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Cloud Grey

Nasa satellite photo reveals the criss-cross wake patterns that ships leave clouds

Shivali Best
The Mirror
Wed, 24 Jan 2018 15:42 UTC
stmophere ship tracks nasa
© NASA/Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response
The stunning image reveals the impact that ships passing through the Atlantic Ocean have on the clouds above
A stunning image captured by a Nasa satellite reveals the impact that ships passing through the Atlantic Ocean have on the clouds above.

The image shows a patchwork of bright, criss-crossing cloud trails off the coast of Portugal and Spain, known as ship tracks.

Ship tracks form when water vapour condenses around tiny particles of pollution that ships emit as exhausts. These incredible clouds typically form in areas where low-lying stratus and cumulus clouds are present.
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Moon

First time in 150 years: RT's guide to the 'super blue blood moon' event


RT
Sat, 27 Jan 2018 12:37 UTC
Blood moon
© Andrea De Silva / Reuters
Stargazers in North America will get their reward for labouring through the January blues with a lunar event 150 years in the making at the end of this month.

A rare confluence of a blue moon, a supermoon, a blood moon and a total lunar eclipse will be visible in the sky over parts of the US and Canada on January 31 - the first time a 'super blue blood moon' has happened since March 31, 1866.

What is a 'super blue blood moon' anyway?

Supermoons, which occur when the moon is full at the same time it is at its closest approach to the Earth, appear 14 percent bigger and 30 percent brighter than normal full moons. The forthcoming supermoon is the last in a trilogy that began on December 3 with the second visible on New Year's Day. The third is now due to arrive at the end of the month. However, because it is the second full moon in the same month, the phenomenon is also a "blue moon."
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HAL9000

Google Home identifies Buddha, Muhammad, but not Jesus or God


RT
Fri, 26 Jan 2018 09:59 UTC
Google Home
© Reuters/Beck Diefenbach
Google Home
Internet users are posting videos that show Google products refusing to answer questions about Christian figures, when the same products have no problem answering similar question about other religions and deities.

In a Facebook live video uploaded Wednesday, television producer and author David Sams asked his Google Home personal assistant a simple question: "Who is Jesus?"

"Sorry, I don't know how to help with that yet," the smart audio assistant replied.


Sams then asked the same question about God, and received a similar answer.

"Sorry, I can't help with that yet," Google Home answered.
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Rose

Not socially constructed: Wild chimp 'girls' play with 'dolls' too

Brian Handwerk
National Geographic News
Wed, 22 Dec 2010 11:44 UTC
Nature and nurture may both influence gender-based toy choices.
young chimpanzee
© Michael Poliza, National Geographic/Getty Images
A young chimp in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania (file picture).
It's almost Christmas, and, as the song goes, Barney and Ben hope for Hopalong boots and a pistol that shoots, while Janice and Jen would like dolls that will talk and go for a walk.

Now new research suggests that such gender-driven desires are also seen in young female chimpanzees in the wild - a behavior that possibly evolved to make the animals better mothers, experts say.

Young females of the Kanyawara chimpanzee community in Kibale National Park, Uganda, use sticks as rudimentary dolls and care for them like the group's mother chimps tend to their real offspring. The behavior, which was very rarely observed in males, has been witnessed more than a hundred times over 14 years of study.

"The stick serves no immediate function, they just carry it - sometimes for a few minutes, other times for hours," study leader Richard Wrangham, a biological anthropologist at Harvard University, said via email.

Comment: Today's post modernists want you to believe gender is a social construct and claim biology has nothing to do with it. Yet the facts remain the same, there are 2 sexes and hardwired differences inherent in them. As these examples show, they can't simply be explained away as something created only by society and culture. See also: Rooted in our biology: Revealing insights on behavioral sex differences from our primate cousins

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Music

Music really is a universal language

Justin Joffe
Outer Places
Thu, 25 Jan 2018 17:05 UTC
Close encounters of the third kind
© YouTube
It turns out that your high school band teacher, in all his wide-eyed, bleeding heart optimism, was right-music really is the universal language, and science has just proved it.

In the "Form and Function in Song" study published today in Current Biology, researchers show that vocal songs that manage to trigger emotional reactions like soothing a crying child or expressing love to a partner all sound similar to each other, despite coming from different parts of the world. Because of this, people in over 60 countries arrived at similar feelings about those types of songs based only of 14-second audio clips. This confirms the existence of universal links between form and function in music.

"Why do songs that share social functions have convergent forms?" asks the study. "If dance songs are shaped by adaptations for signaling coalition quality, their contextual and musical features should amplify that signal. The feature ratings in [our second experiment] support this idea: dance songs tend to have more singers, more instruments, more complex melodies, and more complex rhythms than other forms of music."

"If lullabies are shaped by adaptations for signaling parental attention to infants, their acoustic features should amplify that signal. The feature ratings in [our second experiment] also support this idea: lullabies tend to be rhythmically and melodically simpler, slower, sung by one female person, and with low arousal relative to other forms of music."
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Target

'Conductive concrete' found to shield electronics from EMP attack

Gillian Klucas
Phys.org
Mon, 14 Nov 2016 00:00 UTC
Concrete shields
© ABC Group LLC/Craig Chandler, University Communications, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln
University of Nebraska engineers Christopher Tuan (left) and Lim Nguyen are standing beside a test structure at Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute in Omaha. • ABC Group built and tested prototype structure in Lakeland, Florida.
An attack via a burst of electromagnetic energy could cripple vital electronic systems, threatening national security and critical infrastructure, such as power grids and data centers.

