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Tue, 26 Oct 2021
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Giant Undersea Volcano Found Off Iceland

A giant and unusual underwater volcano lies just offshore of Iceland on the Reykjanes Ridge, volcanologists have announced.

The Reykjanes formation is a section of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which bisects the Atlantic Ocean where the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates are pulling apart.

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©Steve Allen/Getty
The active Krafla volcano (above) in northwestern Iceland boasts a lake inside its 6-mile-wide (10-kilometer-wide) caldera.

A newfound underwater volcano off Iceland's coast has a similarly sized caldera - and it's only a matter of time before the submarine mountain erupts, scientists say.

Sherlock

Ancient game boards and compass discovered in southern Iran

Archaeological studies on some engravings on rocks on Khark Island have identified them as a compass and ancient game boards.

The engravings are between 2000 and 3000 years old, archaeologist Reza Moradi Ghiasabadi, who conducted the recently concluded studies, told the Persian service of CHN on Saturday.

The compass has been etched in rectangular form with rounded angles on a flat rock located on the ground beside an ancient route, Moradi Ghiasabadi explained. A curve has been engraved on the upper half and four lines forming a cross stretch to the four sides of the rectangular shape, he noted.

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©Unknown
An ancient game board, Khark Island

Video

San Francisco disaster seen in rare photos

Photographs taken 102 years ago depict scenes from the earthquake and fire that destroyed thousands of buildings and left more than 200,000 people homeless in San Francisco. Confirmed deaths were 460.

The photographs give graphic meaning to the disaster known worldwide, and Darrell Colwell, now living in Yuma, has a collection of San Francisco disaster photos.

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©Unknown
The Temple Emanu-El, a block north of Union Square, was one of many religious structures severely damaged.

Info

Humans May Lose Battle With Bacteria, Medicinal Chemist's Research Shows

It may not be an ideal topic for polite conversation, but human beings are swarming with bacteria: Even the average healthy adult plays host to about 100 trillion microscopic organisms. Infection takes place when the bacteria get out of hand.

micrograph showing Salmonella typhimurium
©National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH
A color-enhanced scanning electron micrograph showing Salmonella typhimurium (red) invading cultured human cells.

Now, a University of Kansas researcher has penned a history of the struggle between man and bacteria - and warns that humankind someday may lose its advantage.

In the March 28 issue of the American Chemical Society's Journal of Natural Products, Lester A. Mitscher, a University Distinguished Professor of Medicinal Chemistry, calls for the development of more potent antibiotics necessary for humanity to manage drug-resistant breeds of microbes

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Harappan sites to be excavated after 50 years

Varanasi (PTI): After a gap of 50 years, a team of archaeologists will be excavating two sites near Noida and Meerut to determine when exactly the "eastern limit" of the Indus Valley civilisation flourished.

Better Earth

Moon's birth changed the length of days on Earth



Earth & Moon
©Unknown

The collision that formed our moon may have defined the length of our planet's day and set the direction in which it spins.

The moon is widely thought to have formed after an object roughly the size of Mars crashed into the Earth 4.5 billion years ago, throwing up a cloud of debris that eventually coalesced into a rocky sphere. Robin Canup of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, wanted to find out if this process was influenced by the spin of the Earth at the time - something previous models of the moon's formation did not take into account.

Key

PRRDB: A comprehensive database of Pattern-Recognition Receptors and their ligands

Recently in a number of studies, it has been demonstrated that the innate immune system doesn't merely acts as the first line of defense but provides critical signals for the development of specific adaptive immune response. Innate immune system employs a set of receptors called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize evolutionarily conserved patterns from pathogens called pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).

Info

Lying? The Face Betrays Deceiver's True Emotions, But In Unexpected Ways

How can we tell who's lying, who's not? New research out of Stephen Porter's Forensic Psychology Lab at Dalhousie University determines the face will betray the deceiver's true emotion, but not in the stereotypical ways we think.

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©Danny Abriel
Graduate student, Leanne ten Brinke presents two faces to the world.

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Nurture Over Nature: Certain Genes Are Turned On Or Off By Geography And Lifestyle, Study Suggests

Score one for the nurture side of the nature vs. nurture debate, as North Carolina State University geneticists have shown that environmental factors such as lifestyle and geography play a large role in whether certain genes are turned on or off.

By studying gene expression of white blood cells in 46 Moroccan Amazighs, or Berbers - including desert nomads, mountain agrarians and coastal urban dwellers - the NC State researchers and collaborators in Morocco and the United States showed that up to one-third of genes are differentially expressed due to where and how the Moroccan Amazighs live.

Moroccan Amazighs
©North Carolina State University
By studying gene expression of white blood cells in 46 Moroccan Amazighs, or Berbers -- including desert nomads, mountain agrarians and coastal urban dwellers -- the researchers showed that up to one-third of genes are differentially expressed due to where and how the Moroccan Amazighs live.

The NC State researchers, Youssef Idaghdour, an NC State graduate student in genetics and a Fulbright scholar, and Dr. Greg Gibson, formerly William Neal Reynolds Professor of Genetics at NC State and currently a faculty member at the University of Queensland in Australia, set out to study the impact of the transition from traditional to urbanized lifestyles on the human immune system.

Magic Wand

Scientist's aim: Alter weather

Roelof Bruintjes dismisses the old saw that everybody talks about the weather but nobody does anything about it.

The Boulder scientist has made it rain in Australia, Turkey, the Middle East, Africa and Wyoming.

Even the Chinese asked Bruintjes - one of the world's leading experts on weather modification - whether he could advise them on how to make it not rain for the Beijing Olympics.

Bruintjes (pronounced broon-chess), who was in China about a month ago, had to tell the Games' organizers there are no guarantees for a dry 100-meter dash.