Earth ChangesS


Bizarro Earth

US: Mysterious Maine Earthquakes Caused by Ice Age Rebound

Mid Coast Earthquakes
© Wire.comMid coast earthquakes.
On the last day of April and first five days of May, dozens of tiny earthquakes caused Maine's eastern coast to tremble. What could have shaken this geologically quiet region, located in the middle of a tectonic plate, far from any active faults?

The last ice age, say geologists. Like a trampoline's surface after liftoff, Earth's crust along the eastern seaboard is still springing back from the pressing weight of a massive ice sheet that has since melted. The earthquakes are a present-time reminder of processes that are prehistoric at a human scale, but from a geological perspective still ongoing.

"This action is still taking place," said Robert Marvinney, director of Maine's Bureau of Geology. "Five or ten thousand feet of ice weighs a lot."

Bizarro Earth

Close Call: Ozone Hole Nearly Opens Over Arctic

Polar Clouds
© Markus Rex, Alfred Wegener InstituteThese polar clouds, which are composed of frozen nitric acid and sulfuric acid, form when temperatures in the stratosphere fall below minus 108 F (minus 78 C). This is currently the case in vast sections of the Arctic. Chemical processes on the surface of the cloud particles transform the initially harmless chemicals from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into aggressive ozone-depleting substances.
The loss of ozone over Antarctica has been well-known since the late 1970s, when a major report exposed the crisis happening on the continent. But this spring, an Arctic hole in the ozone nearly opened up over the northern United Kingdom, Scandinavia and Russia.

Unusually cold temperatures in the stratosphere, the second layer of Earth's atmosphere, caused the Arctic near-miss, according to a statement by Jonathan Shanklin, the head of meteorology and ozone monitoring for the British Antarctic Survey (BAS). Most years, Shanklin wrote, the Arctic stratosphere is too warm for ozone-depleting chemical reactions to take place. This year, however, temperatures dove enough to destroy more than 40 percent of Arctic ozone.

Without the protective sheeting of ozone, more ultraviolet (UV) radiation reaches the Earth's surface. That makes ozone levels important for public health, said Ross Salawitch, a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at the University of Maryland who studies atmospheric chemistry.

Fish

US: Hundreds of fish die in Wichita park's pond

dead fish
© Mike Hutmacher/The Wichita EagleHundreds of fish have died at Buffalo Park pond in west Wichita because of lack of water, and the city expects the toll to climb to about 1,000.
Hundreds of fish have died at Buffalo Park pond in west Wichita because of lack of water, and the city expects the toll to climb to about 1,000.

A combination of three factors have contributed to the kill, said Doug Kupper, the city's parks and recreation director.

The pond, near Central and Maize Road, has been leaking from the bottom and suffering from an invasive plant that has been removing oxygen from the water for a couple of years. Recent hot weather has evaporated more of the water, he said.

Better Earth

US: Memphis eyes crest; New Orleans gets some flood help

Mississippi swamps some areas of Tenn. city; spillway opened to ease La. danger

Memphis, Tenn. - The city of Memphis braced for the Mississippi River to peak on Monday at a near record level, and downstream the U.S. government opened a spillway to relieve flooding pressure on low-lying New Orleans.

The Army Corps of Engineers began opening the Bonnet Carre spillway 28 miles north of New Orleans Monday morning to divert part of the river flow to Lake Pontchartrain. Opening the spillway has no impact on homes or businesses.

"We are not going to open it up full bore immediately," said Victor Landry, the Corps' Bonnet Carre operations manager. "It will be a slow release."

The spillway has been opened nine previous times, most recently in 2008. The Corps expects to have about half of the spillway's 350 bays open by later this week and it could be fully opened before the flood season ends, Landry said.


Attention

US: The Mississippi Nightmare Scenario

Mississippi 1927 flood map
© wiki commons
As the Mississippi River continues to rise and more residents are forced to evacuate, the great flood of 1927 is on a lot of Southern minds and questions of what's next on just as many lips.

