Earth Changes
Frogs, toads and other amphibians are vanishing so fast nationwide that if the decline continues at the same rate, they'll be gone from half their current habitats in 20 years, a federal study has found.
U.S. Geological Survey officials on Wednesday unveiled the study, done over a decade, on 48 species at 34 sites from California to Colorado high-country to Florida swamps.
Federal scientists found that the declines are more widespread and severe than previously thought and that amphibian populations are disappearing at an overall rate of 3.7 percent each year.
Even species inside federally-protected areas, including Rocky Mountain National Park, are disappearing.
"Even in what we consider pristine areas, we are seeing amphibian decline," said Fort Collins-based USGS biologist Erin Muths, who helped conduct the study. "If anything is doing poorly in an area we think is protected, that says something about our level of protection and about what may be happening outside those areas."
Boreal toads, chorus frogs, wood frogs and salamanders were among the amphibians studied in Colorado.
Experts say warmer ocean temperatures have pushed small fish that the birds eat such as krill, squid and sardines into deeper and colder waters where they thrive. The muttonbirds have followed them to those colder waters.
Invercargill naturalist Lloyd Esler did an annual count of muttonbirds on Mason Bay, Stewart Island, at the weekend, which revealed the most dead muttonbirds he had seen in about 15 years.
Almost 2000 dead birds were found washed up on the shore compared with about 100 in previous years, he said.
There was a "glitch" in the food supply and it could be because warm currents moved small fish into water too deep for the birds to catch, Mr Esler said.
Kaumatua of Waihopai Runaka Michael Skerrett said muttonbirds were in terrible condition this season and the number of chicks were down.
It could be because of El Nino climatic conditions, he said.
Regular muttonbirder Jane Davis said the situation was probably as bad as it could be.
While there were good hatching numbers at the Titi Islands most ended up dying at the mouth of their nest because they were not being fed, she said.
Situated in the Aleutian Arc about 625 miles (1,000 kilometers) southwest of Anchorage, Pavlof began erupting on May 13, 2013. The volcano jetted lava into the air and spewed an ash cloud 20,000 feet (6,000 meters) high. When photograph ISS036-E-2105 (top) was taken, the space station was about 475 miles south-southeast of the volcano (49.1° North latitude, 157.4° West longitude). The volcanic plume extended southeastward over the North Pacific Ocean.
The remains, together with those of dolphins and sea turtles, turned up over the past two weeks near the port of Eten some 750 kilometres north of the capital Lima, Carlos Yaipen of the non-government organisation ORCA told AFP.
"Initial reports indicate that between 30 and 50 sea lions were found, with signs they were killed with rat poison," Yaipen said.
A spokesman for the Peru Sea Institute confirmed the find but placed the number of dead sea lions below 20.
An investigation has been launched to determine what caused the deaths, he said.
According to Yaipen, the area's fishermen consider the sea lions - a protected species - as competition, often feeding them fish filled with poison that at times are also consumed by turtles and dolphins.
Yaipen also appealed to authorities to step up their oversight of the fishing industry and the use of poisonous substances, saying these can also affect human health.
Source: Australian Associated Press

A huge tornado approaches the town of Moore, Oklahoma, near Oklahoma City, May 20, 2013
As the displaced residents of the Oklahoma City suburbs came to terms with the devastation around them Monday night pundits were already speculating that the tornado was one of the worst to ever hit the US, a dubious distinction for the newly homeless.
The most destructive twister struck Ellington, Missouri at approximately 1:01 pm on March 18, 1925.The Great Tri-State Tornado traveled through Missouri before entering Illinois and finally dissipating in rural Indiana more than three hours after the vortex was first spotted.
At least 695 people were killed in the Tri-State tornado with another 2,027 injured and $16.5 million in damage (over $1.4 billion in today's dollars). The tornado registered as an F5, the highest possible on the Fujita scale. Unfortunately, like Monday's tragedy in Oklahoma, areas with schools were the worst hit, with nine in all being demolished.
So far the majority of sightings have been in Virginia and other southern states
Further north the weather has been too cool but the emergence of Brood II emergence isn't expected to be too far away
The cicadas invasion of the East Coast has begun, with the insects spotted everywhere from Virginia to Massachusetts.
The infestation, named Brood II by scientists, has not been seen since 1996. Before that it last appeared in 1979.
So far the majority of sightings have been in Virginia and other southern states, where some people have found hundreds in their backyards accompanied by the insects' loud chorus call.

The invasion has arrived: Cicadas swarm outside a house in Fredericksburg, Virginia, while two cats look on through a screen door
Further north the weather has been too cool in the likes of New England and New York for a full-blown Brood II emergence, but it isn't expected to be too far away.
Cicadas are expected to emerge from the ground in the billions in the next couple of weeks as soil temperature reaches 64 degrees Fahrenheit.
Volcanologists are heading to the site to evaluate the activity," the statement said. Experts said Tuesday's activity is "normal for an active volcano such as Turrialba," but they recommended all nearby communities remain vigilant in coming hours. The released material fell into grasslands and communities in the canton of Turrialba and reached some three kilometers west of the crater. The trail of gases and ash can be seen from various locations in the provinces of Cartago, San José, Heredia and Limón. Public access to the volcano area was closed last year due to the activity. The Turrialba Volcano also emitted material in 2007, 2010 and 2012. The last eruptions of the volcano were in 1884. - Tico Times

A caribou pauses near the Meadowbank gold mine near Baker Lake, Nunavut in 2009. New data suggest the south Baffin Island population has declined by more than 95 per cent in the last two decades
A survey by the territory of Nunavut in northeastern Canada conducted in 2012 and released last Thursday, confirms what elders and hunters have been saying, that it's getting much harder to find caribou there.
Estimates from the early 1990's put the herd number between 60-thousand to 180 thousand.
This recent survey, announced by Nunavut's environment minister, James Arreak, is the first comprehensive count of the animals. Elders, hunters and communities have expressed The survey report is called "Estimating the Abundance of South Baffin Caribou.

Some of the sufferers Steve Ingram, Paul Chesher, Jane Ingram, Marilyn Woosey, Gill Peace, and Louise Cleaver.
Jane and Steve Ingram said life at their quiet Herbrandston home became unbearable when a low, drowning noise started keeping them awake at night.
Jane, who began to hear the drone back in 2009, said she hasn't had a full night's sleep in years and has even considered moving house.
She said: "At first it was a noise similar to a car engine running. I would get up in the middle of the night to see if there was a car out there, and there never was.
"And when I put my head on the pillow, I hear big machines drilling underground. It's torturous."
Over the last few years the noise has been described as a constant humming, a low drone, or vibration, which goes on and off throughout the night.
The couple thought the noise was emanating from one of the two oil refineries or LNG facilities on their doorstep, and last August they contacted Port Health and the Environment Agency, which launched an investigation.
Although the investigation detected low frequency noise at 63 Herz (42decibels), its source remained a mystery.








