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Study: Believing you've slept well, even if you haven't, improves performance

Julie Beck
The Atlantic
Mon, 27 Jan 2014 09:00 UTC
Sleep
© The Atlantic
Problem: Who even sleeps anymore? You and everyone you know are probably loading yourselves up with coffee or whatever your stimulant of choice is so you can plod through your day as some semblance of an upright human being.

Then you get home and you don't go to bed early enough because this is the only me-time you get, damn it, and if you want to watch three hours of Netflix, then you will. Or you try to go to sleep but you fail and end up tossing and turning, because sleeping is actually kind of hard, and the more you want it, the more it slips through your grasp.

But maybe the knowledge that you aren't sleeping enough is part of what's keeping you trapped in your swamp of lethargy during the day. Maybe if you were sweetly, blithely ignorant of your somnial failings, you'd feel more chipper and work more efficiently.

In a recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, researchers from Colorado College tested the effects of being told you're getting enough sleep - "placebo sleep," as they call it.
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Bulb

How Thinking Works: Cognitive Psychology studies everyone should know

Jeremy Dean
PsyBlog
Mon, 27 Jan 2014 11:39 UTC
brain wiring
How experts think, the power of framing, the miracle of attention, the weird world of cognitive biases and more...

Fifty years ago there was a revolution in psychology which changed the way we think about the mind.

The 'cognitive revolution' inspired psychologists to start thinking of the mind as a kind of organic computer, rather than as an impenetrable black box which would never be understood.

Comment: A few good books that go deeper in how our thinking works - mostly unbeknownst to us - are:
Strangers to Ourselves: Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious
Thinking, Fast and Slow
You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You're Deluding Yourself

For discussions on subjects of Cognitive Psychology, check this forum thread.

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Butterfly

Can you foresee the death of a loved one...and choose the exact moment you die? These accounts from an intensive care nurse will astonish you

Penny Sartori
The Daily Mail, UK
Sun, 26 Jan 2014 20:17 UTC
Image
© Getty Images/Vetta
Why do so many people who have had a near death experience describe hauntingly similar visions? Intensive care nurse Penny Sartori has spent years investigating them
Why do so many people who have had a near death experience describe hauntingly similar visions? Intensive care nurse Penny Sartori has spent years investigating them. On Saturday, she told how such experiences defy rational explanation. Here, in part two of a special series she reveals the stories of those who have foreseen the death of relatives - and how we may be able to control the timing of our own deaths.

Four years ago, children's author Shelley E. Parker suddenly had a strong premonition that her fiancé was about to die. This made no sense at all. If anyone was going to die, it was more likely to be Shelley herself, as she was seriously ill with cancer.

But that night in hospital, her premonition was reinforced by a bizarre dream in which she met God.

She recalled every moment of it when she woke: how God had told her that it was time for Steven to go, and turned down her plea to take her instead.

Comment: See other series by Penny Sartori:

Is this proof near-death experiences are real? Extraordinary new book by intensive care nurse reveals dramatic evidence she says should banish our fear of dying

The children who have near-death experiences - then lead charmed lives: Study reveals youngsters as young as six months can have lucid visions

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Butterfly

Is this proof near-death experiences are real? Extraordinary new book by intensive care nurse reveals dramatic evidence she says should banish our fear of dying

Penny Sartori
Daily Mail, UK
Sat, 25 Jan 2014 09:30 UTC
near death experiences

The Ascent of the Blessed, detail from a panel of an alterpiece of the Last Judgement. Historic texts are filled with accounts of near-death visions. Are they to be ignored so readily?
As a nurse, I'm always cheered when I see a patient who appears to be making a good recovery. That certainly seemed the case with 60-year-old Tom Kennard, who'd been suffering from sepsis after surgery for cancer.

After a couple weeks in the intensive care ward, he was well enough to be moved from his hospital bed to a chair. Moments later, however, he suddenly slumped into unconsciousness.

There was no doubt at all that he was out cold. He responded neither to my urgent questions nor to the painful pressure of my Biro on his fingernails.

Worse still, his skin became clammy, his oxygen levels dropped and his blood pressure plummeted - clear signs that his condition had become critical.

As I quickly gave him extra oxygen, I called out to the other nurses in the intensive care unit. Four of them immediately flocked to Tom's bedside, and we gently helped return him to his bed as we called for a doctor urgently.

Comment: See also:

Near Death Experience - Former Skeptic Shares Glimpse of Heaven

Senator claims angels visited him in hospital

Back from the Dead?

Out of body experiences validated by scientific study

And on the same subject, listen tonight, Sunday Jan. 26, to our SOTT Radio Show which deals with these matters:

Spirit Release Therapy: Patrick Rodriguez & Heather Hayes interview

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Question

Men forget more than women

Jeremy Dean
PsyBlog
Sat, 25 Jan 2014 04:09 UTC
glasses man
© Daniela Vladimirova
It's a mystery: men report their memory is worse than women. A new study finds for the first time that men, on average, think they are more forgetful than women. The results come from a large study of 48,000 people, conducted in Norway (Holmen et al., 2013). In the study, people were asked nine questions about how good they think their memory is.

The questions asked included:
  • Whether they had problems remembering names and dates.
  • How good they were at remembering details of conversations.
  • If they could remember what they were doing one year ago.
For eight of the nine questions men reported more problems with their memory.
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Cheeseburger

Food addiction linked to impulsive personality in some cases

April Flowers
RedOrbit
Sat, 25 Jan 2014 12:34 UTC
Food Addiction
© Poznyakov/Shutterstock
New research from the University of Georgia (UGA), published in the journal Appetite, reveals that the same kinds of impulsive behavior that leads some individuals to abuse alcohol and drugs may also contribute to an unhealthy relationship with food.

