- Signs of the Times for Thu, 07 Sep 2006 -



Sections on today's Signs Page:



Signs Editorials


Editorial: Bush's 'Strategy for Winning the War on Terror': An Analysis

Joe Quinn
Signs of the Times
07/09/2006

A few days ago, President Bush discussed the Global War On Terror at the Military Officers Association of America. In his speech, which was as littered with nonsense and hyperbole, one paragraph stood out as an example of how large the big lie has become and the recklessness with which the American president spreads it. Bush stated:

"Last October, Iran's President declared in a speech that some people ask -- in his words -- "whether a world without the United States and Zionism can be achieved… I say that this… goal is achievable." Less than three months ago, Iran's President declared to America and other Western powers: "open your eyes and see the fate of pharaoh… if you do not abandon the path of falsehood… your doomed destiny will be annihilation." Less than two months ago, he warned: "The anger of Muslims may reach an explosion point soon. If such a day comes… [America and the West] should know that the waves of the blast will not remain within the boundaries of our region." He also delivered this message to the American people: "If you would like to have good relations with the Iranian nation in the future… bow down before the greatness of the Iranian nation and surrender. If you don't accept [to do this], the Iranian nation will… force you to surrender and bow down."

The strange thing is that the only references for the above quotes come from the web site of the White House itself, with no verifiable references supplied for corroboration. During his speech, Bush made reference to a National Security Council document posted on the White House website entitled: "Strategy for Winning the War on Terror Long-term approach: Advancing effective democracy". The document constitutes an outlining of the current state of the "war on terror" and what the American government is doing to fight it. In the interest of sanity, I took the time to answer the points and allegations in each paragraph of the document with the result that, once again, simple logic forces me to conclude that the entire "war on terror" is nothing but one massive farce of global proprotions. The National Security Council document text is in italics with my comments in blue:

The long-term solution for winning the War on Terror is the advancement of freedom and human dignity through effective democracy. Elections are the most visible sign of a free society and can play a critical role in advancing effective democracy.

Immediate hypocrisy from the White House. It is beyond dispute that a majority of Americans did not vote for Bush in the 2000 election and that he was appointed to the Presidency by a few Judges. There is also much evidence to suggest that his 2004 "win" was based on vote fraud.

Today the UK Observer reports:

The myth of fair elections in America

Everyone remembers the debacle in Florida, 2000. The recounts, the law suits and the eventual deciding of a presidential election - not by the voters - but by the Supreme Court. The memory still causes a collective shudder to America's body politic.

Which makes the fact that America's system of voting is now even more suspect, more complicated, and more open to abuse than ever before so utterly shocking. Across the country a bewildering series of scandals or dubious practises are proliferating beyond control. The prospect of a 'second Florida' is now more likely not less. There are many - and not all of them are conspiracy theorists - who believed it may have happened in Ohio in 2004.

This week the venerable New York Times was the latest of many organisations and institutions to declare that America's democratic system is simply starting to fail. Not in terms of its democratic ideals, or some takeover by a Neocon cabal, but by a simple collapse in its ability to count everyone's votes accurately and fairly. [...]

The National Security Council Document continues:

But elections alone are not enough. Effective democracies honor and uphold basic human rights, including freedom of religion, conscience, speech, assembly, association, and press.

Guantanamo Bay, caged-in "protest zones", a mainstream press that is clearly beholden to the government.

They are responsive to their citizens, submitting to the will of the people. Effective democracies exercise effective sovereignty and maintain order within their own borders, address causes of conflict peacefully

"Address causes of conflict peacefully"?! Clearly this does not apply to the US government and its military.

protect independent and impartial systems of justice, punish crime, embrace the rule of law, and resist corruption. Effective democracies also limit the reach of government, protecting the institutions of civil society.

Right-wing cronies appointed to the Supreme Court by Bush; Bush passing laws to ensure he is never brought to trial; Cheney and Rumsfeld garnering massive government contracts for their friends in big business. Need I say more?

In effective democracies, freedom is indivisible. They are the long-term antidote to the ideology of terrorism today. This is the battle of ideas.

By their own actions then, the US government embraces the ideology of terrorism today as they themselves define it.

To wage the battle of ideas effectively, we must recognize what does and does not give rise to terrorism:

Terrorism is not the inevitable by-product of poverty. Many of the September 11 hijackers were from middle-class backgrounds, and many terrorist leaders, like bin Laden, are from privileged upbringings.

Indeed. Many of the September 11th hijackers area also still alive. And it is a matter of public record that Bin Laden was at one time a CIA asset.

Terrorism is not simply a result of hostility to U.S. policy in Iraq. The United States was attacked on September 11 and many years earlier, well before we toppled the Saddam Hussein regime. Moreover, countries that did not participate in Coalition efforts in Iraq have not been spared from terror attacks.

Indeed. Many armed groups have existed over the course of the last 100 years, and those that claimed America as their enemy did so because of the many transgressions of successive US governments against the populations of countries all over the world. From the installation of Pinochet in Chile to the assisting of the Tamil Tigers in Indonesia, US governments have made enemies and provoked (and often manipulated) grass roots organisations all over the world. Iraq is but the latest in a long list of brutal US government actions in the name of "freedom".

Terrorism is not simply a result of Israeli-Palestinian issues. Al-Qaida plotting for the September 11 attacks began in the 1990s, during an active period in the peace process.

Israel was created in 1948 by way of massacre and expropriation of Palestinian land with the direct help of the then US government. Most Middle Eastern resistance groups are indeed a direct result of the clear injustice of the creation of the state of Israel and the ongoing American support of that corrupt little statelet.

Terrorism is not simply a response to our efforts to prevent terror attacks. The al-Qaida network targeted the United States long before the United States targeted al-Qaida. Indeed, the terrorists are emboldened more by perceptions of weakness than by demonstrations of resolve. Terrorists lure recruits by telling them that we are decadent, easily intimidated, and will retreat if attacked.

Arab or Islamic "terrorism" in terms of "al-Qaeda" is to a large extent manufactured by agents of the US British and Israeli governments. In any case, as noted, there is more than enough justified resentment in the Arab world to American, British and Israeli imperialist designs on their land dating back to the beginning of the 20th century.

The terrorism we confront today springs from:

Political alienation. Transnational terrorists are recruited from populations with no voice in their own government and see no legitimate way to promote change in their own country. Without a stake in the existing order, they are vulnerable to manipulation by those who advocate a perverse political vision based on violence and destruction.

Real modern day "terrorism" (justified resistance to oppression), specifically that arising in the Middle East, has been all but neutralized by the American and Israeli government's stranglehold on the region and their tactic of managing any genuine resistance to their oppression by staged terror attacks i.e. attacks on civilian populations carried out by agents of the American, British and Israeli governments themselves.

Grievances that can be blamed on others. The failures the terrorists feel and see are blamed both on others and on perceived injustices from the recent or sometimes distant past. The terrorists’ rhetoric keeps wounds associated with this past fresh and raw, a potent motivation for revenge and terror.

There is nothing "perceived" about the injustices meted out by the American and Israeli government in the Middle East and around the world. Palestinians are still confined to their "ghettos", their land confiscated and their lives in daily peril. The most recent wounds of the Palestinian and Lebanese people are still very much raw and very real.

Subcultures of conspiracy and misinformation. Terrorists recruit more effectively from populations whose information about the world is contaminated by falsehoods and corrupted by conspiracy theories. The distortions keep alive grievances and filter out facts that would challenge popular prejudices and self-serving propaganda.

"Terrorists" (justified resistance fighters) have no need of "conspiracy theories". The entire Arab population of the Middle East have ample evidence of American and Israeli designs on their land and resources in the form of American-made bombs dropping on their homes and heads. This is clear evidence of conspiracy that these people have lived with for at least the last 60 years.

We should note also that the above claim, according to the Bush government, that conspiracy theories are one of the sources of "terrorism" is more than likely a direct reference to US-based 9/11 researchers and other exposers of government conspiracy. In essence, the US government has effectively defined the at least 30% of the American population who believe that the Bush government knew in advance about the 9/11 attacks, terrorists.

An ideology that justifies murder. Terrorism ultimately depends upon the appeal of an ideology that excuses or even glorifies the deliberate killing of innocents. Islam has been twisted and made to serve an evil end, as in other times and places other religions have been similarly abused.

Not in other times and places, in America, today, Christianity is being used by the White House to justify the murder of 250,000 Iraqi civilians. We need only remember that Bush claimed that "god told me to invade Iraq". Similarly, the teaching of the very earthly Zionist religious texts the Talmud and Torah have been used for decades to sanction the murder of innocent Palestinian and other Arab peoples of the Middle East by successive Israeli governments. Real "terrorism" (properly described as 'justified resistance to oppression') has no history of targetting innocent civilians but rather the Western governments that have always been the source of oppression and injustice around the world.

Defeating terrorism in the long run requires that each of these factors be addressed. Effective democracy provides a counter to each, diminishing the underlying conditions terrorists seek to exploit.

In place of alienation, democracy offers an ownership stake in society, a chance to shape one’s own future.

Not in America, where poverty has never been so widespread and the alienation of minorities appears to be an official government policy.

In place of festering grievances, democracy offers the rule of law, the peaceful resolution of disputes, and the habits of advancing interests through compromise.

Not in America, a country with the highest number of incarcerated citizens per capita in the world

In place of a culture of conspiracy and misinformation, democracy offers freedom of speech, independent media, and the marketplace of ideas, which can expose and discredit falsehoods, prejudices, and dishonest propaganda.

