Science & TechnologyS


Question

Update: Boat From 1700s Found At World Trade Centre Site

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© AP Photo/Mark LennihanPlanks stick out of the mud of a 32-foot-long (9.75 meters) 18th century boat at the World Trade Center site, Thursday, July 15, 2010 in New York.
Archaeologists working at the World Trade Centre site in New York have found the remains of a wooden ship apparently buried there more than 200 years ago.

The remains of the 30ft length of a wood-hulled vessel were found when workers excavating the site, where a new World Trade Centre is being built, hit a row of wood timbers, The New York Times reported.

"They were so perfectly contoured that they were clearly part of a ship," said archaeologist A. Michael Pappalardo.

The archaeologists have been working on the site - scene of the 9/11 terror attacks in 2001 - to document historical material uncovered during construction.

Sherlock

18,000 Records Discovered in Chinese Well Reveal Life in Time of First Emperor

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© Nat KrauseA modern day statue of the first emperor - built near the site of the Terracotta Army.
Historians and archaeologists are analyzing a treasure trove of Qin dynasty documents that promise to tell us more about life in the time of the First Emperor of China - Qin Shi Huang.

Qin Shi Huang unified China in 221 BC after conquering the other Chinese states. His reforms were numerous. He forced all of China to use a single currency, brought in a uniform system of rules and started construction of the Great Wall. He is perhaps best known for the Mausoleum he constructed with life-size Terracotta warriors nearby.

He died in 210 BC and in the ensuing chaos a new emperor, Han Gaozu, came to power. He inaugurated the Han Dynasty, a ruling line that would reign over China for 400 years.

The document discovery was made in 2002 in Liye City. It's an ancient settlement located in the area of modern day Xiangxi.

They were discovered when a construction team, working on a middle school, came across a well. When archaeologists ventured in they found a stash of 18,000 documents that were written on slips of bamboo and wooden boards. In addition they also found about 18,000 blank documents - stationary that was not used.

Meteor

The Exoplanet with a Comet-Like Tail

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© NASA/Space Telescope Science InstituteArtist’s rendition of Jupiter-like world orbiting so close to its parent star that its atmosphere is baking out, forming a comet-like tail.
An extrasolar planet nearly as big as Jupiter is circling so close to its parent star -- a year passes in just 3.5 days -- that its atmosphere is being baked off into space, creating a comet-like tail.

The planet, known as HD 209458b, is located about 153 light-years away.

Scientists had suspected since 2003 that stellar winds would be strong enough to sweep the planet's atmosphere into space and had even modeled what it would look like, says Jeffrey Linsky, with the University of Colorado in Boulder, who led a team that used Hubble Space Telescope's Cosmic Origins Spectrograph to make observations.

"We have measured gas coming off the planet at specific speeds, some coming toward Earth. The most likely interpretation is that we have measured the velocity of material in a tail," Linsky said in a press statement.

Satellite

Final Mercury Flyby Reveals Huge Magnetic "Power Surges"

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© NASAAn artist's impression of the MESSENGER spacecraft in orbit around Mercury.
Things happeneing on Mercury that "we clearly do not understand," expert says.

The space weather report for Mercury: stormy, with a chance of power surges.

New data from the third and final flyby of the MESSENGER (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging) spacecraft have revealed surprisingly intense electromagnetic storms in Mercury's magnetic "tail," part of the planet's magnetic field.

Such tails form when the solar wind - charged particles streaming from the sun - pushes on a planet's magnetic field. The deformed field flows around the planet in a windsock shape, like river water flowing around a rock.

All eight planets in the solar system except Mars and Venus have magnetic fields and tails, although Mercury's field is the smallest and weakest.

Info

Kiwi Company Unveils Life-Changing Technology

Hi-Tech Wheel Chair
© Rex BionicsThe Rex exoskeleton, seen in this YouTube screengrab, was developed in secret over a number of years.
A New Zealand-based technology company has today unveiled a robotic exoskeleton which could change the lives of disabled people.

Rex, short for Robotic Exoskeleton, was developed over four years and had its first public demonstration in Auckland today.

The company behind the technology, Rex Bionics, is understood to have kept the project under wraps since 2006.

Its official website said only that it had designed a disability aid using "the latest robotic techniques" but offered little other information.

Chalkboard

Miracle-tech that could fix almost everything: Major advance

Boffinry excitement in superconducting circles

Topflight boffins believe they may be on the track of the fabled room-temperature superconductor, a technology which - if achieved - promises to revolutionize various fields including hover trains, electric power, mighty dimension-portal atom smashers and even supercomputing.

The new science relates to the study of copper-oxide superconductors. A superconductor is a material which carries an electric current without any resistance: naturally, as a result, it is excellent for generating tremendously powerful magnetic fields. These are useful for such purposes as building MRI scanners, mag-lev hover trains and colossal very-fabric-of-spacetime-rending particle punchers such as the famous Large Hadron Collider.

