Both nations are standing up to immense pressure by an Anglo American empire which has been working desperately since 2007 to build a vast military infrastructure around Russia under the utopian doctrine of "Full Spectrum Dominance" (aka: the belief that a nuclear war can be won with a first strike monopoly). This missile shield began to target China and Russia's South Pacific flank in 2011 when Obama unveiled the military branch of the anti-Chinese "Pivot to Asia" (1).
The S400 Solution to Full Spectrum Dominance
However if nations like India, and Turkey who were meant to be participants of the encirclement of Russia and China were to adopt next generation defensive radar/missile systems like Russia's S400, then the entire formula for unipolar dominance breaks down. Already, China has adopted the S400 as of 2015 which features short to long range supersonic interception of missiles, aircraft and bombs at altitudes of 38 km and at distances of 400 km. Other nations which have expressed interest in the S400 include Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Algeria, Morocco and Vietnam.
The rise of the S400 and the new security architecture which comes with it has come to be known as "Full Spectrum Defense" and is one of the most important transformations of the world order. When considered in tandem with the globally extended Belt and Road Initiative (which is tightly integrated with the Eurasian Economic Union and Shanghai Cooperation Organization), represents the greatest hope for mankind currently available.
Comment: See also: