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Fri, 15 Oct 2021
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Jet1

Russia shows off its Su-30SM fighter jet in breathtaking action

russian fighter jets
© Минобороны России / YouTube
The Russian Defense Ministry has published a video showcasing the capabilities of the Sukhoi Su-30SM, an advanced multipurpose fighter jet. The Sukhoi aircraft are shown in detail performing aerobatics maneuvers and deploying weapons.

The highly-maneuverable generation 4+ warplane is the modern variant of the design equipped with thrust-vectoring engines. It was based on the Su-30MKI, the version made by Russia for the Indian Air Force. The SM version made its maiden flight in 2012.

Info

More than a pipe dream: Musk reveals first photo of LA Hyperloop underground transit system

Musk
© Peter Parks / AFP
Elon Musk has revealed the first photo of the Boring Company's tunnel beneath Los Angeles, as the billionaire industrialist continues his bid to develop a super-fast underground transit system in the city.

The picture shows the prototype tunnel's paneled walls, cables, and what appears to be a track running along the floor. The image also features a large upper conduit that snakes around the bend of a tunnel he believes will one day help alleviate urban traffic congestion.

Writing on Twitter, Musk revealed the tunnel is now around 500ft (150 meters) long and said that he had hopes that it would span the length of the north-south Interstate 405 highway by next year.

Jupiter

Juno mission finds that Jupiter's gravitational field is askew

jupiter cyclones
© NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Betsy Asher Hall/Gervasio Robles
A ring of cyclones swirls around Jupiter's south pole.
Since it established orbit around Jupiter in July of 2016, the Juno mission has been sending back vital information about the gas giant's atmosphere, magnetic field and weather patterns. With every passing orbit - known as perijoves, which take place every 53 days - the probe has revealed more interesting things about Jupiter, which scientists will rely on to learn more about its formation and evolution.

During its latest pass, the probe managed to provide the most detailed look to date of the planet's interior. In so doing, it learned that Jupiter's powerful magnetic field is askew, with different patterns in it's northern and southern hemispheres. These findings were shared on Wednesday. Oct. 18th, at the 48th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society's Division of Planetary Sciencejs in Provo, Utah.

Ever since astronomers began observing Jupiter with powerful telescopes, they have been aware of its swirling, banded appearance. These colorful stripes of orange, brown and white are the result of Jupiter's atmospheric composition, which is largely made up of hydrogen and helium but also contains ammonia crystals and compounds that change color when exposed to sunlight (aka. chromofores).

Cassiopaea

Rare blue auroras seen in the Arctic Circle

blue aurora
© Daniel Drelciuc
Taken by on October 26, 2017, at Tromso, Norway
Around the Arctic Circle, people see green auroras almost every night. It's nothing to write home about. Blue auroras, on the other hand, are very unusual. That's why this photo taken on Oct. 26th by Oliver Wright in Abisko, Sweden, is so remarkable:

"It was totally blue," says Wright, a veteran aurora tour guide who has witnessed hundreds of geomagnetic storms. "I've never seen anything quite like it!" In Tromso, Norway, Daniel Drelciuc saw it, too--"a big blue mass next to the classic green aurora," he says.

In auroras, blue is a sign of nitrogen. Energetic particles striking ionized molecular nitrogen (N2+) at very high altitudes can produce a cold azure glow, most often seen during intense geomagnetic storms. On Oct. 26th, however, geomagnetic activity was not intense.

Maybe these weren't auroras, after all. Another theory is emerging for the blue apparition. On Oct. 26th, the Russian military staged a nuclear battle drill and test-launched a number of ballistic missiles from land, sea and air. At least one of them created a magnificent cloud of blue exhaust. Alexey Yakovlev photographed the display from Strezhevoy, Russia:

Comment: Perhaps the Russians did it, but perhaps we tend to blame the Russians a bit too much. They're not gods y'know!


Comet 2

A comet favorite whips by the Sun this week under scientists watchful eye

comet 96P/Machholz
Fans of the long-running Solar and Heliospheric Observatory have a special treat this week: A long-time cometary favorite of the SOHO spacecraft team will make a grand return to the spacecraft's images as it swings around the sun.

