Secret HistoryS


Treasure Chest

'Mother Lode' of amazingly preserved fossils discovered in Canada

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© Jean-Bernard CaronA cleaned and preserved Leanchoilid fossil reveals the animal's delicate appendages.
A treasure trove of fossils chiseled out of a canyon in Canada's Kootenay National Park rivals the famous Burgess Shale, the best record of early life on Earth, scientists say.

"Once we started to break fresh rock, we realized we had discovered something incredibly special," said Robert Gaines, a geologist at Pomona College in Pomona, Calif., and co-author of a new study announcing the find. "It was an extraordinary moment."

The Burgess Shale refers to both a fossil find and a 505-million-year-old rock formation made of mud and clay. The renowned Burgess Shale fossil quarry, a UNESCO World Heritage site located in Yoho National Park, is in a glacier-carved cliff in the Canadian Rockies. The fossils were discovered in 1909. Since then, several other fossil sites have been found in the Burgess Shale, but none as rich as the original.

Book 2

Incredible 16th Century illustrated manuscript depicts the same Earth Changes events being seen today

Fire in the sky, torrential rains, droughts and Biblical floods - all supposedly brought on by the sins and wickedness of man. Is it really a surprise we are hearing it all once again today?

Hailstorm
© Taschen Verlag/amazon.deHail storm in Dordrecht, Holland, May 17, 1552.
The online Spiegel today has a report on a new book titled The Book of Miracles which presents and examines a collection of 16th century depictions of celestial phenomena and portentous signs. They were recently discovered as part of a collection of 169 illustrations created in Augsburg, Germany around 1552. End-of-world visions, it turns out, are a human mental disorder that has been around for as long as civilization itself.


Comment: A "mental disorder", eh? Somebody needs to look out his window more often!

And read history.


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Dead birds falling from the sky... sound familiar?
The images were created as Europe was in the grips of the Little ice Age, a time of bad weather, bitter cold, storms and crop failures, starvation and human misery. The 16th century depictions reveal images of a civilization obsessed with the end-of-the-world. Priests and elitists of the time conducted terrifying witch hunts to find those allegedly responsible for the black magic that cooked up the extreme weather.

Sound familiar?

Comment:
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'Triple Suns' appearing in the sky... ring any bells?
Actually, the only antidote is to wipe the slate clean. This is no "mental disorder". This is paleontological fact: civilization is periodically destroyed or severely retarded.

Sure, global warming blamed on human-produced CO2 that will only cause damage 100 years from now is a scam - of course it is, it's a tar baby set up by the elites so they can control people and assuage their growing restlessness as the climate goes kaflooey - but how anyone can think 'everything is normal' with the weather - planetary and cosmic - these days is baffling.

Clearly, given that about everything drawn in the book has been reported numerous times around the world in the last ten years or so, what this incredible manuscript shows us is not "what people in olden days were hallucinating about"... but what they were ACTUALLY SEEING the last time around.

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Fire falling from the sky, cities inundated, people seeking shelter. You tell us: are people out there in the world today just hallucinating all those meteor fireballs, and floods?



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Ancient British diets traced by archaeologists and chemists

Ancient Bowl
© Alison Sheridan, National Museum of Scotland Early Neolithic Carinated Bowl from Knocknab, Dumfries & Galloway.
The change by our ancestors from hunter-gathers to farmers is one of the most intensively researched aspects of archaeology. Now a large-scale investigation of British archaeological sites dating from around 4,600 BC to 1,400 AD has examined millions of fragments of bone and analyzed over 1,000 cooking pots.

The team, led by Professor Richard Evershed of the University of Bristol's School of Chemistry, developed new techniques in an effort to identify fish oils in the pots. Remarkably, they showed that more than 99 per cent of the earliest farmer's cooking pots lacked sea food residues.

Other clues to ancient diets lie within human bones themselves, explored by the Cardiff group led by Dr Jacqui Mulville. The sea passes on a unique chemical signature to the skeletons of those eating seafood; while the early fisher folk possessed this signature it was lacking in the later farmers.

Lead author of the study, Dr Lucy Cramp said: "The absence of lipid residues of marine foods in hundreds of cooking pots is really significant. It certainly stacks up with the skeletal isotope evidence to provide a clear picture that seafood was of little importance in the diets of the Neolithic farmers of the region."