Not in America, where the mainstream media simply parrots government propaganda and millions of Americans have been effectively brainwashed into supporting illegal wars and simply ignoring evidence that their government is lying to them.

In place of an ideology that justifies murder, democracy offers a respect for human dignity that abhors the deliberate targeting of innocent civilians.

The history of America over the past 100 years is the history of repeated violations of the sovereignty of other nations together with the terrorising of their populations in order to "secure American interests". America stands for the denigration of human dignity, both in the US and around the world.

Democracy is the antithesis of terrorist tyranny, which is why the terrorists denounce it and are willing to kill the innocent to stop it.

We need only look to current American actions in Iraq. 10 permanent US military bases around the country, a 100 acre US embassy in the middle of Baghdad. An Iraqi government that can do nothing without agreement from the White House. American democracy is tyranny and terrorism, yet the White House, as the psychopathic mind so often does, projects its actions on to others.

Democracy is based on empowerment, while the terrorists’ ideology is based on enslavement. Democracies expand the freedom of their citizens, while the terrorists seek to impose a single set of narrow beliefs. Democracy sees individuals as equal in worth and dignity, having an inherent potential to create, govern themselves, and exercise basic freedoms of speech and conscience. The terrorists see individuals as objects to be exploited, and then to be ruled and oppressed.

Again, we find the truth at 180 degrees from the assertions of the White House. The truth is that American Democracy is based on enslavement. American Democracy seeks to impose a single set of narrow beliefs. American Democracy sees individuals as objects to be exploited, and then to be ruled and oppressed.

Democracies are not immune to terrorism. In some democracies, some ethnic or religious groups are unable or unwilling to grasp the benefits of freedom otherwise available in the society. Such groups can evidence the same alienation and despair that the transnational terrorists exploit in undemocratic states. This accounts for the emergence in democratic societies of homegrown terrorists – even among second- and third-generation citizens. Even in these cases, the long-term solution remains deepening the reach of democracy so that all citizens enjoy its benefits. We will continue to guard against the emergence of homegrown terrorists within our own Homeland as well.

Notice the inherent racism in the comment that: "In some democracies, some ethnic or religious groups are unable or unwilling to grasp the benefits of freedom". This is an attitude that goes to the heart of the US government's idea of "democracy". Talk of alienation as a source of "terrorism" is hubris and an invention of the US government. Genuine resistance groups form for one reason and one reason only - to resist oppression. The fact that the raison d'etre of the US and Israeli governments is to infiltrated, manipulate and oppress the populations of other countries to safeguard its interests, which gives rise to resistance groups, requires that the US and Israeli governments label such groups "terrorists".

Consider the following news article from Sept 6th 2006:

Government Terror Alerts Aid Terrorist Goals, Study Finds

SF Chronicle
07/09/2006

Intense media scrutiny and politicians' rhetoric heighten sense of fear, researchers say.

With the fifth anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks fast approaching, President Bush took to the podium Tuesday to speak to Americans about his administration's global war on terror.

Three things can be expected from Bush's speech, according to a new study by three Columbia University researchers: The media will repeat the president's remarks. Public fear of terrorism will increase. And the president's poll numbers will rise.

Those have been the effects of presidential pronouncements on terrorism since the Sept. 11 attacks, according to political scientists Brigitte Nacos, Yaeli Bloch-Elkon and Robert Shapiro, in a report prepared for this month's annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.

"These are interesting findings, and confirm what many of us had suspected," said Mark Juergensmeyer, director of Global and International Studies at UC Santa Barbara, who reviewed the research at the request of The Chronicle.

"This public panic benefits the terrorists whose work is made easier by an overactive government response that magnifies their efforts. In an odd way this puts the government and the terrorists in league with one another," he said. "The main loser, alas, is the terrified public."

The National Security Council continues:

The strategy to counter the lies behind the terrorists’ ideology and deny them future recruits must empower the very people the terrorists most want to exploit: the faithful followers of Islam. We will continue to support political reforms that empower peaceful Muslims to practice and interpret their faith. We will work to undermine the ideological underpinnings of violent Islamic extremism and gain the support of non-violent Muslims around the world. The most vital work will be done within the Islamic world itself, and Jordan, Morocco, and Indonesia, among others, have begun to make important strides in this effort. Responsible Islamic leaders need to denounce an ideology that distorts and exploits Islam to justify the murder of innocent people and defiles a proud religion.

Islam has been co-opted by the American and Israeli governments and turned into a religion of terrorists. The US government has wasted no opportunity to talk up the "threat from Islamic terrorism" and then connected Islamic terrorism to ordinary Muslims by murdering 250,000 innocent Iraqi civilians. Note the 2006 terror alerts in the UK and many previous such alerts in the US which have created a climate of fear and racism and ultimately hate towards Muslims in those countries. Note the continuing demonisation of Palestinians, Lebanese, Syrians and Iranians as "terrorists" by the US and Israeli governments. The US, Israeli and British governments have waged a conscious and determined policy to no only create "Islamic terrorism" but to associate that concept with the 1 billion people of Muslim faith who whom we share this world. Once ordinary people like you and I, now "terrorists" slated for summary execution at the whim of Western and Israeli "leaders".

Many of the Muslim faith are already making this commitment at great personal risk. They realize they are a target of this ideology of terror. Everywhere we have joined in the fight against terrorism, Muslim allies have stood beside us, becoming partners in this vital cause. They know the stakes – the survival of their own liberty, the future of their own region, the justice and humanity of their own traditions – and the United States is proud to stand beside them. Not only will we continue to support the efforts of our Muslim partners overseas to reject violent extremism, we will continue to engage with and strengthen the efforts of Muslims within the United States as well. Through outreach programs and public diplomacy we will reveal the terrorists’ violent extremist ideology for what it is – a form of totalitarianism following in the path of fascism and Nazism.

Only in the lexicon of the White House could "Islamic terrorists" be a threat to Islamic people. In the reality being crafted by the Neocons and the Zionists, up is down, left is right and black is white. How gullible is the American and world public? How far can the big lie be pushed?

Over the short term: Four priorities of action

The advance of freedom, opportunity, and human dignity through democracy is the long-term solution to the transnational terror movement of today. To create the space and time for this long-term solution to take root, we are operating along four priorities of action in the short term.

Prevent attacks by terrorist networks. A government has no higher obligation than to protect the lives and livelihoods of its citizens. The hard core among our terrorist enemies cannot be reformed or deterred; they will be tracked down, captured, or killed. They will be cut off from the network of individuals, institutions, and other resources they depend on for support and that facilitate their activities. The network, in turn, will be deterred, disrupted, and disabled. Working with committed partners across the globe, we continue to use a broad range of tools at home and abroad to take the fight to the terrorists, deny them entry to the United States, hinder their movement across international borders, and establish protective measures to further reduce our vulnerability to attack.

As noted in the previously mentioned article, the Bush government is in fact fulfilling the alleged goals of the "terrorists" they claim to be fighting. Far from tracking down and killing hard core "terrorists", Bush himself has stated that Osama Bin laden, the alleged mastermind of the 9/11 attacks, is no longer interesting to the White House. Instead, the Bush government along with the Zionist Israeli government, is waging a campaign of death and destruction in the Middle East against ordinary innocent Muslim Arab peoples.

Attack terrorists and their capacity to operate. The United States and our partners continue to take active and effective measures against our primary terrorist enemies and certain other violent extremist groups that also pose a serious and continuing threat. We are attacking these terrorists and their capacity to operate effectively at home and abroad. Specifically, through the use of all elements of national power, we are denying or neutralizing what our terrorist enemies need to operate and survive:

As can be clearly seen, the only net result of the alleged American "war on terror" has been a decimation of civil liberties in America, an encroaching fascist police state in the US where every citizen is a potential "terrorist" unless they adhere to government dictates, and the murder of hundreds of thousands of Arab civilians in the Middle East. precious few alleged "terrorists" have been captured, yet the US and Israeli government's continue to torture and kill innocent individuals in their internment camps in Guantanamo bay and elsewhere.

Leaders, who provide the vision that followers strive to realize. They also offer the necessary direction, discipline, and motivation for accomplishing a given goal or task. Most terrorist organizations have a central figure who embodies the cause, in addition to several operational leaders and managers who provide guidance on a functional, regional, or local basis. The loss of a leader can degrade a group’s cohesiveness and in some cases may trigger its collapse. Other terrorist groups adapt by promoting experienced cadre or decentralizing their command structures, making our challenge in neutralizing terrorist leaders even greater.

As noted, the ideology of alleged "terror leaders" dovetails with that of the American government to the point that the actions of the American government in its war on terror is achieving the alleged goals of the alleged terrorists.

Foot soldiers, which include the operatives, facilitators, and trainers in a terrorist network. They are the lifeblood of a terrorist group – they make it run. Technology and globalization have enhanced the ability of groups to recruit foot soldiers to their cause, including well-educated recruits. We and our partners will not only continue to capture and kill foot soldiers, but will work to halt the influx of recruits into terrorist organizations as well. Without a continuing supply of personnel to facilitate and carry out attacks, these groups ultimately will cease to operate.

There is much evidence to suggest that the alleged terror training camps in countries like Pakistan are being run directly or by proxy by intelligence agencies affiliated with the US government. The Pakistani ISI for example is widely understood to be an arm of the CIA. The alleged al-Qaeda training camps in Pakistan are reported to be run by the Pakistani intelligence agency ISI, which is fully supported by the CIA.