According to reports in the Nashville Tennessean, history could be on the verge of repeating itself. To give a little perspective: in the Great Flood, the levees broke in 145 places, flooded 27,000 square miles in up to 30 feet of water over a stretch of land 100 miles long. At some points more than double the volume of Niagara Falls poured through as levees broke, nine states were affected and 246 people died.

Cloud Lightning

US: Mississippi, Winners and Losers as Army Corps Opens Floodgates

Mississippi River flooding
© Jeff Roberson/APWhen the Army Corps of Engineers blasted part of a levee holding back the Mississippi River last week, floodwater poured over Missouri farmland and surrounded this farm near New Madrid, Mo.
To handle all of the water flowing down the Mississippi River, the Army Corps of Engineers is opening the floodgates on a spillway north of New Orleans.

Opening the Bonnet Carre spillway diverts some of the floodwaters into Lake Pontchartrain and from there to the Gulf of Mexico. But nearly every flood control action taken by the Corps draws some controversy.

Attention

Quake Shifted Japan; Towns Now Flood at High Tide

japan Ishinomaki tidal flooding
© Associated PressResidents stroll in a flooded street in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The area in this part of the city sunk nearly 2 feet 7 inches (0.8 meter) following the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.
When water begins to trickle down the streets of her coastal neighborhood, Yoshiko Takahashi knows it is time to hurry home.

Twice a day, the flow steadily increases until it is knee-deep, carrying fish and debris by her front door and trapping people in their homes. Those still on the streets slosh through the sea water in rubber boots or on bicycle.

"I look out the window, and it's like our houses are in the middle of the ocean," says Takahashi, who moved in three years ago.

Umbrella

US: Vermont, Lake Champlain Floods Slow to Retreat

Lake Champlain Flood
© Emily McManamy, Free PressJake Ducharme (left) paddled a canoe from his home on Broadlake Rd. in Colchester to meet up with a group of friends waiting for him by the roadside
Anne Conlin's lakefront home on Appletree Point Road was holding its own Sunday, and pumps were draining lake water from the yard and the crawl-space under the 80-year-old house - pumping it, ironically perhaps, back into Lake Champlain.

"Where else?" she said.

The wind was gusting at 10 to 20 knots from the north, National Weather Service meteorologist John Goff said, and looking ahead, he said no rain was likely before Thursday.

That was good news.

Gear

Fine particles responsible for clouds and rain

Image
© aha-soft
Natural and man-made impurities in the atmosphere, referred to as aerosols, play a huge role in the world's weather system.

"Without them, there would be no cloud cover and no rain," Andy Mussoline of State College, Pa., a meteorologist for AccuWeather, said in a telephone interview.

Mussoline explained that aerosols are fine particles of solids and liquids - but mostly solids - that are virtually minute in size. He said the atmosphere literally carries tons of these miniscule floating debris.

These aerosols comprise such things as soot and ash from fires, dust propelled into the air by gusting winds, sea spray and huge quantities of ash and droplets of gas from the eruption of volcanoes.

Mussoline said it is these floating bit particles that make the clouds. He said they provide a surface for the water vapour to condense in forming the clouds.

Bizarro Earth

Earthquake Magnitude 6.3 - West of MacQuarie Island

MacQuarie Quake_090511
© USGSEarthquake Location
Date-Time:
Monday, May 09, 2011 at 18:54:42 UTC

Tuesday, May 10, 2011 at 04:54:42 AM at epicenter

Time of Earthquake in other Time Zones

Location:
56.612°S, 147.837°E

Depth:
1 km (~0.6 mile) (poorly constrained)

Region:
WEST OF MACQUARIE ISLAND

Distances:
730 km (453 miles) WSW of Macquarie Island, Australia

1192 km (740 miles) NNE of Dumont d'Urville, Antarctica

1523 km (946 miles) S of HOBART, Tasmania, Australia

2100 km (1304 miles) S of MELBOURNE, Victoria, Australia