Returning to the pots, the Bristol team used a compound-specific carbon isotope technique they have developed to identify the actual fats preserved in the cooking pots, showing that dairy products dominated the menu right across Britain and Ireland as soon as cattle and sheep arrived.

Dominoes

Did a megadrought force the Huns to invade Europe?

Huns and drought
By the late-fourth century the later Roman Empire experienced an invasion by nomadic peoples from Asia - the Huns. This invasion would intensify in the years 447 to 453 under the Hun leader Attila. This would be the start of several invasions into Europe from the East during the Middle Ages, ending with the Mongol Empire.

While the arrival of the Mongols in Eastern Europe is better known, historians have few clues to why the Huns and Avars migrated from Central Asia. A recent article by Edward R. Cook, a climate research specialist at Columbia University, offers some new insights.

In his article, 'Megadroughts, ENSO, and the Invasion of Late-Roman Europe by the Huns and Avars', Cook analyzes records related to the El-Nino Southern Oscillation - a periodic episode when warmer waters off the west coast of South America cause significant climate change across the Pacific region. Researchers have been able to track the effects of the El-Nino Southern Oscillation system going back over two thousand years by examining tree ring patterns from both New Mexico and New Zealand.

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The fascinating history of eugenics

Eugenics
© Today I Found Out
The name deriving from the Greek "eugenes," meaning "well-born," it should be no surprise that "eugenics" seeks to engineer a better human race by purposefully selecting good traits, and eliminating bad ones, as is common when breeding animals.

Over the years, eugenics has had a number of proponents, from some of the greatest and most admires thinkers in western civilization to the worst human monsters to ever walk the earth.

Ancient Eugenics

Eugenics is as old as Plato (although he didn't call it that) and in The Republic, Plato (428-347 BC) argued that the state should control the reproduction of its ruling classes:
The good must be paired with the good, and the bad with the bad, and the offspring of the one must be reared and of the other destroyed; in this way the flock will be preserved in prime condition.
Although his views tempered with age, even at the end he thought ruling class marriages should be conducted "under the supervision of a board of matrons, appointed by the magistrates."

This thinking was in line with, although more humane than, the common practice of infanticide in Sparta, which was used to keep that population in fighting shape.

Cow Skull

900-year-old coded Viking message carved on wood fragment finally solved, it says "Kiss me"

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© Jonas Nordby via forskning.no
For the past several years researchers have been trying to crack a Viking rune alphabet known as Jötunvillur, a perplexing code dating back to the 11th or 12th century that's been found in some 80 inscriptions including the scratched piece of wood found above. Recently runologist (!) Jonas Nordby from the University of Oslo managed to crack the code and discovered the secret message etched into this particular 900-year-old object reads "Kiss me." Via Medievalists.net:
For the jötunvillur code, one would replace the original runic character with the last sound of the rune name. For example, the rune for 'f', pronounced fe, would be turned into an 'e', while the rune for 'k', pronounced kaun, became 'n'.

"It's like solving a puzzle," said Nordby to the Norwegian website forskning.no. "Gradually I began to see a pattern in what was apparently meaningless combinations of runes."

However, those thinking that the coded runes will reveal deep secrets of the Norse will be disappointed. The messages found so far seem to be either used in learning or have a playful tone. In one case the message was 'Kiss me'. Nordby explains "We have little reason to believe that rune codes should hide sensitive messages, people often wrote short everyday messages."
The act of coding secret messages appears to have been a leisure activity amongst the Vikings, as some of the other translated inscriptions turned out to be playful taunts at the person doing the decoding. The story was originally reported on forskning.no. (via Erik Kwakkel, Neatorama)

Hourglass

Medieval mass grave found near Florence's Uffizi museum

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Victims of The Plague of Justinian?
A building site near the Uffizi museum has uncovered what archeologists believe could be a mass grave dating back to the sixth or seventh century AD, possibly during a plague.

The dig found 60 bodies laid out head-to-toe in a manner that could indicate hasty burial and need to optimize space in view of many more deaths, possibly because of a fatal epidemic.