Nebraska engineers Christopher Tuan and Lim Nguyen have developed a cost-effective concrete that shields against intense pulses of electromagnetic energy, or EMP. Electronics inside structures built or coated with their shielding concrete are protected from EMP.

The technology is ready for commercialization, and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln has signed an agreement to license this shielding technology to American Business Continuity Group LLC, a developer of disaster-resistant structures.

Electromagnetic energy is everywhere. It travels in waves and spans a wide spectrum, from sunlight, radio waves and microwaves to X-rays and gamma rays. But a burst of electromagnetic waves caused by a high-altitude nuclear explosion or an EMP device could induce electric current and voltage surges that cause widespread electronic failures.
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Telescope

Scientists viewing neutron star collision don't understand why X-ray glow keeps getting brighter

Emily Conover
Science News
Wed, 24 Jan 2018 18:14 UTC
neutron star collision
© CI LAB/NASA’S GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
More than 100 days after two neutron stars slammed together, merging into one, new telescope images have revealed that the collision's lingering X-ray light show has gotten brighter. And scientists don't fully understand why.

NASA's orbiting X-ray telescope, Chandra, previously picked up the X-rays 15 days after gravitational waves from the cataclysm reached Earth on August 17, 2017 (SN: 11/11/17, p. 6). The merged remnant then spent several months too close to the sun for its X-rays to be seen.

When the remnant reemerged from the sun's veil on December 4, it was about four times brighter than when it was last spotted, Daryl Haggard of McGill University in Montreal and her colleagues report January 18 in Astrophysical Journal Letters.

The glow may be tapering off. The XMM-Newton space telescope found on December 29 that the X-ray signal may be starting to weaken, according to a paper published January 18 at arXiv.org.

"The plot is about to thicken," says Haggard. Chandra has collected new data to look for a drop in brightness.

Scientists are debating how to explain the enduring X-rays. Neutron star collisions are expected to emit bright jets of material, creating X-rays that fade quickly. The long-lasting X-rays might be explained by a "cocoon" of debris (SN Online: 12/20/17), among other possibilities.
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Bizarro Earth

New California geological data shows earthquake fault runs below Beverly Hill's famous shopping district

Rong-Gong Lin II and Raoul Rañoa
Los Angeles Times
Thu, 25 Jan 2018 17:47 UTC
beverly hills rodeo drive earthquake fault
© Christopher Reynolds
The Santa Monica fault zone, capable of producing a magnitude 7 earthquake, cuts through the heart of the Westside, straddling or paralleling Santa Monica Boulevard through Century City and Westwood before veering due west.
New data from state geologists show that an earthquake fault runs below Rodeo Drive and Beverly Hills' shopping district, heightening the known seismic risk in an area famous for Cartier, Gucci, Prada and other luxury brands.

The California Geological Survey's final map has the Santa Monica fault zone cutting through the so-called Golden Triangle, running between Santa Monica and Wilshire boulevards.
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Light Saber

Sci-Fi graphics get real: New laser system renders full-color 3-D images in thin air

Maria Temming
Science News
Wed, 24 Jan 2018 19:30 UTC
Unlike 3-D images of old, these high-res pictures are visible from almost any direction
3-D laser images, star wars holograms
© D.E. Smalley et al/Nature 2018
A new laser system renders 3-D images in thin air, and could pave the way for futuristic displays akin to the iconic Princess Leia scene in Star Wars. Here, the system displays a researcher imitating the scene.
The 3-D displays seen in such sci-fi movies as Star Wars may not be so far, far away.

A new laser system renders full-color 3-D images in thin air, researchers report in the Jan. 25 Nature. This technology could someday make futuristic, free-floating visuals for everything from air traffic control to surgical planning.

With this new technology, "you really can, in principle, achieve what everyone hopes to achieve, which is the image of Princess Leia in that scene in Star Wars," says Curtis Broadbent, a physicist at the University of Rochester in New York who was not involved in the work.


Comment: See also: Better than Star Wars: Chemists invent technology for making animated 3-D table-top objects by structuring light

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Brain

Human brains attained round shape over 200,000 years or more

Bruce Bower
ScienceNews
Wed, 24 Jan 2018 14:33 UTC
digital brain reconstruction Homo Sapiens
© S. Neubauer, Philipp Gunz, MPI EVA Leipzig (CC-BY-SA 4.0)
ROUNDING OFF Digital brain reconstructions compare a possible Homo sapiens from around 315,000 years ago (left) with a present-day human (right). Human brains didn’t attain the especially rounded shape observed today until sometime between 100,000 and 35,000 years ago, scientists say.


But scientists are still debating what caused changes in noggin form

Big brains outpaced well-rounded brains in human evolution.

Around the time of the origins of our species 300,000 years ago, the brains of Homo sapiens had about the same relatively large size as they do today, new research suggests. But rounder noggins rising well above the forehead - considered a hallmark of human anatomy - didn't appear until between about 100,000 and 35,000 years ago, say physical anthropologist Simon Neubauer and his colleagues.

Using CT scans of ancient and modern human skulls, the researchers created digital brain reconstructions, based on the shape of the inner surface of each skull's braincase. Human brains gradually evolved from a relatively flatter and elongated shape - more like that of Neandertals' - to a globe shape thanks to a series of genetic tweaks to brain development early in life, the researchers propose January 24 in Science Advances.

A gradual transition to round brains may have stimulated considerable neural reorganization by around 50,000 years ago. That cognitive reworking could have enabled a blossoming of artwork and other forms of symbolic behavior among Stone Age humans, the team suspects. Other researchers have argued, however, that abstract and symbolic thinking flourished even before H. sapiens emerged (SN: 12/27/14, p. 6).
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