Weapons, the tools of terrorists and the means by which they murder to advance their cause. Terrorists exploit many avenues to develop and acquire weapons, including through state sponsors, theft or capture, and black market purchases. Our enemies employ existing technology – explosives, small arms, missiles and other devices – in both conventional and unconventional ways to terrorize and achieve mass effects. They also use non-weapon technologies as weapons, such as the airplanes on September 11. Our greatest and gravest concern, however, is WMD in the hands of terrorists. Preventing their acquisition and the dire consequences of their use is a key priority of this strategy.

The international proliferation of weapons, particularly WMDs, is rigorously controlled by the governments of Western countries. American possesses the largest stockpile of both nuclear bombs and banned chemical and biological weapons on the planet. If "terrorists" obtain any such weapons, it can only be with the sanction of Western powers, particularly America. Indeed, there exists the distinct possibility that if a nuclear or other WMD attack is carried out against the population of a Western nation, it will in fact have been the work of covert intelligence assets of the Western nation itself, or Israel's Mossad. Israel possesses at least 200 nuclear weapons and is a non-signatory to the Nuclear Non-proliferation agreement. It is Israel therefore that poses the greatest threat to world peace due to its long-held goal to remove, by any means, any threat to its Imperialist designs on the Middle East.

Propaganda operations, which are used by terrorists to justify violent action as well as inspire individuals to support or join the movement. The ability of terrorists to exploit the Internet and 24/7 worldwide media coverage allows them to bolster their prominence as well as feed a steady diet of radical ideology, twisted images, and conspiracy theories to potential recruits in all corners of the globe. Besides a global reach, these technologies allow terrorists to propagate their message quickly, often before an effective counter to terrorist messages can be coordinated and distributed. These are force multipliers for our enemy.

A better example of utter fantasy and nonsense you are unlikely to find. Between them, Israel and the US have effectively neutered the worldwide mainstream media. Evidence of this can be found in the fact that for decades the reality of Israel's brutal treatment of Palestinians was utterly denied to Western audiences, leading them to believe that Israel was in fact that victim in the Middle East rather than the aggressor - which it clearly is. We should again take note however of the mention here of the internet and terrorism and 'conspiracy theory'. This appears to be a clear warning to US-based internet conspiracy theorists that their government has them in its sights.

Deny terrorists entry to the United States and disrupt their travel internationally. Denying our enemies the tools to travel internationally and across and within our borders significantly impedes their mobility and can inhibit their effectiveness. They rely on illicit networks to facilitate travel and often obtain false identification documents through theft or in-house forgery operations. We will continue to enhance the security of the American people through a layered system of protections along our borders, at our ports, on our roadways and railways, in our skies, and with our international partners. We will continue to develop and enhance security practices and technologies to reduce vulnerabilities in the dynamic transportation network, inhibit terrorists from crossing U.S. borders, and detect and prevent terrorist travel within the United States. Our efforts will include improving all aspects of aviation security; promoting secure travel and identity documents; disrupting travel facilitation networks; improving border security and visa screening; and building international capacity and improving international information exchange to secure travel and combat terrorist travel. Our National Strategy to Combat Terrorist Travel and our National Strategy for Maritime Security will help guide our efforts.

We are still waiting on an explanation as to how and why alleged chief hijacker Mohammed Atta (whose father claimed he was alive on September 12th 2001) was enrolled as a student at the International Officer’s School of Maxwell Airforce Base, with witnesses recalling him having been introduced around at an officers' club party. Also unanswered is the question of why many members of the bin Laden family were given permission by US government authorities to fly out of the US on September 11th 2001 when suspicion had already fallen on Osama. We are also none the wiser as to why the five Israeli Mossad agents who were caught dancing and cheering and filming the collapse of the WTC were held for two months and then expelled from the US to Israel on "immigration violations". Apparently America's borders are only secure when the US government wants them to be secure.

Defend potential targets of attack. Our enemies are opportunistic, exploiting vulnerabilities and seeking alternatives to those targets with increased security measures. The targeting trend since at least September 11 has been away from hardened sites, such as official government facilities with formidable security, and toward softer targets – schools, restaurants, places of worship, and nodes of public transportation – where innocent civilians gather and which are not always well secured. Specific targets vary, but they tend to be symbolic and often selected because they will produce mass casualties, economic damage, or both.

Here we are reminded of the July 2006 case of the 'Miami Seven' in the US, where an undercover FBI agent, posing as an 'al-Qaeda' operative, approached a group of apparently incompetent half-wits living in a warehouse in Florida. The group's name was "the Sea of David' and far from having anything to do with 'Islamic terrorism' they all claimed to be Christians who "trained through the bible". In a perfect example of how agents of the US government are actively attempting to manufacture Islamic terrorism, the undercover FBI agent:

approached the group and asked them if they wanted to join 'al-Qaeda'

'swore one of them in' as an 'al-Qaeda' member

offered them $50,000

provided them with army boots and a video camera

suggested that they might want to blow up some government buildings

suggested that they wanted to blow up the Sears tower

suggested to them that they wanted to wage "full ground war against the United States."

identified that one of them knew what the Sears tower was and had actually been to Chicago - once

All of this was trumpeted in the mainstream press as evidence of an "Islamic terror cell" working out of Florida and planning attacks against the American people. I kid you not, and not once was the most appropriate word used - entrapment.

The National Security Council document continues:

Deny WMD to rogue states and terrorist allies who seek to use them. Weapons of mass destruction in the hands of terrorists is one of the gravest threats we face. We have taken aggressive efforts to deny terrorists access to WMD-related materials, equipment, and expertise, but we will enhance these activities through an integrated effort at all levels of government and with the private sector and our foreign partners to stay ahead of this dynamic and evolving threat. In July 2006, the United States and Russia launched the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism to establish an international framework to enhance cooperation, build capacity, and act to combat the global threat of nuclear terrorism. This initiative will help drive international focus and action to ensure the international community is doing everything possible to prevent nuclear weapons, materials, and knowledge from reaching the hands of terrorists.

No effort however, has ever been made to do anything about the REAL nuclear threat to the world - America and Israel's massive stockpiles of nuclear weapons.

Deny terrorists the support and sanctuary of rogue states. The United States and its allies and partners in the War on Terror make no distinction between those who commit acts of terror and those who support and harbor terrorists. Any government that chooses to be an ally of terror has chosen to be an enemy of freedom, justice, and peace. The world will hold those regimes to account. To break the bonds between rogue states and our terrorist enemies, we will work to disrupt the flow of resources from states to terrorists while simultaneously working to end state sponsorship of terrorism.

Notice how "America" suddenly becomes "the world" in this paragraph. Quite clearly, almost every American and British, and certainly every Israeli, administration over the past 50 years have consistently used acts of unmitigated terrorism against other nations and their peoples to achieve their political objectives. See this link for a video of the testimony of ex CIA member John Stockwell on the secret wars of American governments that have caused the death of 6 million innocent people around the world. For committing acts of terrorism therefore, America Britain and Israel stand alone as the most brutal and ruthless perpetrators of crimes against humanity.

End state sponsorship of terrorism. State sponsors are a critical resource for our terrorist enemies, often providing funds, weapons, training, safe passage, and sanctuary. Some of these countries have developed or have the capability to develop WMD and other destabilizing technologies that could fall into the hands of terrorists. The United States currently designates five state sponsors of terrorism: Iran, Syria, Sudan, North Korea, and Cuba. We will maintain sanctions against them and promote their international isolation until they end their support for terrorists, including the provision of sanctuary. To further isolate these regimes and persuade other states not to sponsor terror, we will use a range of tools and efforts to delegitimate terrorism as an instrument of statecraft. Any act of international terrorism, whether committed by a state or individual, is reprehensible, a threat to international peace and security, and should be unequivocally and uniformly rejected. Similarly, states that harbor and assist terrorists are as guilty as the terrorists, and they will be held to account.

Notice how CUBA is now a "terrorist nation" and potential possessor of WMDs. The Bush administration appears confident that it can simply include any nation it chooses in the "terror grouping", and feel no responsibility to provide one shred of evidence. What needs to be understood is that both the US and Israel are in full control of the bogus terrorist threat - they created it and are actively using it to justify their imperialistic designs on many parts of the world. It is an age-old ploy that eminently logic from the point of view of a fighting strategist of a decidedly evil persuasion.

Iran remains the most active state sponsor of international terrorism. Through its Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and Ministry of Intelligence and Security, the regime in Tehran plans terrorist operations and supports groups such as Lebanese Hizballah, Hamas, and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ). Iran also remains unwilling to account for and bring to justice senior al-Qaida members it detained in 2003. Most troubling is the potential WMD-terrorism nexus that emanates from Tehran. Syria also is a significant state sponsor of terrorism and thus a priority for concern. The regime in Damascus supports and provides haven to Hizballah, Hamas, and PIJ. We will continue to stand with the people of Iran and Syria against the regimes that oppress them at home and sponsor terror abroad.

Such claims are spurious and not backed up by any evidence whatsoever save that which the US and Israeli governments invent and peddle as fact. Iran and Syria may be supporting Hizb'allah for example, but they do so simply in an attempt to stave off Israeli and American predatorial designs on the Iranian and Syrian nations, their resources and peoples. Their resistance is a just resistance, yet the American and Israeli governments call such resistance "terrorism", simply because it suits them.

