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Mysterious flooding leads to discovery of 5,000-year-old underground city in Turkey's Cappadocia

Cappadocia
© DHA Photo
A underground city partly submerged underwater and estimated to be around 5,000 years old was discovered by municipality crews trying to determine the cause of flooding in several houses in the Avanos district of Turkey's central Nevşehir province, located at the heart of the historic Cappadocia region.

Owners of some 15 houses in the Çalış township of Avanos, which is inhabited by 2,200 people, informed the local municipality that their houses were filling up with water and they could not figure out why or where the water was coming from.

Municipality crews started discharging water from the homes while searching for the cause of the flooding, using heavy duty machines to open the entrances of a tunnel closed for safety decades ago and long forgotten by locals. After making more way into the tunnel, crews and locals found an underground city partially covered in clear water, which had caused the flooding, and saw that the houses were situated right on top of the flooded city's rooms and tunnels.

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Russian Flag

Pristina stand-off: How Moscow blindsided NATO with 'secret Kosovo airport raid' 20 years ago

Pristina airport raid Russian peacekeepers
© Reuters
Russian peacekeepers at Pristina airport on June 12.
NATO's bombings of Serbia in 1999 had one small episode that is remembered with glee by many Russians. In a surprise deployment, Russian troops seized a strategic airport near Pristina right under the nose of the British.

Exactly 20 years ago, Russian troops deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of the UN-mandated peacekeeping Stabilization Force (SFOR) executed a highly secretive operation. Amid a training exercise outside their base, 15 BTR-80 armored personnel carriers, two dozen support vehicles, and 200 paratroopers sneaked out and sped southeast.

Their destination was over 600km away in Kosovo, the breakaway Serbian region that was about to gain independence from Belgrade on the back of NATO's three-month bombing campaign. The Serbs were defeated and agreed to retreat while NATO troops were preparing to move in. The Russians were racing against them and militants of the Kosovo Liberation Army to take control of Slatina Air Base, the only airfield in Kosovo suitable for large military transport planes.

Info

Ancient fingerprints help unravel just who was making pots at Chaco Canyon

The kiva at Chaco Canyon
© PUBLIC DOMAIN
The kiva at Chaco Canyon was the site of political meetings and spiritual gatherings.
The Ancestral Puebloans were a fixture in the Four Corners region of Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico for centuries, from 100 to 1600. In Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico, they built roads, dams, and huge living complexes known as "great houses" that could contain hundreds of rooms. They were also known for their pottery, and it was believed that the task of making it was exclusively the province of women, with techniques and designs passed down from mothers to daughters for centuries. However, new research published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that when demand for pottery got especially high, Ancestral Puebloan men got in on the act as well.

John Kantner of the University of North Florida, lead author of the study, wanted to understand gender roles in the labor force and what they had to do with Ancestral Puebloan social systems. A student of his, David McKinney, who was working at a police station at the time, suggested that fingerprints might be as useful in this work as they are in forensics, so Kantner investigated. On the basis of a 2003 study showing that male fingerprint ridges are, on average, nine percent wider than they are on women, Kantner examined nearly a thousand shards of corrugated pottery from a site in Chaco Canyon. This style of pottery is made by pinching and coiling clay paste-a process that leaves clear fingerprint impressions. The researchers found that about 40 percent of the shards had fingerprints that appeared to come from women or juveniles, and as much as 47 percent seemed to have been made by men.

Comment: See also: Chaco Canyon's ancient civilization continues to puzzle


Wolf

Giant Pleistocene wolf discovered in Yakuti, Russia - still snarling after 40,000 years

siberian wolf fossil permafrost
© Albert Protopopov
The wolf, whose rich mammoth-like fur and impressive fangs are still intact, was fully grown and aged from two to four years old when it died.
Sensational find of head of the beast with its brain intact, preserved since prehistoric times in permafrost.

The severed head of the world's first full-sized Pleistocene wolf was unearthed in the Abyisky district in the north of Yakutia. Local man Pavel Efimov found it in summer 2018 on shore of the Tirekhtyakh River, tributary of Indigirka.

The wolf, whose rich mammoth-like fur and impressive fangs are still intact, was fully grown and aged from two to four years old when it died.