The comet, called 96P/Machholz, will start its fifth run through the spacecraft's field of view since SOHO launched in 1995. Its previous visits were in 1996, 2002, 2007 and 2012. This time around, it should enter the lower-right-hand corner of the imagery on Oct. 25 and then move along the right-hand edge of the field of view through Oct. 30. [Amazing Comet Photos from Earth and Space]

"96P is a fascinating comet," SOHO researchers said in a statement, calling 96P one of the team's favorites. "Amateur astronomer Don Machholz discovered the comet in 1986, and it was soon revealed to be short-period, meaning its orbit around the sun is less than 200 years. Comet 96P completes an orbit every 5.24 years, and has its closest approach to the sun at a rather toasty 0.12 AU (18 million kilometers or 11 million miles) [from the sun]. That's very close for a comet, and that alone makes it interesting."

Magnify

AI method to upscale low-resolution to higher resolution images

AI superresolution bird
© Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems GR
EnhanceNet-PAT is capable of upsampling a low-resolution image (left) to a high definition version (middle). The result is [almost] indistinguishable from the original image (right)
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Tübingen have used artificial intelligence to create a high-definition version of a low resolution image. While not pixel-perfect, the system produces a better result.

Comment: The paper describing the method is accessible here.


Gear

CRISPR gene-editing technology unleashed on RNA as 'safer' method of repair

CRISPR gene-editing
© Molekuul / Spl / Getty
The CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing complex, here shown editing DNA (in blue), has been modified to target RNA.
RNA-based diseases like Fragile X, myotonic dystrophy and ALS could be treated with this technique.

The CRISPR gene editing technique can be used for all sorts of amazing things by targeting your DNA. Scientists are using it in experimental therapies for ALS and Huntington's disease, ways to let those with celiac disease process gluten proteins and possibly assist in more successful birth rates. Now, according to a paper published in Science, researchers have found a way to target and edit RNA, a different genetic molecule that has implications in many degenerative disorders like ALS.

Pumpkin 2

Terrifying mystery creature turns out to be enormous moth normally found in Australia and Asia

Creatonotos gangis moth,

The Creatonotos gangis moth is found in Australia and parts of Asia.


This creature may look like an alien from a sci-fi movie - but, terrifyingly, it's completely real.


A brave eyewitness opted to film a short clip of the animal rather than fleeing for their life.


Bulb

Proteins can be made to conduct electricity like a metal

heavy metal experiment
© Weisi Song, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
When pushing the boundaries of discovery, sometimes even the most experienced of scientists can get a surprise jolt from a completely unpredictable result.

That was the case for ASU Regents' Professor and biophysicist Stuart Lindsay, who has spent his career building new microscopes that have become the eyes of nanotechnology and next-generation, rapid and low-cost DNA and amino acid readers to make precision medicine more of a reality.

In the process, Lindsay's research team has learned a thing or two about how single molecules behave when tethered between a pair of electrodes, which is the foundation for how his DNA readers work.

The technology, called recognition tunneling, threads single molecules down a nanopore like a thread through the eye of a needle.

As they go down the nano-rabbit hole, electrodes measure the electrical properties of these single DNA or amino acid molecules to determine their sequence identity.

Having spent a considerable amount of time building DNA and amino readers, the thought was to give whole proteins a try. "The technological goal here was, can we use our technology to electronically detect whole proteins," said Lindsay.

Galaxy

NASA: Dwarf planet Ceres may have had an ocean

Ceres dwarf planet
The dwarf planet Ceres may have once had a global ocean, according to new studies based on data from NASA's Dawn mission.

The Dawn spacecraft, which has been orbiting the only dwarf planet in the inner reaches of the solar system since March 2015, obtained measurements suggesting the presence of an ancient ocean.

"More and more, we are learning that Ceres is a complex, dynamic world that may have hosted a lot of liquid water in the past, and may still have some underground," said Julie Castillo-Rogez, Dawn's project scientist.

The team found that Ceres' crust is a mixture of ice, salts and hydrated materials that were subjected to past and possibly recent geologic activity. The crust represents most of that ancient ocean according to NASA.

Shape and gravity data measurements from the Dawn mission were used to determine the internal structure and composition of Ceres.