Deny terrorists control of any nation they would use as a base and launching pad for terror. Our terrorist enemies are striving to claim a strategic country as a haven for terror. From this base, they could destabilize the Middle East and strike America and other free nations with ever-increasing violence. This we can never allow. Our enemies had established a sanctuary in Afghanistan prior to Operation Enduring Freedom, and today terrorists see Iraq as the central front of their fight against the United States.

We can wager that most Iraqi citizens also see Iraq as the central front of their fight against the United States, and they understand with equal clarity that it is the US that is engaging in terrorism against the Iraqi people. It is said that 'one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter', yet this concept can be further refined with the addition of the ideas of right and wrong and justice. Logically we can surely come to a consensus that terrorists are wrong and unjust and freedom fighters are right and justified. While the American government may claim that its troops are freedom fighters and the Iraqi resistance "terrorists", the actions of American troops in Iraq in occupying the country and murdering 250,000 Iraqi civilians are clearly wrong and unjust, leaving it clear just who the real terrorists are.
Comment on this Editorial



Editorial: List of collective massacres perpetrated by Israeli Army in its attack against Lebanon in summer 2006

Angry Arab News Service
September 4, 2006

The table on Israeli massacres that I posted yesterday was prepared by my sister, Mirvat, for the head of an international agency. She explains that the table is based on: "1. My first translation of Jana Nasrallah; 2. The Lebanese Human Rights Association prepared a list (I got it from their website); 3. The daily updates I was writing to ... since the onset of the assault. I did it for her since she will be attending a conference on Women and Children in times of war. I am happy that you like it. The term chemical was used by the Lebanese Association for Human Rights." (text was changed per Mirvat's request)

No.

Village

Region

Date

Targeted area

Number of killed

Number of wounded

Remarks

1.

Aytaroun first massacre

Bint Jbeil/ South Lebanon

July 12

Houses of both Ali and Hassan Al-Akhrass

11 civilians

unknown

The family members of Hassan Al-Akrass hold the Canadian nationality and held a press conference in Montreal

2.

Dweir massacre

Nabatiyeh/ South Lebanon

July 13

Ali Akkash house

12 civilians

An entire family was killed with children under 18

3.

Zibkeen

massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July13

Naim Bzeeh with its three floors

12 civilians

unknown

Corpses remained under the rubble till the end of the aggression

4.

Shhour massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 13

Ali Khashab house

7 civilians

unknown

There were still corpses under the rubble

5.

Baflay massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 13

Munir Zein

8 civilians

unknown

Amongst the victims there were two Kuwaitis

6.

Yatar first massacre

Bint Jbeil / South Lebanon

July 14

Abu-Akeel Sweydan

5 civilians

unknown

7.

Marwaheen massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 15

A convoy of civilians attempting to flee the village after Israeli warning to bomb Marwaheen

22 civilians

unknown

The convoy was struck in Bayyada

8.

Civil Defense Building

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 16

8-storey building

12 civilians

50 wounded

Corpses remained under the rubble

9.

Abbassiyeh crossroad massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 16

Building on the main road

13 civilians

unknown

10.

Abba massacre

Nabatiyeh/

South Lebanon

July 16

Abed El-Aziz

Tarheeni

10 civilians

12 civilians

Most of the victims belongedto the same family

11.

Borj Shamali massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 16

Ramez Zayyat house

5 civilians

8 civilians

Two newborns were killed

12.

Aytaroun Second massacre

Bint Jbeil / South Lebanon

July 17

Houses of both Mohammed and Hassan Awada

13 civilians

unknown

Corpses were still under the rubble

13.

Rmayleh massacre

July 17

Convoy of displaced people trying to flee their villages heavily struck by air raids

12 civilians

unknown

Chemical bombs were thrown on a convoy of displaced people

14.

Al-Hosh massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 17

Kodsi Villa

4 civilians

3civilians

UNIFIL removed the rubble and pulled the corpses buried beneath the rubble

15.

Shmeiss massacre

Shheem / Mount Lebanon

July 17

Residential house

5 civilians

10 civilians

16.

Srifa massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

Night of 18-19 July

As-Sakna and Al Marj neighborhoods, the total demolition of more than 10 houses

More than 35 civilians

30 civilians

Corpses of victims remained for weeks, till rotting disintegrated

17.

Aynatha massacre

Bint Jbeil / South Lebanon

Night ofJuly 19

Sami Darwish house

4 civilians

5 civilians

Corpses remained under the rubble

18.

Salaa

massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 19

Hassan Moustapha Ayyoub

6 civilians

unknown

Corpses remained under the rubble

19.

Aytaroun third massacre

Bint Jbeil / South Lebanon

July 19

Convoy of displaced feeling Aytaroun on the Borj Shamali road

4 civilians

2 civilians

20.

Maaraboun massacre

West Bekaa

July 19

Convoy of pickup trucks driven by farmers

7 civilians

2 civilians

21.

Nabatiyeh first massacre

Nabtiyeh / South Lebanon

July 19

Down town Capitol commercial building

5 civilians

5 civilians

The raid targeted also an ambulance

22.

Nabi Sheet massacre

West Bekaa

July 19

Hassan Shakar house

8 civilians

3 civilians

Amongst the victims there were displaced from Mayss Al-Jabal village, two entirefamilies of 8 were killed

23.

Tyre second massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 19

Residential areas in Tyre

20 civilians

unknown

Many corpses remained under the rubble for several days

24.

Nabatiyeh second massacre

Nabatiyeh/ South Lebanon

July 25

House of Saad Mamzeh

7 civilians

unknown

25.

Haddatha massacre

Bint Jbeil/ South Lebanon

July 28

Hussein Mohammed Sabra house

6 civilians

unknown

The air raid targeted a religious place used for social occasions (called "husseyniyeh") of the neighboring village, 6 members of the same family were killed

26.

Kfarjoz massacre

Nabatiyeh/South Lebanon

July 28

Dana Al-Khaleej Building

6 civilians

unknown

Many neighboring residential buildings were hit

27.

Deir Kanoun Nahr massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 28

Abed Ezzedine house

4 civilians

unknown

28.

Yatar second massacre

Bint Jbeil/ South Lebanon

July 28

Internal houses and roads

4 civilians

unknown

29.

Noumeyriyyeh massacre

Nabatiyeh/South Lebanon

July 29

Houses of both families Haraki and Bdeir

7 civilians

unknown

One entire family was killed in addition to neighbors

30.

Ayn Arab massacre

Bekaa

July 29

Unidentified residential houses

6 civilians

3 wounded

Many corpses remained under the rubble for several days

31.

Yaroun massacre

Bint Jbeil/South Lebanon

July 30

A house where villagers were hiding seeking a safe haven

6 civilians

unknown

6mebers of the same family (Khanafer) were killed : 3 women and 3 children

32.

New Qana massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

July 30

Shalhoub building (three-storey)

60 civilians

9 civilians at least

The victims were mainly from Shalhoub and Hashem families. Corpses remained under the rubble for several days

33.

Hareess massacre

Bint Jbeil/South Lebanon

July 31

Houses of Khalil Jawad and Ali Saaban

16 civilians

unknown

The 16 corpses of the two families remained under the rubble of the two residential houses

34.

Halloussiyeh massacre

Tyre/South Lebanon

July 31

Hussein Mwanness

More than 13 civilians

unknown

All the corpses belonged to the same family (many of them were children under 12) and remained under the rubble for several weeks

35.

Road massacre in Qoleyleh

Tyre/South Lebanon

July 31

Roads and vehicles between Qoleyleh and A-Jebbeyn

12 civilians

Amongst the victims there was a corpse of an 8 year old child)

36.

Luweyzeh massacre

Ikleem Tuffah/

South Lebanon

August 1

Salim Hashem house

5 civilians

1 civilian

37.

Maaroub massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

August 1

Abdel-Hussein Taleb

5 civilians

unknown

Corpses remained under the rubble for a while

38.

Baalbeck massacre

Bekaa

Night August 1-2

A commandos operation on a hospital in Baalbeck killed civilians

17 civilians

8 civilians

The victims were only women, children and Syrian workers. Five innocent were kidnapped and released later

39.

Qaa massacre

Bekaa

August 4

Syrian workers who were packaging peaches

50 civilians

unknown

40.

Taybeh massacre

Marjeyoun/ South Lebanon

August 4

Two-storey residential house

7 civilians

10 civilians

The victims were elderly unable to leave their houses

41.

Ayta Shaab massacre

Bint Jbeil/ South Lebanon

August 4

Residential house

10 civilians

unknown

Corpses remained under the rubble for a while

42.

Ansar massacre

Nabatiyeh/ South Lebanon

August 6

Ibrahim Assi house

5 civilians

10 civilians

An entire family (Ibrahim Assi, his wife, his two daughters and their neighbors). Rescue workers who were pulling them were hit by another air strike that hit 9neighboring houses

43.

Al-Jubbeyn massacre

Tyre / South Lebanon

August 6

House of Kassem Akeel

4 civilians

unknown

Air strikes hit heavily the village killing Kassem Akeel, his wife, his daughter and another victim

44.

Houla massacre

Marjeyoun/ South Lebanon

August 7

Several residential houses, amongst them a shelter

5 civilians

unknown

60 persons who were hiding in a shelter and a social club ("husseyniyeh") were miraculously rescued, while all surrounding buildings were totally destroyed by 6 heavy air strikes

45.

