple as the Sun started to set.
This is because fine volcanic aerosols in the stratosphere cause blue light particles to scatter.
When the scattered blue particles combine with the normal red hue of a sunset, it makes an eerie purple glow.














Comment: New thermal area discovered at Yellowstone supervolcano