The head was dated older than 40,000 years by Japanese scientists. Scientists at the Swedish Museum of Natural History will examine the Pleistocene predator's DNA.

Dig

3,000 year old city gates of 'Aramaic kingdom' found in Golan Heights

Bethsaida
© Stephen G. Rosenberg
Bethsaida 88 248.
A city gate from the time of King David was discovered after 32 years of excavation in the ancient city of Bethsaida in the Golan Heights' Jordan Park, opening up a world of new possibilities, opinions and theories about the ancient landscape of the Land of Israel.

According to Professor Rami Arav of the University of Nebraska, chief archaeologist overseeing the excavations, told the Jerusalem Post that the gate and further findings found within the ancient city give the notion that it was possible that Solomon and David might not have been the sole kings of the Israelite kingdom at their respective times, but instead chieftains of large tribes of Israelites. Read More Related

The previously uncovered gate found in the area last year was cautiously identified to be a part of the biblical city of Zer, a name used during the First Temple period. However, the newly found gate dates back to the time and rule of King David, which is purportedly from the 11th to 10th centuries BCE.

Comment: Regarding the bible as a historical document, Laura Knight-Jadczyk writes in Judaism and Christianity - Two Thousand Years of Lies - 60 Years of State Terrorism:
Judaism supposedly created Israel, and Judaism also is the parent of Christianity and Islam, so the issue of Judaism and Ancient Israel, from which it supposedly emerged, are not trifling topics. The fact is, as a growing body of scholarship demonstrates, there was no "ancient Israel" as depicted in the Bible. The Hebrew Bible is not, by any stretch of the imagination, a historical document, and trying to understand the history of Palestine by reading the Bible is like trying to understand Medieval history by reading Ivanhoe.
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Horse

Prehistoric stone engraved with horses and geometric motifs found in France

horse prehistoric france
© Denis Gliksman/Inrap
A generated image of the prehistoric sandstone plate and its engraving
A stone believed to be about 12,000 years old and engraved with what appears to be a horse and other animals has been discovered in France.

The prehistoric find by archaeologists excavating a site in the south-western Angoulême district, north of Bordeaux, has been described as "exceptional".

Markings appear on both sides of the sandstone, the National Archaeological Research Institute (Inrap) said.

It was found during work at an "ancient hunting site" near Angoulême station.

The Palaeolithic stone plate, which is said to be about 25cm long, 18cm wide and 3cm thick, "combines geometric and figurative motifs", Inrap said.

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Pumpkin

In ancient China, pet crickets spent the winter in opulent gourds

Gourd
© MINNEAPOLIS INSTITUTE OF ART/PUBLIC DOMAIN
Spherical cricket container, date unknown, artist unknown.
More than functional, these fleshy fruits developed into a striking art form.

THE IMPERIAL CONCUBINES OF CHINA's Tang Dynasty (618-907) had a rather lively autumn tradition. According to ancient texts, as the weather cooled, they collected crickets and slipped them into tiny golden cages. "These... they place near their pillows, and during the night hearken to the voice of the insects," describes the eighth-century book Kaiyuan Tianbao Yi Shi. "This custom was imitated by all people."

That court ladies were cricket-catching influencers might be the stuff of legend, but people did begin domesticating crickets during the Tang to keep their songs close. The insect's trill has long been beloved as an art; some Chinese people still keep crickets to this day. Notably, the practice led to new forms of craft from the Tang onwards: Artisans began designing containers that ensured the good health of their insect residents year-round. Before the introduction of modern materials like plastic, many crickets divided their time between a summer home and a winter home, like affluent retirees. Simple clay jars kept them cool in warmer months, but to beat the bitter cold, they needed a cozier shelter. And that's where the gourds come in.

Gourds, it turns out, make for perfect winter forts if you are a small cricket. A good luck symbol in Chinese culture, a gourd, once emptied of pulp, can be dried and lacquered to form a warm, heat-retaining cocoon. The cricket would rest on a mixture of lime and loam at the shell's base; on especially cold nights, it might receive a cotton pad, according to the late anthropologist Berthold Laufer, who studied these dwellings. To keep them clean, owners would rinse them with hot tea.

