Secret HistoryS


Archaeology

Siberia was a major centre of early skull surgery in ancient times

Kate Baklitskaya
Siberian Times
Thu, 06 Jun 2013 12:00 UTC
Siberia was a major centre of early skull surgery in ancient times, say archeologists
© Tyumen Institute of Northern Development of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences'In other words, it was a craniotomy surgery, or trepanation - quite likely one of the first ones in this part of the world'.
A new find of remains of a child aged 8 to 10 dating from around the 5th century AD suggests a sophisticated knowledge of surgical skills.

The skull has an oval-shaped hole cut into the cranial bone sized at 52 to 57 millimetres which hi-tech analysis shows to be 'the result of a deliberate action performed to remove a portion of the skull bone. It was made by a very sharp tool, quite possible a knife, thin, narrow and with a very sharpened blade.

'In other words, it was a craniotomy surgery, or trepanation - quite likely one of the first ones in this part of the world'.

Comment: Elongated skulls have been found all over the world, whose origins or cause may be different; trepanation also seems to have been practised in many places too:

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Archaeology

Immense pyramids at Ecuador's Cochasquí archeological site provide evidence of a lost civilization

Alicia McDermott
Ancient Origins
Thu, 15 Feb 2018 00:00 UTC
Cochasqui Ecuador pyramids
© Alicia McDermottPart of the Cochasquí archaeological site. (Santiago Martinez/ L. Ortiz) A mask found at the site.
The archaeological sites in Ecuador are often overshadowed by more popular locations in neighboring Colombia and Peru. However, archaeology enthusiasts have a wealth of options including more than just well-known Ingapirca to admire. Take for example the huge, 83.9-hectare site of Cochasqui, where pyramids and sacred animals patiently remind us that Ecuadorian archaeology holds more secrets than most people recognize. The debate is on: was Cochasquí a home for Quitu Cara elite, an astronomical observatory, a fortress, a sanctuary, or did it serve some combination of functions?

Architecture and Archaeology of the Site

There are 15 flat-topped pyramids constructed at Cochasquí. Nine of them have ramps. 21 large, circular funerary mounds have also been noted. This is not a small site!
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MIB

The Deep State and the history of the FBI: Federal Blackmail Investigation

Finian Cunningham
Strategic Culture Foundation
Wed, 21 Feb 2018 14:36 UTC
FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation
It's hilariously naive how mainstream American news media feign an air of disdain concerning accusations of impropriety by the Federal Bureau of Investigation during the last presidential elections.

Allegations that senior ranks of the FBI were involved in "dirty tricks" to fix the 2016 presidential vote in favor of Democrat candidate Hillary Clinton - potentially highly criminal conduct - are treated as if such allegations are scurrilous distractions thrown up by the Trump White House or Republican supporters.

When President Donald Trump has alluded to FBI collusion with the previous Obama Democrat administration to destroy his election campaign, or when Republican congressmen released a secret memo earlier this month also suggesting Deep State dirty tricks, there were gasps of disdain among major news media. Outlets like the New York Times and CNN affected a sanctimonious air that such allegations were contemptible slurs against the honor of the Feds - the nation's top law-enforcement agency.

"Don't dare impugn the reputation of our law officers," is the attitude. Former FBI director James Comey - who was fired by Trump - is held up as a paragon of civic duty and squeaky-clean conduct. So too is Robert Mueller, a previous FBI chief who is carrying out a probe into alleged Russian collusion during the last election.

Comment: John F. Kennedy, J. Edgar Hoover, Organized Crime and the Global Village

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Ice Cube

During the Little Ice Age Empires collapsed while the Netherlands flourished

Dagomar Degroot
Washington Post
Mon, 19 Feb 2018 12:00 UTC
To adjust to new weather patterns, the Dutch developed such inventions as the “sailing car” or ”land yacht,” which used wind power to haul people and goods along beaches.
© Rijksmuseum/RijksmuseumTo adjust to new weather patterns, the Dutch developed such inventions as the “sailing car” or ”land yacht,” which used wind power to haul people and goods along beaches.
We are changing Earth's climate with terrifying speed. In the past, natural forces provoked slower climate changes. We now know that they were still big and fast enough to shape the fates of past societies. Climate change then brought disaster to most societies, but a few prospered. Perhaps the most successful of all emerged in the coastal fringes of the Netherlands, and it has left us with lessons that may help us prepare for our warmer future.


Comment: Research has shown previous climatic shifts were not slow: Ice Ages start and end so suddenly, "it's like a button was pressed," say scientists


Based on glacial ice samplings, stalagmites, ocean- and lake-bed sediments, tree rings and other assessments, it's clear that sometime in the 13th century, Earth's climate cooled. Huge volcanic eruptions lofted dust high into the stratosphere, blocking sunlight just as the sun slipped into a less-active phase, sending less energy to Earth. Sea ice expanded, wind patterns changed and ocean currents shifted. In many regions, torrential rains alternated with unprecedented droughts.


Comment: All of those same signs can be seen today: Revision to 400-year sunspot record makes current solar cycle weakest in 200 years


A period called the "Little Ice Age" had begun, reaching its coldest point in the 16th century.