The research team found that people with impulsive personalities were more likely to report higher levels of food addiction, which can lead to obesity. Food addiction is a compulsive pattern of eating that is similar to drug addiction.

"The notion of food addiction is a very new one, and one that has generated a lot of interest," James MacKillop, associate professor of psychology at the Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, told UGA's James Hataway. "My lab generally studies alcohol, nicotine and other forms of drug addiction, but we think it's possible to think about impulsivity, food addiction and obesity using some of the same techniques."

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than one-third of American adults are obese. This puts them at greater risk for heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes and certain types of cancer. Researchers estimated the annual medical cost of obesity to be $147 billion in 2008, while obese individuals pay, on average, $1,429 more in medical expenses than those of normal weight.

MacKillop collaborated with doctoral students Cara Murphy and Monika Stojek on this study. The team hopes that their research will ultimately help physicians and other experts plan treatments and interventions for obese people who have developed an addiction to food, paving the way for a healthier lifestyle.

Comment: One of the good ways to curb cravings and deal with food addiction is following high-fat/low-carb Ketogenic diet.
The Ketogenic Diet - An Overview
Is the Ketogenic Diet the cure for multiple diseases?
Ketogenic diet plan
Low-carb, high-fat ketogenic diet fuels rapid weight loss
Opening Pandora's Bread Box: The Critical Role of Wheat Lectin in Human Disease

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Eye 1

Is your partner a sociopath?

Dr. Jane McGregor
Welldoing.org
Thu, 23 Jan 2014 05:27 UTC
Partner Sociopath
© Welldoing.org
Sociopaths are people with little or no conscience or ability to empathize with other peoples' feelings. One sociopath in the course of their lifetime will harm many people but hurt most those with whom they have intimate and close relations. Although many operate as seeming 'model citizens', behind the façade they have interpersonal deficits such as grandiosity, arrogance and deceitfulness, lack of guilt and empathy, and impulsive and occasionally criminal behaviours.

It's easy to miss these traits in someone you love because you are not expecting to see them. Sociopaths are more numerous than is supposed; some estimates suggesting one person in every 25 has sociopathic traits. Here's a story about one sociopath who almost destroyed his wife and family's life.

Comment: See also:

SOTT Talk Radio: Women Who Love Psychopaths - With Sandra L. Brown

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Chalkboard

Out of body experiences validated by scientific study


Spirit Science and Metaphysics
Thu, 23 Jan 2014 07:52 UTC
Image
© Louish.Pixel - flickr.com/louish
Are out-of-body experiences valid? Dr. Crookall at the University of Aberdeen has written 9 books on out-of-body cases due to the overwhelming amount of evidence in their favour. A survey of 380 Oxford students showed that 34% had an OBE. A separate survey of 902 adults revealed that 8% have had an OBE. In a study of 44 non-Western societies, only 3 did not hold a belief in OBEs. Another study showed that out of 488 world societies, 89% had at least some tradition regarding OBEs. So this phenomenon is familiar and lots of people claimed to have experienced it before, but is there any scientific credibility to this phenomenon?

A fascinating experiment was done by Dr. Charles Tart, who was a Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of California. He had also served as a Visiting Professor in East-West Psychology at the California Institute of Integral Studies, and as an Instructor in Psychiatry at the School of Medicine of the University of Virginia. A study he published in the Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research may be the most infamous OBE study ever done.
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Bulb

Liars find it more rewarding to tell truth than fib when deceiving others

Kang Lee and Dominic Ali
University of Toronto
Thu, 23 Jan 2014 16:08 UTC
Image
A University of Toronto report based on two neural imaging studies that monitored brain activity has found individuals are more satisfied to get a reward from telling the truth rather than getting the same reward through deceit. These studies were published recently in the neuroscience journals Neuropsychologia and NeuroImage.

"Our findings together show that people typically find truth-telling to be more rewarding than lying in different types of deceptive situations," says Prof. Kang Lee from the University of Toronto.

The findings are based on two studies of Chinese participants using a new neuroimaging method called near-infrared spectroscopy. The studies are among the first to address the question of whether lying makes people feel better or worse than truth-telling.

The studies explored two different types of deception. In first order deception, the recipient does not know the deceiver is lying. In second order deception, the deceivers are fully aware that the recipient knows their intention, such as bluffing in poker.
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Einstein

The myth of cognitive decline: Elderly know more and use it better

Jeremy Dean
PsyBlog
Thu, 23 Jan 2014 15:14 UTC
Image
© Todd Baker
A steady decline? Experts question whether the human brain really slows down with age.

Linguistic experts argue in new research that people's brains do not slow down with age, but actually show the benefits of experience.

Tests that had previously been taken to show cognitive decline as people age, they maintain, are actually showing the effects of having more information to process.

The linguists, from the German University of Tübingen, publish their findings in the journal Topics in Cognitive Science (Ramscar et al., 2014).

While accepting that physiological diseases of old age clearly exist, they say that the usual cognitive changes associated with age are exactly what you'd expect as the brain gathers more experience.

Remembering names

As linguists, they decided to test their theory using words - specifically the number of words that a person learns across their lifetime.

They set up a computer simulation to model this. As the simulation got 'older', it began to slow down as it learnt more words - exactly as people do with ageing.
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