''The remains have been unearthed over five months, and bear no evidence of trauma'', said Tuscany Archeology Superintendent Andrea Pessina. ''We will conduct DNA and carbon-14 tests to determine the cause and time of death, as well as information on diet, pathologies, and work-related stresses at the time''.

The entire operation is being filmed in 3D for future museum exhibitions.

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Ancient baby DNA suggests tie to Native Americans

Clovis Tool
© Sarah L. Anzick/Associated Press This undated photo provided by researcher Sarah L. Anzick shows the end of a beveled rod of bone and an incompleted projectile point from a Clovis-era burial site found in 1968 in western Montana. Scientists have recovered and analyzed the DNA of an infant who died more than 12,000 years ago
New York - The DNA of a baby boy who was buried in Montana 12,600 years ago has been recovered, and it provides new indications of the ancient roots of today's American Indians and other native peoples of the Americas.

It's the oldest genome ever recovered from the New World. Artifacts found with the body show the boy was part of the Clovis culture, which existed in North America from about 13,000 years ago to about 12,600 years ago and is named for an archaeological site near Clovis, N.M.

The boy's genome showed his people were direct ancestors of many of today's native peoples in the Americas, researchers said. He was more closely related to those in Central and South America than to those in Canada. The reason for that difference isn't clear, scientists said.

The researchers said they had no Native American DNA from the United States available for comparison, but that they assume the results would be same, with some Native Americans being direct descendants and others also closely related.

The DNA also indicates the boy's ancestors came from Asia, supporting the standard idea of ancient migration to the Americas by way of a land bridge that disappeared long ago.

The burial site, northeast of Livingston, Mont., is the only burial known from the Clovis culture. The boy was between 1 year and 18 months old when he died of an unknown cause.

He was buried with 125 artifacts, including spear points and elk antler tools. Some were evidently ritual objects or heirlooms. The artifacts and the skeleton were covered with powdered red ochre, a natural pigment, indicating a burial ceremony.

The skeleton was discovered in 1968 next to a rock cliff, but it's only in recent years that scientists have been able to recover and analyze complete genomes from such ancient samples.

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Drug references found on walls of ancient Egyptian school

Ancient School
© Photo by Eugene Ball CC Attibution 2.5 GenericArchaeologists have discovered a 1,700-year-old school, with Greek writings on its walls, at the ancient town of Trimithis at the Dakhla Oasis in the western desert of Egypt.
Archaeologists working in the western desert of Egypt have discovered a school dating back about 1,700 years that contains ancient Greek writings on its walls, including a text about ancient drug use that references Homer's The Odyssey.

The school - which contains benches that students could sit on to read, or stand on and write on the walls - dates back to a time when the Roman Empire controlled Egypt, and Greek was widely spoken.

In use for less than 20 years, the school structure eventually became part of a large house that contained colorful art, including images of the Olympian gods, the researchers said.

The house and school are located in the ancient town of Trimithis (modern-day Amheida), which is in the Dakhla Oasis, about 200 miles (322 kilometers) west of the Nile River. The house, and some of the art, was first discovered in 1979. In 2001, a new exploration project at Amheida, now sponsored primarily by New York University, led to the discovery of the school, its Greek writings and more art scenes from the house.

Snowflake Cold

Tusk of ice age mammoth uncovered by workers in Seattle

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© Unknown
A mammoth tusk from the ice age was found while construction workers were digging in Seattle's South Lake Union area Tuesday.

Workers at 528 Pontius Ave. North found the tusk about 1.5 stories down and immediately stopped digging and roped off the area pending confirmation.

Experts from the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture were called in to examine the find.

"Burke Museum paleontologists have examined the fossil and we are confident that it represents a tusk from an ice age mammoth," Christian Sidor, curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, said later Tuesday.

"Because the fossil is on private property and does not seem to be associated with an archaeological site, it is up to the landowner to decide what they would like to do with the tusk," Sidor said. "We are happy to excavate the fossil if the landowner would like to take that step.

"The discovery of a mammoth tusk in South Lake Union is a rare opportunity to directly study Seattle's ancient natural history. As a public repository, the Burke Museum would be pleased to curate the tusk and provide access to scientists and others wishing to study it," he said.