Earth Changes
Indonesia straddles the Pacific Ring of Fire - and lately, this nation of islands has been living up to the region's fiery reputation. A number of so-called minor ash explosions from Mount Bromo on Sunday (Nov. 28) caused a nearby airport to close as scientists upgraded the volcano to its highest alert level, according to the Indian newspaper The Hindu. On the same island, Java, Mount Merapi's recent eruptions killed hundreds and prompted mass evacuations.
The eruption watch also continues in the straight just west of Java where Anak Krakatau has also been increasingly active lately.
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The heightened eruption alerts come just a couple weeks after Mount Merapi's relentless erupting killed more than 300 people.
Mount Merapi's devastation has been estimated at $611 million and pyroclastic flows have destroyed huge swaths of forest (and one unfortunately placed golf course), according to the People's Daily Online.
Tuesday, November 30, 2010 at 03:24:41 UTC
Tuesday, November 30, 2010 at 01:24:41 PM at epicenter
Time of Earthquake in other Time Zones
Location:
28.415°N, 139.139°E
Depth:
478.3 km (297.2 miles)
Region:
BONIN ISLANDS, JAPAN REGION
Distances:
335 km (210 miles) WNW of Chichi-shima, Bonin Islands, Japan
455 km (285 miles) NNW of Iwo Jima, Volcano Islands, Japan
525 km (325 miles) S of Hachijo-jima, Izu Islands, Japan
810 km (500 miles) S of TOKYO, Japan
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, 21 temblors were reported in the area since midday Friday.
The latest measured 2.1 in magnitude and was reported at 10:22 a.m. Monday.
The largest measuring 3.0 came at 1:47 a.m. Sunday and was felt throughout the Reno area.
Ken Smith is a seismologist with the University of Nevada, Reno.
He tells the Reno Gazette-Journal that the area of quake activity is about 5 miles west of the intersection of U.S. 395 and the Mount Rose Highway.
In 2008, a cluster of more than 1,000 small earthquakes shook the region for three months before subsiding.
In its latest bulletin, Phivolcs said that the quake occurred at around 7:27 p.m. and lasted for about 11 minutes. Clouds, however, prevented state volcanologists to visually observe it.
The statement did not say what distinguished an "explosion-type" earthquake from any other volcanic tremor.
Sulfur dioxide emission rate was measured at 13 tons per day.
About 11 volcanic quakes were also recorded by the seismic network around the volcano during the past 24-hour observation period.
Phivolcs said Bulusan's status remained at alert level 1 and the public was reminded not to venture into the four-kilometer permanent danger zone as sudden steam and ash explosions may occur.
Because the destruction was so widespread, many people witnessed the ground rip apart, which along with other observations and studies, is helping geologists piece together exactly what happened - and how to prevent future catastrophes.
The area of Wenchuan, China, was crippled by the 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck on May 12, 2008. The temblor killed more than 70,000 people, injured about 374,000, and left approximately 18,000 missing and presumed dead, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). More than 45.5 million people across 10 provinces were affected by the quake. Four million people lost their homes. Several cities were almost completely destroyed.
Before the 2008 quake, the region was downgraded to a low seismic risk, so the massive temblor caught many scientists by surprise, which isn't uncommon even in areas known to have frequent earthquakes.
The elephants - four females and one male all under the age of 5 - were found dead late Friday in Riau province on Sumatra island, said Edi Susanto, a government conservationist.
Susanto suspects that owners of nearby palm oil plantations used cyanide to poison the animals, which are known for damaging crops. He said an investigation is under way and samples from the dead elephants have been sent for analysis.
"We have told the district heads in Riau province to ban farmers from tending crops in the woods where the elephants search for food," Susanto said.
Only 3,000 Sumatran elephants are believed to remain in the wild, a number that dwindles each year with poaching and killing by farmers angry over crop losses.

A shepherd looking for his flock wades through deep snow on Commondale Moor in North Yorkshire as freezing temperatures grip Britain
Northern Ireland reached a new low of -8.6C (17F) at Aldergrove, in Belfast, and in Wales, a record minimum of -18C was recorded at Llysdinam.
Heavy snow is still falling in much of Scotland and north-east England, bringing travel disruption, and is set to last until Tuesday.
Forecasters says Siberian winds from Monday will make it feel even colder.
Met Office severe weather warnings for heavy snow and widespread ice remain in place for eastern Scotland, and north east England, down to Yorkshire and Humber.
Although there will be some sunshine in many parts of the UK, including East Anglia and North Wales later on Sunday, Northumberland, Durham, Nottingham and the Chilterns are set to get further snow showers.
With no significant rainfall thus far, the dire predictions about this winter have become a reality, the Water Authority said on Thursday.
With November nearing its end, Lake Kinneret will likely receive the least water since records started being kept in 1927.
No rain, the lack of humidity, and warm temperatures have increased the evaporation of the lake such that it is losing about half a centimeter a day. It is already a meter below the bottom red line. The lake is expected to break the record set in 2001 for least amount of drinking water available in the month of November.
"We are visiting the seven families and offering them support. Tomorrow [Sunday] we will go visit the hospitals," said Mthokozisi Duza, the head of the province's disaster management unit.
Sixty-seven people were also injured. Fourteen of were receiving treatment in local hospitals.
He said details about the incident were sketchy and an inquest docket had been opened.
Parents and children had gathered for a Christmas party on Friday afternoon at the Inkosiyethu crèche when the lightning struck.
Before dawn Friday a mudslide in a poor neighborhood near the capital's downtown area buried three children ages 11, 8 and 2, while leaving four people injured.
The bodies of the three young victims were recovered by firefighters, while the injured - two adults and two minors - were hospitalized.
On Thursday the downpours in Miranda state in the northern part of the country left two people dead and more than 1,000 families affected, the regional director of Civil Protection, Victor Lira, said.
The official said that the swollen Cupira River in the eastern part of the state swept away and drowned one person, while another was buried in a mudslide.
Streets were flooded in the Barlovento region of Miranda state, where "631 homes are flooded more than a meter (3 feet) deep in water," Lira said.












