Science & Technology
"The sun is much weirder than we thought," says John Beacom at Ohio State University in Columbus. He and his colleagues examined data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope taken from 2008 to 2017.
Gamma rays are constantly being produced in the sun as high-energy protons from cosmic rays smash into gas particles in the solar atmosphere. The sun's magnetic field directs the paths of these protons, flinging some of the resulting gamma rays towards Earth where we can detect them.
Overall, Beacom and his colleagues saw gamma rays with energies ranging from about 1 gigaelectronvolt (GeV) to about 200 GeV. But between 32 and 56 GeV, there was an abrupt dip - there were only about half as many gamma rays at those energies than the average over all energies.
"It seems inexplicable, random and strange," says team member Kenny Ng at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. "In terms of energy scale, there is nothing special about 30-50 GeV."
Geoff Bartlett · CBC News
One of the people who oversees an Indigenous hunt of polar bears says the population is doing well, despite heart-wrenching photos online suggesting some bears are starving.
Every year, the Nunatsiavut government awards polar bear licences to Inuit hunters living in the northern Labrador settlement area.
The Inuit set a quota of 12 polar bears this winter. Nunatsiavut wildlife manager Jim Goudie said all 12 were taken within the first seven days of the season.
It's an exotic tick that's never been seen before in the United States. It was first spotted on a sheep in Hunterdon County, and efforts to wipe it out have failed.
New Jersey has always been home to different species of ticks - five to be exact. But a new variety of the bloodsucking bug is now in the mix.
It's the East Asian tick, sometimes called a longhorned or bush tick. Originally found in Asia, thousands of them are now in the Garden State.
Comment: See also:
- Tick bites that trigger severe meat allergy on rise around the world
- Expert warns of new tick-borne disease: Borrelia miyamotoi
- Parasitologists discover new form of tick-borne bacterium that may be transmittable to humans
- Unexplained increase in tick-borne diseases in Florida puzzles experts
Plants need water to photosynthesize glucose, the basic building block from which their more complex molecules are formed. For trees, this means drawing water from the roots to the leaves. This takes place during daylight hours, or so we thought. New studies have shown things are much more complex than that.
So, it makes sense to get as much information about the Red Planet as possible before the first humans land there.
Yet even after sending dozens of spacecraft, astronomers and scientists are still left with many unanswered questions about Mars.
Questions About Mars
Here I have listed 7 of those fascinating questions along with what we know so far. Let's begin:
1. What's Up with The Two Faces of Mars?
Comment: See Also:
- New study: Comets and asteroids strike Mars with organics
- The Earth - Mars Connection
- Mars to get planetary ring when Phobos breaks apart
- Massive subsurface ice sheets offer potential water source for future explorers of Mars
According to John Mattick, the out-going director of the Garvan, who was not involved in the research, "This shows another level of dynamic regulation of the DNA code. It's not just a twisted railway track; it's got signposts and sidings along the way."
Just like the ones and zeroes in computer code, geneticists have thought since 1953 - the year that James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double-helix - that the information in DNA was strictly linear.
But over the past couple of decades, mischievous scientists have succeeded in showing that DNA structures other than the elegant helix appear under the microscope. All in all, there are five besides the "standard" shape, known as B-DNA: A-DNA, Z-DNA, triplex DNA, G quadruplex, and I-motif DNA.

A plume of radioactive fallout (yellow) stretches east across Washington, D.C., a few hours after a nuclear bomb goes off near the White House in this snapshot of an agent-based model. Bar heights show the number of people at a location, while color indicates their health. Red represents sickness or death.
Instantly, most of a city block vanishes in a nuclear fireball two-thirds the size of the one that engulfed Hiroshima, Japan. Powered by 5 kilograms of highly enriched uranium that terrorists had hijacked weeks earlier, the blast smashes buildings for at least a kilometer in every direction and leaves hundreds of thousands of people dead or dying in the ruins. An electromagnetic pulse fries cellphones within 5 kilometers, and the power grid across much of the city goes dark. Winds shear the bomb's mushroom cloud into a plume of radioactive fallout that drifts eastward into the Maryland suburbs. Roads quickly become jammed with people on the move-some trying to flee the area, but many more looking for missing family members or seeking medical help.
It's all make-believe, of course-but with deadly serious purpose. Known as National Planning Scenario 1 (NPS1), that nuclear attack story line originated in the 1950s as a kind of war game, a safe way for national security officials and emergency managers to test their response plans before having to face the real thing.

This 826-vertex graph requires at least five colors to ensure that no two connected vertices are the same shade.
The problem, now known as the Hadwiger-Nelson problem or the problem of finding the chromatic number of the plane, has piqued the interest of many mathematicians, including the famously prolific Paul Erdős. Researchers quickly narrowed the possibilities down, finding that the infinite graph can be colored by no fewer than four and no more than seven colors. Other researchers went on to prove a few partial results in the decades that followed, but no one was able to change these bounds.
Then last week, Aubrey de Grey, a biologist known for his claims that people alive today will live to the age of 1,000, posted a paper to the scientific preprint site arxiv.org with the title "The Chromatic Number of the Plane Is at Least 5." In it, he describes the construction of a unit-distance graph that can't be colored with only four colors. The finding represents the first major advance in solving the problem since shortly after it was introduced. "I got extraordinarily lucky," de Grey said. "It's not every day that somebody comes up with the solution to a 60-year-old problem."
So although part of this article is simply, "Oh my gosh, look at this amazing design," that's not the entire point. To that end, let's take a moment to break this all down a bit so we have an understanding of what exactly is being proposed in relation to warp drive, and why it is met with such skepticism, before we get a bit too carried away...
In 1994, physicist Miguel Alcubierre proposed a new kind of technology that would allow us to travel 10 times faster than the speed of light without actually breaking the speed of light. That seems a little contradictory, doesn't it? After all, we've been told time and again that light is the universal speed limit - nothing in the cosmos can travel faster than it (much less 10 times faster) and herein lies the key to the Alcubierre drive: When you use it, you aren't actually moving through space.
But stories of pilot drunkenness, rants, fights and distraction, however rare, are reminders that pilots are only human. Not every plane can be flown by a disaster-averting pilot, like Southwest Capt. Tammie Jo Shults or Capt. Chesley "Sully" Sullenberger. But software could change that, equipping every plane with an extremely experienced guidance system that is always learning more.
In fact, on many flights, autopilot systems already control the plane for basically all of the flight. And software handles the most harrowing landings - when there is no visibility and the pilot can't see anything to even know where he or she is. But human pilots are still on hand as backups.
A new generation of software pilots, developed for self-flying vehicles, or drones, will soon have logged more flying hours than all humans have - ever. By combining their enormous amounts of flight data and experience, drone-control software applications are poised to quickly become the world's most experienced pilots.














Comment: Not only is the story fake and being used to push an agenda, but considering recent discoveries, it's clear that our knowledge of the natural world is a work in progress; sometimes twisted by bias and other times just because we've yet to make the discovery, see: Super-colony of 1.5 Million Adélie penguins discovered on Danger islands, Antarctica
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