Ghassaniyeh massacre

Saida/ South Lebanon

August 7

Abdallah Tohmeh house

8 civilians

unknown

An air strike hit at dawn Abdallah Khalil two-storey building killing him, his wife, his two sons, his two brothers and two others

46.

Ghaziyeh first massacre

Saida/ South Lebanon

August 7

Residential neighborhoods

21 civilians

30 civilians

47.

Kfartebneet massacre

Nabatiyeh/ South Lebanon

August 7

Residential houses

5 civilians

18 civilians

7 houses were totally destroyed, Harouf village was targeted later

48.

Breetal first massacre

Bekaa

August 7

Residential houses

14 civilians

31 civilians

Many houses were totally damaged, Shmestar village was targeted later

49.

Shiyyah massacre

Beirut southern suburb

August 7

Hajjaj residential neighborhood

20 civilians

30 civilians

The death toll increased later since many corpses were removed beneath the rubble. Amongst the victims, there were displaced from Beer Al-Abed, Haret Hrayk, Hayy Mawad

50.

Ghaziyeh second massacre

Saida/ South Lebanon

August 8

Air raids struck heavily on the funeral procession of the victims of the previous day air raids

14 civilians

24 civilians

51.

Mashgharah massacre

Bekaa

August 9

Four-storey building

8 civilians

unknown

The victims were all from the same family

52.

Al-Hayssa massacre

Akkar / North Lebanon

August 11

Al-Hayssa bridge

12 civilians

15 civilians

53.

Marjeyoun convoy massacre

Bekaa

August 11

A displaced convoy heading to the Bekaa valley fleeing Marjeyoun area

7 civilians

32 civilians

The convoy was escorted by UN forces and had previous security clearance. It was constituted more than 1500 civilian cars and 200 military cars

54.

Rweyss massacre

Beirut southern suburb

August 13

15 civilians

unknown

The death toll increased later after pulling additional corpses from under the rubble. Amongst the people who were killed there were three newborns

55.

Breetal second massacre

Bekaa

August 13

One residential building in Breetal

13 civilians

22 civilians

Five families were looking for a safe haven in the building that was struck heavily by Israeli air raids

56.

Jamaliyyeh massacre

Bekaa

August 14

A van carrying civilians

7 civilians

7 civilians

The van was carrying displaced people

Original


Comment on this Editorial


Editorial: How 9/11 changed America: In statistics

BBC
September 7, 2006

Five years after the 11 September attacks, how has America changed? Click through these graphs to explore long-term trends in selected aspects of life. We include the five years preceding 2001 for comparison.

[ Click here to view the graphs ]
Comment on this Editorial


Editorial: Will Russia Stop the War?

By Israel Shamir, from Moscow[1]
7 September 2006

Israel and the US, the terrible Siamese twins conjoined by their Jewish communities, are on the warpath. The usually knowledgeable Uzi Mahanaimi wrote in the Sunday Times that the plans have been laid out, and preparations are being completed for the resumption of the war on Syria and Iran temporarily stopped by the Hezbullah fighters in the mountains of Southern Lebanon. President Bush hopes to improve his sagging popularity by the war, says Alex Cockburn. A condemnation of Iran by the Security Council is all he needs before the attack at dawn. Until now, such resolutions were produced after a short period of haggling. Now there is a chance Russia will use its veto, and then the US plans would be shelved and the assault on Iran cancelled.

Before 1990, such a vote would be certain. In those days of the much-maligned Soviet Union, the Russians advanced many causes of which we still enjoy the fruits: together with their Cuban allies they stopped the apartheid tanks in Angola and brought about Mandela's release and the creation of a more egalitarian South Africa. The Russians supported European trade unions and Communist parties, preventing the onslaught of privatisation, outsourcing and globalisation. If you had it better before 1990, and you probably did, it was due to this Russian influence. The Russians supplied the enemies of the Empire with their cheap and good weapons, and they blocked the Empire's attempts to legitimise its aggressions via UN resolutions. Their planes and their ground-to-air missiles helped the Vietnamese and the Koreans to win the war. Their influence and abilities were limited: the Russians never could compete on an equal footing with the immense power of the West harnessed by Washington. But they could spike the wheels of the American Juggernaut, and so they did. The Empire hated them and wished them dead, and many Western intellectuals supported this wish.

My friend, Russian maverick poet Edward Limonov, wrote a short story in the 1980s: what would happen if Russia were to disappear altogether from the face of Earth? The US would intervene all over the world on massive scale, and capitalism and imperialism would regain ground lost since 1917 with a vengeance, he prophesied; and so it has happened: Panama, Nicaragua, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Afghanistan were invaded. The rich grew richer, the middle class shrank, freedoms were undone on the pretext of a "War on Terror."

The Western Left contributed a lot to this unhappy development, for Soviet Russia was undone by double perfidy. In the end, their elites betrayed their masses and privatised the wealth created by the Soviet people. But before that, we, the Western Left, had internalized the Evil Empire cliché and repeated every slogan manufactured by the enemy. We chanted Let My People Go, and demanded an extra privilege for Jews, the right to emigrate. We did not care that the Palestinians had no right to return to their homes, while the Russian Jews wanted to move into settlements in occupied Palestine. We supported Russian dissidents, though they hated all we stood for and considered Pinochet 'a soft leftist'. We accused Russians of their long-gone Gulag, and brought in Abu Ghraib. We condemned Russians too much, and contributed to their feeling of isolation, and to the second, fatal betrayal by their elites.

We, good and sincere people, were misled and tricked by the media machine into an outburst of condemnation against our only mighty ally. The Western Left did not survive the collapse: it went into self-destruct mode, and what remains is represented by the likes of Tony Blair. All over the Western world, the elites celebrate their unlimited wealth and luxury, while ordinary people are worse and worse off. Not only industrial workers: unless you are a CEO you live worse than you did, and your chances to improve your lot are worse than they ever were.

But luckily Russia did not disappear forever, though it was a close call. Boris Yeltsin sold its resources to his cronies and to Western companies, shelled the Parliament and transferred media and oil into the hands of Jewish oligarchs. Yeltsin installed Vladimir Putin, an ex-KGB officer and would-be Pinochet, with orders to keep the stolen property in the hands of thieves and the country in the Western grip. Now it appears that the enemies of Russia miscalculated with this man. Instead of doing a Pinochet on behalf of the oligarchs, Putin broke the oligarchs' grip; he exiled and jailed some crooked tycoons, and restored a semblance of law and order in the country. He returned the main TV channels to the people. My wealthy Jewish acquaintances in Russia tell me that money does not rule in the country anymore. One can buy comforts, but not the power.

The oil revenues began to flow into the country, not only to private coffers in Swiss banks. This revitalised the economy. The infrastructure ruined by Gorbachev and Yeltsin is being restored and improved; housing is being built in vast amounts; the once-degraded army is receiving new hardware; main streets shine with bright new shops; new and repaired highways with millions of cars connect villages and cities. The Chechen war is over; that republic has been reintegrated into Russia, and its dwellers enjoy full civil rights. Russian ballet again captures eyes and hearts. After the total collapse of the film industry in the 1990s, Russians are again making many movies, even blockbusters with mass appeal (like The Night Guard) as well as "festival art". Obsessive, guilt-ridden lamentation has given way to new prose and poetry. Thousands of churches have been refurbished and their onion domes gilded; all the churches are full on Sundays. Historically a country of Orthodox Christianity and Sunni Islam, Russia preserves this tradition, and here the Christians and Muslims live in relative harmony despite the efforts of pro-American forces to inject Islamophobia into Russian hearts. The state TV, taken away from Jewish oligarchs and freed from PC tyranny, shows a lot of footage of the venerable grey-bearded Patriarch (the Russian Pope) and the nimble karate-fighter of a President enforcing the faith-and-authority tradition of Russia.

A mammoth 1500-page-long novel by the Russian painter Maxim Kantor, The Drawing Textbook , le dernier cri of Russian literature, has been received by many readers as a proclamation of volte-face: Russia's ideological subservience to the Mammonite West is over! Kantor does not stop at condemning comprador capitalists: they were preceded by comprador intellectuals. Kantor defends Christ from the humanist assaults: Christianity was betrayed by humanists, in his view. Kantor is not fond of the new Russian regime: he regrets that Russia gave up its socialism, and considers 20 years of capitalist development as a flop: "barracks' socialism was replaced by barracks' capitalism". With this book, a modern War and Peace, Russia's re-invention is officially on the way, and this great country with its great people may yet turn the tide of history.

It is doubtful whether Russia will turn leftwards anytime soon. But the international activism of adventure-seeking Americans is not acceptable to any independent Russian state. Russians are not happy with the American military bases surrounding Russia, with the aggressive push of NATO, or with politically motivated limitations on Russian companies. The Russians feel that they were cheated 20 years ago, when the West proclaimed its desire to reach full peace and harmony, and to respect the independence of nations. Believing this bull, the Russian troops left East Europe, but American troops still lounge in Germany, Italy, Japan; they advanced into Poland and this summer tried to land in Crimea, next to the Russian fleet's home base. The Russians left Vietnam, but the Americans still occupy Okinawa.