Telescope

Record-breaking gamma ray blast briefly blinds space observatory

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© NASA/Swift/Stefan ImmlerThe brightest gamma-ray burst ever seen in X-rays temporarily blinded Swift's X-ray Telescope on 21 June 2010. This image merges the X-rays (red to yellow) with the same view from Swift's Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope, which showed nothing extraordinary. (The image is 5 arcminutes across.)
A blast of the brightest X-rays ever detected from beyond our Milky Way galaxy's neighborhood temporarily blinded the X-ray eye on NASA's Swift space observatory earlier this summer, astronomers now report. The X-rays traveled through space for 5-billion years before slamming into and overwhelming Swift's X-ray Telescope on 21 June.

The blindingly bright blast came from a gamma-ray burst, a violent eruption of energy from the explosion of a massive star morphing into a new black hole.

"This gamma-ray burst is by far the brightest light source ever seen in X-ray wavelengths at cosmological distances," said David Burrows, senior scientist and professor of astronomy and astrophysics at Penn State University and the lead scientist for Swift's X-ray Telescope (XRT).

Although the Swift satellite was designed specifically to study gamma-ray bursts, the instrument was not designed to handle an X-ray blast this bright.

"The intensity of these X-rays was unexpected and unprecedented" said Neil Gehrels, Swift's principal investigator at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. He said the burst, named GRB 100621A, is the brightest X-ray source that Swift has detected since the observatory began X-ray observation in early 2005.

Telescope

Hubble Snaps Sharp Image of Cosmic Concoction

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© NASA, ESA and Orsola De Marco (Macquarie University)A colorful star-forming region is featured in this stunning new NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image of NGC 2467. Looking like a roiling cauldron of some exotic cosmic brew, huge clouds of gas and dust are sprinkled with bright blue, hot young stars. Strangely shaped dust clouds, resembling spilled liquids, are silhouetted against a colourful background of glowing. Like the familiar Orion Nebula, NGC 2467 is a huge cloud of gas - mostly hydrogen - that serves as an incubator for new stars. This picture was created from images taken with the Wide Field Channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys through three different filters (F550M, F660N and F658N, shown in blue, green and red). These filters were selected to let through different colours of red and yellow light arising from different elements in the gas. The total aggregate exposure time was about 2000 seconds and the field of view is about 3.5 arcminutes across. These data were taken in 2004.
Strangely shaped dust clouds, resembling spilled liquids, are silhouetted against a colourful background of glowing gas in this newly released Hubble image. The star-forming region NGC 2467 is a vast cloud of gas - mostly hydrogen - that serves as an incubator for new stars.

Some of these youthful stars have emerged from the dense clouds where they were born and now shine brightly, hot and blue in this picture, but many others remain hidden.

The full beauty of this object and hints of the astrophysical processes at work within it are revealed in this super-sharp image from Hubble. Hot young stars that recently formed from the cloud are emitting fierce ultraviolet radiation that is causing the whole scene to glow while also sculpting the environment and gradually eroding the gas clouds.

Studies have shown that most of the radiation comes from the single hot and brilliant massive star just above the centre of the image. Its fierce radiation has cleared the surrounding region and some of the next generation of stars are forming in the denser regions around the edge.

One of the most familiar star-forming regions is the Orion Nebula, which can be seen with the naked eye. NGC 2467 is a similar but more distant example.

Such stellar nurseries can be seen out to considerable distances in the Universe, and their study is important in determining the distance and chemical composition of other galaxies. Some galaxies contain huge star-forming regions, which may contain tens of thousands of stars. Another dramatic example is the 30 Doradus region in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

Sherlock

New York: Ground Zero Excavators Find 18th Century Ship's Hull

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© AP PhotoAn explosion rips through the South Tower of the World Trade Towers after the hijacked United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into it
Workers excavating at the World Trade Center site have unearthed the 32ft long hull of a ship that is believed to have been buried in the 18th century.

The vessel probably was used along with other debris to fill in land to extend lower Manhattan into the Hudson River, archeologists said.

Molly McDonald and A. Michael Pappalardo, archeologists, were at the site of the 9/11 terror attacks when workers uncovered the artifacts.

"We noticed curved timbers that a backhoe brought up," Ms McDonald said. "We quickly found the rib of a vessel and continued to clear it away and expose the hull over the last two days."

The two archeologists work for AKRF, a firm hired to document artifacts discovered at the site. They called the find significant but said more study was needed to determine the age of the ship.

Sherlock

Egypt: Double Tomb Hints at Vast Burial Ground

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© Getty Images/Khaled DesoukiEgypt's antiquities chief Zahi Hawass walks by one of two painted tombs recently discovered intact below ground that date from the age of pyramids.
Egyptian archaeologists on Thursday unveiled a newly unearthed double tomb with vivid wall paintings in the ancient necropolis of Saqqara near Cairo, saying it could be the start for uncovering a vast cemetery in the area.

The tomb includes two false doors with colorful paintings depicting the two people buried there, a father and a son who served as heads of the royal scribes, said Abdel-Hakim Karar, a top archaeologist at Saqqara.

"The colors of the false door are fresh as if it was painted yesterday," Karar told reporters.

Humidity had destroyed the sarcophagus of the father, Shendwas, while the tomb of the son, Khonsu, was robbed in antiquity, he said.