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Wed, 29 Sep 2021
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Earthquakes

Seismograph

Enormous earthquakes occur on both sides of the Pacific: Experts warn that San Andreas could "unzip all at once"

ring of fire

Why is our planet shaking so violently all of a sudden? There have literally been dozens of significant earthquakes right along the Ring of Fire within the past 30 days, and two giant ones made headlines all over the globe on Thursday. First, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck off the coast of Humboldt County, California, and that was followed later in the day by a magnitude 7.8 earthquake in the Solomon Islands. But of course these latest earthquakes are just the latest examples of increased shaking along the outer perimeter of the Pacific Ocean. Experts are not quite sure what to make of all of this shaking, but they are warning that "the Big One" could strike the west coast at literally any time.

Let's start by discussing the historic earthquake that just hit the Solomon Islands. According to the Washington Post, it was originally determined to be a magnitude 8.0 earthquake before being downgraded to a 7.8...
A massive earthquake erupted along a fault line near the Solomon Islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean on Thursday. The quake was originally detected as a magnitude-8 by the U.S. Geological Service, but has since been reduced to a 7.8 on the Moment-Magnitude scale.

It was followed by a 5.5-magnitude quake, and aftershocks continue to roll through.

Seismograph

6.9 magnitude earthquake strikes off Solomon Islands

Seismograph
© Flickr/ Matt Katzenberger
An earthquake of magnitude 6.9 struck early on Saturday off the Solomon Islands, the U.S. Geological Survey said.

The quake had a depth of 10 km (6 miles) and its epicenter was 89 km west of Kira Kira. There was no immediate tsunami threat, the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said.

A 7.8 quake hit the remote South Pacific islands early on Friday, sending residents into the hills and triggering powerful aftershocks.

Comment: See also: Emergency tsunami warnings after 8.0 quake strikes off Solomon Islands' coast


Attention

Emergency tsunami warnings after 8.0 quake strikes off Solomon Islands' coast

Solomon Island earthquake map
© USGS
A tsunami warning has been issued for the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and Nauru after an 8.0. magnitude earthquake struck 70km off the Solomon Islands, according to USGS.

"Widespread hazardous tsunami waves are possible," stated the warning issued by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. The center called on the government agencies responsible for dealing with emergency situations to "take action to inform and instruct any coastal populations at risk in accordance with their own evaluation."

Bizarro Earth

6.5 magnitude earthquake off Northern California coast

California coast earthquake map
© USGS
The US Geological Survey has reported an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.5 in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Northern California, with an epicenter 102 miles west of Ferndale.

Seismographs registered the quake at 6:49am local time (2:49 GMT), at the coordinates 40.507° North and 126.118° West, ten kilometers (6.2 miles) below sea level.

Reuters initially reported the quake was 6.8 in magnitude, in line with the National Weather Service reports for the same incident.

No tsunami warning was issued.

Seismograph

Precursor to eruption? Dozens of earthquakes rattle a Chilean volcano, alert status raised

Cerro Hudson eruption in Chile
© John Warburton-Lee/Getty Images
Dead trees in the River Ibanez valley killed by ash from the Cerro Hudson eruption in 2011.
Last night, the ONEMI (Oficina Nacional de Emergencias) and SERNGEOMIN (Chilean Geological Survey) in Chile raised the alert status for the area around Cerro Hudson in the southern Andes.

Normally, raising the alert status like this is due to an acute change, when the behavior of the volcano shifts suddenly. However, this time, the elevation to Yellow alert status at Cerro Hudson is due to accumulated events over the past month.

Dozens of small earthquakes have occurred since the start of November, none stronger than M3.2. But their location (in geographic space and depth) are similar to those before the last eruption of Hudson in 2011. The number of earthquakes hasn't increased much above the baseline activity at an active volcano like Hudson, but energy released by the largest earthquakes has been increasing over the past few months.

Combine that with the fact that the earthquakes have the character of those associated with magma movement, and the SERNAGEOMIN and ONEMI decided to treat Hudson with an abundance of caution, setting up a 3.5 kilometer exclusion zone around the volcano.

Seismograph

Magnitude 6.2 earthquake rocks Trinidad and Tobago

6.2 magnitude earthquake rocks Trinidad and Tobago.
© UWI Seismic/ Image from social media
6.2 magnitude earthquake rocks Trinidad and Tobago.
An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.2 rocked Trinidad and Tobago on Tuesday evening sending people into the streets and throwing items of the shelves of some stores and supermarkets.