Russia's leaders feel unsafe: since the Soviet Union's demise, leaders of independent sovereign states - Noriega, Saddam Hussein, Milosevic - have been snatched and imprisoned for denying the will of Washington. Neither is Russian wealth safe: Russia, like many nations, is obliged to keep its savings in the bottomless pit of the American economy, but nobody can collect on these investments yet. Norway invested all its oil income in the US stock market, and lost all of it; Swedish pension funds went the same way. If this is the case with the best friends of the US, what will happen to its enemies? Iran, Iraq, Palestine lost all their savings by decisions of the US administration. Moreover, its legal system allows the US to sue foreign states for unlimited amounts. Thus, the families of victims of the Lockerbie crash received from besieged Libya a cool ten million dollars per passenger, although the American courts authorise ten thousand times smaller sums for the victims of American bombings - if indeed they receive anything at all.

Russia feels unsafe, for the US has invaded other sovereign countries more often and with greater impunity than Hitler ever did. This feeling is shared by a less vocal China. "The great issue that divides the U.N. is no longer Communism versus capitalism, as it once was; it is sovereignty", preached the New York Times. Its scribe, James Traub, lists many countries that "abuse their citizens under protection of sovereignty". In vain will you look there for the name of Israel, though the Jews killed over a thousand people in Lebanon, and over 200 civilians last month in Gaza alone.

The great divisive issue of our times is actually somewhat different: whether the US and Israel are the only sovereign countries, while others have a limited "demo" version. Why does Israel get away with aggression (and now with its sea and air blockade of a sovereign UN member state, Lebanon) while peaceful Iran must be censured? Why has Israel been able to reject all pertinent UN resolutions and yet never had sanctions applied against it, while Iran is about to be bombed? Are non-Jews less valuable than Jews? The case of Iran provides a good opportunity for Russia and China to present a case for sovereignty and non-interference.

Some of better Soviet policies were embedded in the Christian ethos of Russia, and the tradition of helping the downtrodden and the weak, of resisting aggressor is one of them. Post-Soviet Russia inherited these traditions. But in this case practical need coincides with the call of compassion. Unless President Putin views with equanimity the possibility of being snatched and brought to some American kangaroo court himself, he may want to contemplate stopping this orgy of invasions. Iran is a case of one invasion too far. Iran is a sovereign country; it did not break international law. Its decision to enrich uranium is fully within its rights according to the NPT. Whether they worship Allah or Jehovah is entirely their internal affair. And by applying its right of veto, Russia would signal that interference in internal affairs of sovereign states will not be tolerated and legitimised in the UN. Russia won't be alone - China, equally unhappy with US interference, may support it with its own veto.

The alternative is too much to consider: even if the UN resolution doesn't refer to sanctions, the US is famous for its cavalier way of interpreting UN text. Any condemnation (even a soft one) will be used as carte blanche for nuking Iran and taking it over; then the US chain of military bases will run continuously around the south flank of Russia and China, through Turkey, Georgia, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan. "Rebellious" Ahmadinejad will be brought to Tel Aviv in iron chains, while the US takes over the oil resources of Iran, and by using Iran and Iraq oil, undermines the Russian position in the world economy. Afterwards, under this or some other pretext, they may confiscate Russia's assets, threaten Putin with Ahmadinejad's fate and return Russia to its miserable position of Yeltsin's days. Thus, using their veto in the Security Council would be a very prudent and wise step for both Russia and China, especially if it were accompanied by granting Iran full membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

The results of a Russian veto would be greater than just postponement of the US assault on Iran: it would send a strong signal that the end of Pax Americana is nigh. The "Old" Europe may take it as a cue and regain its independence, even demanding to remove those vestiges of WWII, US military bases, from Europe. The "New" Europe may understand it is out of step, and curtail its pro-American and anti-Russian partisanship. Japan could demand an end to the occupation of Okinawa. The Law of Nations will rule the world again, instead of the will of the Pentagon.

And then the time for a new American independence drive will come, independence of America from its Jewish Lobby. Such a drive took place in the revolutionary Russia of the 1920s, when Russian Communists argued about whether they should go for world revolution, as Trotsky demanded, or for creating socialism in their own country, as proposed by Stalin and Bukharin. If their militant activism is rejected, Americans may discard their neo-Trotskyites, both Republicans and Democrats keen on spreading their "world democratic revolution", in favour of isolationists who prefer building to spreading. Supporters of spreading - from George W. Bush to Hilary Clinton - are great friends of Israel. The bipartisan support of Israel within the US political elites means also their subservience to the Jewish Lobby. Rejection of the Lobby may become the single slogan of a new American revolution, of a new American political party of independence and non-interference on the way to creating a United States the world can live with.

[1] [A Russian version of this article was published in the www.politjournal.ru ]

Language editing: Ken Freeland and Roger Tucker
Comment on this Editorial


All War, All the Time


Iran says U.S., Israel ordered September 11 attacks

Iran Focus
06/09/2006

Tehran, Iran, Sep. 06 - The Supreme Commander of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps accused the Bush Administration and the Israeli security service Mossad of ordering the September 11, 2001 attacks in New York and Washington, DC.

"The events of September 11 were ordered by U.S. [officials] and Mossad so that they could carry out their strategy of pre-emption and warmongering and unipolarisation in order to dominate the Middle East", Major General Yahya Rahim Safavi told military commanders on Tuesday. His comments were reported by the state-run news agency ISNA.

General Safavi said that Iran was the leading force of the "Islamic world". "The geographic heart of the Islamic world is in Mecca and Medina. But, the political heart of the Islamic world is in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Supreme Leader [Ayatollah Ali Khamenei] is the flag-bearer of the front of Islamic awakening and the fronts of the awakening of third world nations", he said.

He said that Washington had been defeated in its strategy of "attacking Iraq, Afghanistan, and Lebanon" and creating a new order in the Middle East.

"The U.S.'s neo-conservative strategy was to dominate the vast energy resources of the Persian Gulf in order to be able to control Europe, China, and India and drive the world to a unipolar state. Therefore, it planned to change undesirable regimes such as those of Iraq, Sudan, Syria, and Afghanistan".
The IRGC general said that the Lebanese militia Hezbollah had defeated Israel during their recent war. "After many years, the political and military image and hollow might of the Zionist regime was broken and the real power of Hezbollah fighters was proven. Thus, Hezbollah defeated Israel".

He described Washington and Tel Aviv as two "inter-continental threats" against Tehran. "The U.S. must be livid at Iran because of its disgraceful defeats in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Lebanon. Regarding [Iran's] nuclear dossier, it might try to create circumstances so that slowly but surely economic and political pressure is applied against Iran by the [United Nations] Security Council".

He accused Washington of plotting a "cultural" attack on Tehran by setting up new radio and television stations broadcasting into Iran, supporting dissident groups, and stepping up intelligence operations. "Therefore, the armed forces must be completely prepared in order to combat any forms of foreign and domestic threats", he said.

He charged that Britain and the U.S. were stirring ethnic and religious divisions in Iran, in particular in the provinces close to the country's frontiers.

The IRGC's primary task is to export the Islamic revolution to Jerusalem via Baghdad.

Hard-line President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is one of many officials who stem from the IRGC.



Comment on this Article


U.S.: Sanctions on Iran next step

www.chinaview.cn 2006-09-07 04:54:37

WASHINGTON, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- The United States said on Wednesday that imposing sanctions on Iran will represent the
next step of U.S. diplomacy.

As the deadline of the UN Security Council Resolution 1696, which required Iran to suspend uranium enrichment by the end of August, had passed and "since Iran has not taken the steps required by the IAEA and the Security Council, it is now essential that we move to adopt sanctions against Iran," said Robert Joseph, undersecretary of state for arms control and international security, at a briefing on Wednesday.
"Sanctions represent the next step in our diplomacy, as the United States continues to persuade Iran to change its course and abandon its nuclear weapons program," Joseph said, adding that the United States is now discussing the issue with other members of the UN Security Council.

The United States has accused Iran of trying to develop nuclear weapons under the cover of civilian nuclear programs. Iran has said that its nuclear programs are for peaceful purposes only.



Comment on this Article


U.S. Steps Up Pressure on Russia, China Over Iran Sanctions

Created: 07.09.2006 09:29 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 09:50 MSK
MosNews

The United States said it expected China and Russia to conquer qualms over imposing UN sanctions on Iran, warning the prospect of its foe going nuclear was "intolerable". Robert Joseph, US under secretary of state for arms control and international security, said he believed a vote on sanctions could come as early this month, the AFP news agency reports.
The latest US call for sanctions came days after Iran ignored an August 31 deadline to stop uranium enrichment, and on the eve of talks in Berlin among the five permanent members of the Security Council plus Germany.

President George W. Bush on Tuesday branded Iran's leaders "tyrants" and said they must not be allowed to get nuclear weapons, "the tools of mass murder." "It is now essential that we move to adopt sanctions against Iran," Joseph told foreign reporters in Washington.

"A nuclear-armed Iran is intolerable - not just to the United States but to the entire international community," he said. "As the president said, now there must be costs, there must be costs imposed on Iran."

Joseph also said he expected China and Russia to support sanctions, despite signs they were reluctant to punish Tehran. "I think China, like Russia and the other states that voted for the resolution, will support what is called for in the resolution," he said, referring to UN Resolution 1696, which threatened sanctions if Iran missed the deadline. The fundamental bargain has been struck."

Russia said earlier it still had reservations about imposing sanctions against Iran, but was considering the issue in the context of its desire to halt the spread of weapons of mass destruction.

"Whether we use (sanctions) or not has still to be decided, since any economic measures must be commensurate with real threats to international security," Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov was quoted as saying by ITAR-TASS.

Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was defiant in talks in Tehran with UN Secretary General Kofi Annan at the weekend, saying he was prepared to negotiate on Iran's nuclear program but would not accept a suspension of enrichment first.

Uranium enrichment is a process that can be used to make nuclear fuel and, in highly extended form, the core of an atomic bomb.

Joseph said it was difficult to predict how long diplomatic discussions would take, but asked whether a sanctions vote could take place this month, he said: "My own personal assessment would be yes."

But he also accused Tehran of running out the clock after the postponement of talks in Vienna on Wednesday between EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana and Iranian negotiator Ali Larijani.

"Iran has been playing for time, and I would say quite successfully, for the last three years," Joseph said.

"I think we even see it today in the context of their postponement of the meeting between Mr. Solana and Mr. Larijani."

Iran denies that its nuclear program is geared toward weapons development. But State Department spokesman Sean McCormack Wednesday said repeated Iranian intransigence had made such denials worthless. "We have gotten to a point, because of Iran's behavior, that the international community frankly doesn't believe Iran when it says that it is pursuing only a peaceful nuclear energy program."

US Under Secretary of State Nicholas Burns was leaving Washington on Wednesday for the Berlin talks.



Comment on this Article


'We cannot accept a war of civilisations': Douste-Blazy

VIENNA, Sept 6, 2006 (AFP)

Talks to kickstart negotiations on Iran's nuclear ambitions stumbled Wednesday when Iranian officials said a meeting here between Iranian and EU officials had been postponed.

"We will not have the meeting today (Wednesday) in Vienna, but it will be held in a couple of days" in Vienna, Iranian ambassador Ali Asghar Soltanieh told AFP adding there was "no particular reason" for the delay.
"It is more appropriate for both sides to meet later," he said.

EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana and Iranian negotiator Ali Larijani had tentatively planned to meet in Vienna on Wednesday, ahead of talks in Berlin on Thursday between six nations trying to reach a deal with Iran over its suspect nuclear program.

Washington has led international concerns that Iran is covertly trying to develop a nuclear weapons program, something Tehran denies.

Wednesday's proposed talks had been aimed at giving diplomacy a last chance after Tehran ignored an August 31 deadline to stop uranium enrichment.

But in a sign of mounting international impatience, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Wednesday Russia was considering support for UN economic sanctions against Iran.

"We will consider this from all points of view, in totality, based on our goal of not allowing the spread of WMD (weapons of mass destruction) and technology that is linked with this," state-run RIA Novosti quoted him as saying.

However, Lavrov said Russia still had reservations about imposing sanctions on Iran and he underlined Moscow's opposition to military action.

Late Tuesday US President George W. Bush stepped up his war of words against Tehran, lashing out at Iran's leaders, dubbing them tyrants, and comparing them to the Al-Qaeda terror network.

"The world's free nations will not allow Iran to develop a nuclear weapon," Bush said, adding the world was working to stop Iran "acquiring the tools of mass murder."

Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad hit back saying Bush was "nothing" compared to God's will.

"I am telling him (Bush) that all the world is threatening you since the general path that the world is taking is towards worshipping God and divinity," Ahmadinejad told a conference in Tehran.

Iran has insisted on its right to a peaceful nuclear program and continued uranium enrichment -- the strategic process which makes nuclear reactor fuel, but also atomic bomb material.

But French Foreign Minister Philippe Douste-Blazy on Wednesday urged the two sides to keep talking.

"We cannot accept a war of civilisations" between a western bloc and a Muslim bloc, he told Radio Monte-Carlo commenting on Bush's remarks.

"Good and evil are not decreed by the West in this country or that continent," he said.

Britain, China, France, Germany, Russia and the United States are to meet in Berlin on Thursday on the Iran nuclear crisis.

In Brussels, Solana's spokeswoman Christina Gallach confirmed the EU chief had also not left for Vienna, but was still ready to meet with Larijani.

"Solana is a representative of the other six and the offer was made by the six," she said.

A diplomat in Vienna, who asked not to be named, said the larger problem was that the Iranians saw Solana as merely a "messenger and want to bring European ministers into the talks but that is impossible."

"The Iranians don't want to meet Solana. He's only the postman," said another diplomat.

It is believed Solana wanted to try to seek Iranian clarifications over Tehran's 21-page reponse to an incentives deal offered by the six world powers which includes an offer to relaunch talks if Iran suspends uranium enrichment.



Comment on this Article


Iran Unveils Locally Made Fighter Plane

By NASSER KARIMI
Forbes.com
09.06.2006

Iran unveiled its first locally manufactured fighter plane Wednesday during large-scale military exercises, state-run television reported.

The report said the bomber Saegheh is similar to the American F-18 fighter plane, but "more powerful." It also said the plane was "designed, optimized and improved by Iranian experts."
State TV said the Iranian air force had commissioned the Saegheh plane after many test flights in the past year.

Television footage showed the airplane taking off and launching two rockets. The plane had a small cockpit and only one pilot.

"Saegheh is capable of launching both rockets and bombs," the report said.

General Karim Ghavami, commander of Iran's air force, told state-run television that the war games were being held "to show the trans-regional forces that we are ready to defend our country up to the latest drop of our blood."

The Islamic republic is concerned about the U.S. military presence in neighboring Iraq and Afghanistan at a time when the international community has threatened to impose sanctions against Tehran because of its disputed nuclear program.

During the war-games, which began Aug. 19 and have been dubbed "The Blow of Zolfaghar," Iran has test-fired short-range, surface-to-surface missiles, submarine-to-surface missiles, a new air defense system and laser bombs.

Iran's military also test-fired a series of missiles during war games in the Persian Gulf in March and April, including a missile it claimed was undetectable by radar and could use multiple warheads to hit several targets simultaneously.

After decades of relying on foreign weapons purchases, Iran now says it is increasingly self-sufficient, claiming it annually exports more than $100 million worth of military equipment to more than 50 countries.

Since 1992, Iran has produced its own tanks, armored personnel carriers and missiles, the government said. It announced in early 2005 that it had begun producing torpedoes. The government has not said how many warplanes it will build.



Comment on this Article


Iran tests first-ever 2,000-pound guided bomb: minister

IRNA
Sept 6, 2006

Defense Minister Mostafa Mohammad Najjar said here Wednesday that Iran has, for the first time, designed and produced a 2,000-pound guided bomb named 'Qassed'.

Referring to the bomb, he said "Iran will test one of the best achievements of the defense ministry in the (ongoing) 'Blow of Zolfaqar wargames."

"This remarkable achievement, one of the most important of the defense industry in this Iranian calendar year, will add to Iran's defensive potential and concretize its deterrent principle," he said.

He said Iran now joins the few countries that possess guided missile technology.

The minister further expressed felicitations to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Seyed Ali Khamenei, the armed forces and Iranian nation, and lauded experts of the Iranian Defense Ministry for this great achievement.




Comment on this Article


NATO seeks reinforcements for Afghanistan

Last Updated Thu, 07 Sep 2006 07:45:28 EDT
CBC News

NATO's top commander urged member nations of the alliance on Wednesday to send reinforcements for the fight against the Taliban in southern Afghanistan.

Gen. James Jones said the next few weeks could decide the outcome of the fight against insurgents in the troubled country and that means the military organization needs more troops, helicopters and transport planes. Hundreds of additional troops would make a difference, he said.
Canadian troops are leading an operation west of Kandahar to oust the Taliban from an area where they have a stronghold. Fighting on the weekend claimed the lives of four Canadian soldiers on Sunday and a mistaken bombing by U.S. forces killed a fifth Canadian soldier on Monday.

"We are talking about modest reinforcements," Jones told reporters at a briefing at NATO's European military headquarters in Mons, Belgium, according to Reuters news agency.

Jones said the "level of intensity" of the Taliban attacks surprised NATO when it stepped up its campaign in southern Afghanistan in July and he acknowledged that NATO did not expect Taliban fighters to stand and fight instead of using their old tactics of hit-and-run attacks.

But Jones expressed confidence at the briefing that NATO troops would achieve their goals in the operation.

"In the relatively near future, certainly before the winter, we will see this decisive moment in the region turn in favour of the troops that represent the government," Jones said.

Jones is expected to meet generals from the 26 NATO member nations on Friday and Saturday in Warsaw, Poland. He said he is certain that the meeting will result in several hundred additional troops to support the operation.

"It will help us to reduce casualties and bring this to a successful conclusion in a short period of time," he said. Jones said the plan to is to "destroy" the Taliban resistance that is fighting the NATO operation before Taliban fighters return to the mountains for winter.

NATO troops including Canadians launched Operation Medusa, a massive anti-Taliban offensive into Afghanistan's volatile Panjwaii district on Sunday.

Canada has 2,200 troops in Afghanistan, with the majority stationed in Kandahar. Thirty-two Canadian soldiers have been killed in Afghanistan since Canada first sent troops there in early 2002.



Comment on this Article


Study highlights perils of Afghan service

Ian Sample
Thursday September 7, 2006
Guardian Unlimited

International forces in Afghanistan are embroiled in the deadliest military campaign since the Bush administration launched its "war on terror" in 2001, an analysis of casualties revealed today.

Attacks by Taliban insurgents have raised the fatality rate among Nato's 18,500-strong International Security Assistance Force (Isaf) to an average of five a week - more than twice the death rate coalition forces sustained during the battle for control of Iraq in 2003, the study found.
The figures put the conflict on a par with the nine-year Soviet war in Afghanistan more than 20 years ago.