Comment: To read more about our real history, as hinted at in myth and legend, proven through research, and how those same events are happening today, see: Also check out our monthly documentary: SOTT Earth Changes Summary - January 2018: Extreme Weather, Planetary Upheaval, Meteor Fireballs

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Fire

75 years ago humanity witnessed the birth of Paricutín Volcano in Oaxaca, Mexico

David Bressan
Forbes
Tue, 20 Feb 2018 20:09 UTC
The volcano of Parícutin soon after its birth in 1943. Photo by K. Segerstrom
The volcano of Parícutin soon after its birth in 1943. Photo by K. Segerstrom
On February 20, 1943, the farmer Dionisio Pulido observed the birth of a volcano. For weeks the ground near the village of Uruapan, about 200 miles west of Mexico City, had been trembling and deep underground rumblings were heard. That day the earth rose up more than six feet and from a fissure ash and vapors were emitted with a loud hissing sound. In the night a cone of ash formed. Another farmer, Celedonio Gutierrez, described the scene as follows: "In the evening, when night began to fall, we heard noises like the surge of the sea, and red flames of fire rose into the darkened sky, some rising 2,600 feet or more into the air, that burst like golden marigolds, and a rain like artificial fire fell to the ground."

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Magnify

Ancient elephants & Mayan shrine: World's largest underwater caves reveal staggering history (VIDEO)


RT
Tue, 20 Feb 2018 13:31 UTC
Mayan cave
© Gran Acuifero Maya, INAH
Archaeologists in Mexico have been showing off discoveries unearthed during their aquatic expeditions into the world's largest underwater cave.

Researchers from the Gran Acuifero Maya (GAM) exploration and preservation group presented ancient relics recovered from the site on Monday, including fossils of a type of ancient elephant, giant sloths and a shrine to a Mayan god. It's believed that desperate animals ventured into the caves in search of water at times of severe drought, some of which then became trapped.

Comment: See also:

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People 2

"Mosaic" skulls linked to mysterious Denisovan humans who became extinct in last ice age

Jamie Seidel
news.com.au
Fri, 03 Mar 2017 13:43 UTC
New hominid skulls unearthed in China suggest a ‘hybrid’ human, mixed from humans, neandertals and a third unknown bloodline
© BBC: Walking with CavemenNew hominid skulls unearthed in China suggest a ‘hybrid’ human, mixed from humans, neandertals and a third unknown bloodline
Two 100,000-year-old skulls unearthed in China are up-ending ideas about human evolution. They appear to be hybrids of humans, neanderthals - and a third mysterious race.

The partial skulls, unearthed at the Lingjing excavation site in Xuchang, central China, offer new evidence of the behaviour and distribution of pre and early human populations in Eurasia.

And it's largely unexpected.

They display the large brain capacity, lightly-built cranial vaults and modest bone rides on the brow, similar to early modern humans.

Comment: See Also:

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People 2

Europeans' white skin did not come from Neanderthals and may be relatively recent


Science Vibe
Sat, 17 Feb 2018 12:00 UTC
Modern European’s White Skin Did Not Come From Neanderthals
It has long been of interest to establish where Modern Europeans White Skin came from. But you know when you think about it, there is no way white skin came from Neanderthals. It's really a question of doing the math - but math that is supported by years of research and applying all we know about evolution. New Scientist reports that,"The people who built Stonehenge 5000 years ago were humans occupied Britain and mainland Europe who lost there darker skins of their African ancestors perhaps just 6000 years earlier, long after Neanderthals had died out" which was some 40,000 to 50,000 years ago.

Below is the New Scientist Article written by Karl Gruber. For more science be sure to read the abstract provided below entitled "The Timing of Pigmentation Lightening in Europeans" written by Sandra Beleza António M. Santos Brian McEvoy Isabel Alves Cláudia Martinho Emily Cameron Mark D. Shriver Esteban J. Parra Jorge Rocha.

Comment: See Also:

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Archaeology

100,000 year old skulls may belong to elusive Denisovans

Ann Gibbons
Science Magazine
Thu, 02 Mar 2017 14:00 UTC
skulls human neanderthal denisovians
Since their discovery in 2010, the ex­tinct ice age humans called Deniso­vans have been known only from bits of DNA, taken from a sliver of bone in the Denisova Cave in Siberia, Russia. Now, two partial skulls from eastern China are emerging as prime candidates for showing what these shadowy people may have looked like.

In a paper published this week in Science, a Chinese-U.S. team presents 105,000- to 125,000-year-old fossils they call "archaic Homo." They note that the bones could be a new type of human or an eastern variant of Neandertals. But although the team avoids the word, "everyone else would wonder whether these might be Denisovans," which are close cousins to Neandertals, says paleo­anthropologist Chris Stringer of the Natural History Museum in London.

Comment: See Also:

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Colosseum

Ancient 'Hades' Gate' still emitting poison gas centuries after mysterious deaths


RT
Mon, 19 Feb 2018 14:43 UTC
Archaeological sites at Hierapolis
© Gerig Ullstein / Getty ImagesArchaeological sites at Hierapolis.
Scientists studying an ancient site in Turkey, once thought to be a gate to hell, have found that the deaths recounted at the stone grotto in historical texts were most likely caused by noxious natural gas.

The Ploutonion at Hierapolis, or Hades' Gate - said to contain the deathly breath of the Greek god of the underworld - is located in modern day Denizli, Turkey.

Its existence was confirmed in 2013 by Italian archaeologist Francesco D'Andria. Now researchers have found that the Roman-Greco grotto in the ancient ruins of Hierapolis emits concentrated levels of CO2, perhaps giving a scientific reason for unexplained fatalities at the site.

Published in the journal Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, the study was lead by professor Hardy Pfanz of the University of Duisberg-Essen, Germany.
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