The Seismic Research Centre (SRC) at the St Augustine campus of the University of the West Indies (UWI) said that the quake, which occurred at 5:42 pm (local time), was located at a depth of 29 kilometres.

It said the 6.2 magnitude quake was felt in many parts of the country including Scarborough in Tobago.

The location was Latitude: 11.04N, Longitude: 60.70W.

Many people in the west of the capital scampered out into the streets as the buildings shook, throwing many items to the ground.

There were no immediate reports of injuries or damages.


Seismograph

Magnitude 6.0 undersea earthquake strikes eastern Indonesia, no tsunami alert

Underwater quake off Indonesia
© USGS
Indonesia’s disaster agency said officials were checking to see if the quake had any impact.
A strong earthquake of 6.0 magnitude has hit the coast of eastern Indonesia on Monday morning, according to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) seismologists.

USGS experts said the undersea quake struck at about 190 km north-east of Maumere, a holiday destination in Flores, at a depth of 522 km. The quake occurred at 9.13 am local time (9.1 3am Singapore time).

Indonesia's disaster agency said the officials were checking to see if the quake had any impact as there were no immediate reports of any casualties or damage. The authorities also said the quake did not trigger any tsunami alert.

Indonesia is positioned on the highly seismically active zone "Pacific Ring of Fire", which is known for collisions of tectonic plates, and hence it experiences frequent earthquakes.

Seismograph

New Zealand rocked by 'severe' shallow earthquake of magnitude 5.5

The earthquake was at a depth of 12km and was centred 10km east of Seddon

The earthquake was at a depth of 12km and was centred 10km east of Seddon
New Zealand has been struck with another large magnitude 5.5 earthquake.

Just three weeks after the mammoth earthquake that shook central New Zealand, an earthquake has rocked South Island and lower North Island of New Zealand but fortunately hasn't done any damage.

It was at a depth of 12km and was centred 10km east of Seddon.

Marlborough District Council mayor John Leggett told AAP he was at a Christmas parade when the quake occurred.

'We were down on the foreshore and we definitely felt it. It was pretty significant,' he said.

Wellington City Council spokesman Richard McLean said, 'emergency controllers have been talking to each other' but there are no reports of damage in the capital.

Seismograph

1 dead, 17 hurt due to 5.5 magnitude earthquake in Peru

graph
A 5.5-magnitude earthquake that struck southeastern Peru killed one person, injured 17 others and damaged dozens of homes, officials said Friday.

"Authorities in the district of Ocuviri have confirmed the death of a minor and 17 injured who are now being assisted by medics," the National Civil Defense Institute (INDECI) said on Twitter after Thursday's quake.

The quake in the Puno region hit at 5:40 pm (2240 GMT) on Thursday, its epicenter 58 kilometers (36 miles) from the town of Lampa and at a depth of 30 kilometers, according to the Geophysical Institute of Peru (IGP).

"Eight collapsed homes are reported in Lampa and 40 affected in the Paratia district. People are located in safe areas," INDECI had earlier reported, adding that communication with the area had been disrupted.

IGP head Hernando Tavera reported that "the population was scared and took to the streets" in Lampa, which has 15,000 residents.

Blue Planet

Powerful New Zealand earthquake exposes new land near Kaikoura

New land in New Zealand
© Sentinel data from the European Space Agency
Photo acquired November 25, 2016

On November 13, 2016, a powerful earthquake jolted the northeastern coast of New Zealand's South Island. The 7.8 magnitude quake lifted the seabed by 0.5 to 2 meters (2 to 7 feet) along a 20-kilometer stretch of the Kaikoura coast. In one area, the uplift was a remarkable 5.5 meters (18 feet).

The sudden shifting of such a huge quantity of rock produced some unusual sights. From above, satellites captured an image of a thin swath of newly exposed land ringing the Kaikoura Peninsula and other parts of South Island.

On November 25, 2016, a multispectral imager on the European Space Agency's Sentinel 2 satellite captured an image (second) of the newly exposed land near Kaikoura. For comparison, the first image—acquired by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8—shows the same area on October 12, 2016. The tidal water level was approximately the same in both cases.