The orders aim to freeze new oil and gas leases on public lands and double offshore wind-produced energy by 2030.
They are expected to meet stiff resistance from the energy industry and come as a sea change from Donald Trump, who cut environmental protections.
"Today is climate day at the White House," said Mr Biden on Wednesday.
"We have already waited too long," Mr Biden told reporters at the White House. "And we can't wait any longer."
Mr Biden said the US "must lead" a global response to the climate change crisis.
"Just like we need a unified national response to Covid-19, we desperately need a unified national response to the climate crisis because there is a climate crisis," he said.
Comment: The climate crisis is about as real as the Covid crisis.
He added that neither challenge could be met by the US alone.


















Comment: Enter critical climate justice theory, stage right: For everyone who thought Trump was insane, meet Biden. His administration is off-the-wall bonkers.
Even more EOs: That brings the number so far of executive actions up to 40 - in a week... Trump did 55 in his first full year in office.