Magnify

Three months after D-Day in 1944, French locals and American troops were on the verge of confrontation

americans normandy france d-day
Three months after D-Day, the inhabitants of Normandy could no longer tolerate abuses at the hands of the soldiers who liberated them. Revisiting an unknown episode...
"Scenes of savagery and bestiality desolate our countryside. Between the looting, the raping and the killing, all sense of security has disappeared from ours homes and on our streets. It's a veritable nightmare that sows terror. The exasperation of the population is at its height."
On October 17, 1944, four and a half months after the Normandy landings, La Presse cherbourgeoise, a local newspaper in Cherbourg, published this warning under the headline 'Very Serious Warning'.

In the fall of '44, those who were plundering, raping and murdering were the Americans: the newspaper accused the liberators of behaving like soldiers in a conquered country. How was there such a paradox two months after the end of the fighting in Normandy?

Once liberated, the peninsula of Cotentin and its port became a gigantic logistics base. On the quays, a thousand American officers and sailors, together with the French dockers, ensured the daily landing of 10,000 tons of vehicles, ammunition and food. On September 29, 1944, 1,318 General Motors trucks leaving Cherbourg sent 8,000 tons of equipment to Allied troops on the front line. For several kilometers along the 'Red Ball Highway Express' - the road to the front - were hospitals, depots, airfields, rest camps, repair stations for tanks and trucks.

Donut

Hoard of the rings: Novel type of Bronze Age cereal-based product discovered

cereal loops bronze age
© Heiss et al, 2019
The annular objects from the find assemblage in the debris layer of pit V5400.
Strange ring-shaped objects in a Bronze Age hillfort site represent a unique form of cereal-based product, according to a study published June 5, 2019 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Andreas G. Heiss of the Austrian Archaeological Institute (ÖAW-ÖAI) and colleagues.

Agricultural practices are well known in the archaeological record, but less understood is how food was produced and prepared by ancient cultures. In this study, Heiss and colleagues describe unusual cereal-derived rings from the Late Bronze Age site of Stillfried an der March in Austria. Between 900-1000BCE, this settlement was a center of grain storage, and archaeological materials have been excavated from around 100 pits interpreted as grain storage pits.

This study focuses on the fragmentary charred remains of three ring-shaped objects, each around three centimeters across. Analysis confirms that they are made of dough derived from barley and wheat. The authors were able to determine that the dough was made from fine quality flour and then most likely shaped from wet cereal mixture and dried without baking. This time-consuming preparation process differs from other foods known from the site, leading the authors to suggest that these cereal rings may not have been made for eating.

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Books

Soviets say Allied version of D-Day is a 'distortion' of history


Comment: This article was written on the 40th anniversary of the D-Day landings in Normandy, France. 35 years later, the Russian version of WW2 is still the correct one, while the Western version is being propped up with ever-grander ceremonies...


D-Day landings photo

D-Day, 6 June 1944
Tomorrow, the leaders of many Western nations will gather on the shores of Normandy to observe the 40th anniversary of the Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe.

But the Soviet Union, meanwhile, is engaged in a major effort to belittle the contribution of Western countries during World War II.

The campaign, involving many organs of the government-controlled press here, holds that Western powers delayed the invasion in order to allow the Germans time to inflict more damage on the Soviet Union - and only belatedly mounted the Normandy invasion to grab part of the credit for defeating Hitler.

Comment: And from a 2004 article ('D-Day and the truth about the Second World War'):
In August 1942, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff drew up a document that said:
"In World War II, Russia occupies a dominant position and is the decisive factor looking toward the defeat of the Axis in Europe. While in Sicily the forces of Great Britain and the USA are being opposed by 2 German divisions, the Russian front is receiving the attention of approximately 200 German divisions. Whenever the Allies open a second front on the Continent, it will be decidedly a secondary front to that of Russia; theirs will continue to be the main effort. Without Russia in the war, the Axis cannot be defeated in Europe, and the position of the United Nations becomes precarious." (quoted in V. Sipols, The Road to Great Victory, p. 133.)
These words accurately express the real position that existed at the time of the D-day landings. Yet an entirely different (and false) version of the war is assiduously being cultivated in the media today.

The truth is that the war against Hitler in Europe was fought mainly by the USSR and the Red Army. For most of the war, the British and Americans were mere spectators...
Shades of Syria, where Russian soldiers did the dying in the war against 'ISIS', but the Americans claimed the glory...