Sheila Bird, vice-president of the Royal Statistical Society, argued that official Ministry of Defence casualty figures did not give a true picture of the risks troops faced because they failed to take into account the number of soldiers deployed in different campaigns.

In a detailed statistical analysis of casualty figures, Professor Bird calculated that Isaf forces in Afghanistan were being killed at a rate equivalent to 14 a year out of every 1,000 personnel; UK forces, based largely in Helmand province, were suffering more than 11 deaths for every 1,000.

During the invasion of Iraq, which lasted 43 days, the UK lost 33 troops out of 46,00 - a rate of six a year for every 1,000 personnel.

According to Prof Bird, the figures reveal the true risk facing British forces in the region. "Our forces are facing an extremely high threat, and that threat is twice that which they were facing in major combat in Iraq," she said. "It is only slightly lower than the fatality rate that the Russians encountered in Afghanistan 20 years ago."

She told New Scientist magazine: "The commentary we are getting from politicians about this conflict does not do justice to the threat our forces now face in Afghanistan."

The report found that the death rate for UK troops was 25 times the figure expected when they were not engaged in combat.

The findings follow the recent warning from General Sir Richard Dannatt, the new head of the British army, that his troops could only just cope with the demands placed on them, and the admission by defence officials that the military situation in Afghanistan was worse than military commanders had anticipated.

Eighteen British armed forces personnel have been killed in Afghanistan this week, including three who died yesterday in clashes with the Taliban in Helmand that left a further 12 troops wounded. One soldier was killed by a suicide bomber in Kabul on Monday, and 14 died in Saturday's crash of a Nimrod reconnaissance plane. Since August 1, 27 British personnel have been killed.

Nato's top commander of operations, General James Jones, acknowledged on Thursday that the alliance had been taken aback by the extent of violence in southern Afghanistan, and urged allies to provide reinforcements.



Comment on this Article


Iraq executes 27 "terrorists" in Baghdad

www.chinaview.cn 2006-09-07 14:30:35

BAGHDAD, Sept. 7 (Xinhua) -- The Iraqi government said it executed 27 "terrorists" in Baghdad after they were convicted of crimes against the Iraqis, the prime minister's media office said late Wednesday.


"The death penalty was carried out on 27 terrorists in Baghdad, and the criminals were executed after they were convicted in Iraqi courts of carrying out acts of murder and rape in several Iraq's provinces," the office said in a brief statement.

The death penalty, once abolished after the U.S.-led invasion in 2003, was reinstated by the Iraqi authorities.



Comment on this Article


Baghdad bombings mar Iraqi military power handover

by Dave Clark
AFP
September 7, 2006

BAGHDAD - Insurgents have killed at least 39 Iraqis as a wave of car bombings in the capital marked the day when the embattled Baghdad government began to take command of its own armed forces.

Meanwhile, as lawmakers debated a controversial law which could see the country divided into rival regions, gunmen kidnapped a nephew of parliament's hardline Sunni Arab speaker, who opposes the break-up.

Two more American soldiers also died, the US military said, bringing the week's coalition fatalities to 17.
The latest violence came as Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki signed an accord with US commander General George Casey to begin taking back control of Iraq's armed forces, which had hitherto come under US command.

The handover gave Maliki operational control of Iraq's fledgling air force and navy, and began the process of putting the army's 10 divisions under a newly-created joint headquarters, independent of US control.

"It's a great step and a great day in Iraqi history," Maliki said.

"The new Iraqi army is being built by the courage of its sons, who will dedicate their lives to protect their citizenry, and today the new Iraqi army has been rebuilt on values other than sectarianism," he added.

Nevertheless, Thursday's signing ceremony only marked the beginning of the handover process. The 8th Iraqi Army Division, stationed in Najaf, will come under Iraqi command, with two more divisions added every month afterwards.

"From today Iraqi military operations will be increasingly conceived and led by Iraqi forces. It marks a milestone in the relentless journey of Iraqi forces, a study in courage, perseverance and the values of Iraq," Casey said.

He added, however, that America's troops would not head home soon.

"We will continue to fight with you to protect the Iraqi people, wherever they are threatened," he said. "We still have a long way to go."

The ceremony had been scheduled to take place last Saturday, but was delayed amid wrangling on the Iraqi side over who should sign the accord with the Americans on behalf of the government.

Violence has continued to rage across the country, particularly in and around the capital, which is in the grip of a vicious turf war between rival Sunni and Shiite factions.

On Thursday, a suicide bomber ploughed his explosives-laden car into a police fuel depot in the town centre, killing at least 12 policemen, said interior ministry spokesman Brigadier General Abdul Karim Khalaf.

Further bomb and gun attacks around the country, including several more explosions in Baghdad, brought Thursday's death toll around Iraq to at least 39.

The fractious parliament was due to debate a bill proposed by Shiite lawmakers that would allow provinces to merge into autonomous regions, raising the spectre of an Iraq formally divided into Kurdish, Sunni and Shiite camps.

This idea is fiercely opposed by many Sunnis, who fear being marooned in Iraq's barren western and central regions while rival groups exploit Iraq's rich oil reserves, and the debate was already expected to be stormy.

Sunni lawmakers also submitted a rival bill, which was expected to water down autonomy provisions in favour of a stronger central government.

Political tensions were raised still further with the kidnapping of a nephew of the 275-member assembly's Sunni Islamist speaker Mahmud al-Mashhadani, a virulent opponent of US forces and of the concept of autonomous regions.

"Gunmen abducted Ahmed al-Mashhadani last night from the western Hurriyah neighbourhood," interior ministry spokesman Brigadier General Abdul Karim Khalaf told AFP.

"We are still investigating whether it is a political, a terrorist or a criminal act," he said.

On Wednesday, Iraqi authorities hanged 27 convicted "terrorists", in one of the biggest single-day tolls since the country reinstated the death penalty in September 2005 as a tool to curb the insurgency.

Khalaf said "most of them were Iraqis," but did not reveal how many foreign nationals had been executed.



Comment on this Article


Police State USA


Bush acknowledges secret CIA prisons for terror suspects

Last Updated Wed, 06 Sep 2006 16:03:22 EDT
CBC News

U.S. President George W. Bush has acknowledged for the first time that suspects accused of terrorism have been detained abroad in secret CIA prisons.

The official admission on Wednesday confirmed rumours and media reports that have stirred controversy for months, both in the United States and in countries accused of hosting the facilities.
Bush defended the secret prisons, saying the detainees had provided vital information that prevented further attacks in the years after al-Qaeda militants killed about 3,000 people in the United States on Sept. 11, 2001.

"The most important source of information on where the terrorists are hiding and what they are planning is the terrorists themselves," Bush said in a White House speech.

"It has been necessary to move these individuals to an environment where they can be held in secret, questioned by experts and, when appropriate, prosecuted for terrorist acts."

Suspects allegedly included al-Qaeda's No. 3

The president said the suspects, who have all been transferred to the U.S. naval prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, include:

* Khalid Sheik Mohammed, believed to be the No. 3 al-Qaeda leader before he was captured in Pakistan in 2003.
* Ramzi Binalshibh, accused of training to be one of the Sept. 11 militants who hijacked four planes.
* Abu Zubaydah, who was believed to be a link between al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden and many of the group's cells before he was captured in Pakistan in March 2002.

Detainees had 'unparalleled knowledge'

Media reports began surfacing in November 2005 that said the U.S. spy agency had been running a covert prison system that has been run for nearly four years in at least eight countries, including several democracies in Eastern Europe as well as Thailand and Afghanistan. The secret detention system was said to have been conceived in the first months after the Sept. 11 attacks.

The reports ignited great controversy in many countries, with the European Union warning its members that such prisons would be viewed as violations of the European Convention on Human Rights and various EU treaties.

On Wednesday, Bush defended the covert system, saying the security of the United States depended on its ability to learn what suspected terrorists know.

He described the detainees as dangerous men with "unparalleled knowledge" of militant networks and plans for new attacks.

Bush said the Central Intelligence Agency employed "alternative" procedures to extract information from the suspects. The president insisted those techniques complied with U.S. laws, the constitution and international treaty obligations.

He refused to describe the methods of interrogation used by CIA agents, saying it would give terrorists a tool to learn how to resist such questioning.

Bush said the procedures were "tough and safe and lawful and necessary."

Prisons blocked 2nd Al-Qaeda attack: Bush

The president also alleged that without the secret prisons, al-Qaeda would have succeeded in launching another attack against the Americans.

Although he said he couldn't provide details, Bush said some of the alleged plots included attacks in the United States "probably using airplanes."

He said another plot involved attacks on buildings in his country.

The suspects also provided information on al-Qaeda's efforts to obtain biological weapons, he said.

Bush said he was acknowledging the program now because the CIA and military have finished questioning the suspects and are ready to prosecute them in military tribunals.



Comment on this Article


Pentagon Spends Billions to Outsource Torture

AlterNet
September 7, 2006

The thousands of mercenary security contractors employed in the Bush administration's "War on Terror" are billed to American taxpayers, but they've handed Osama Bin Laden his greatest victories -- public relations coups that have transformed him from just another face in a crowd of radical clerics to a hero of millions in the global South (posters of Bin Laden have been spotted in largely Catholic Latin America during protests against George W. Bush).

The internet hums with viral videos of British contractors opening fire on civilian vehicles in Iraq as part of a bloody game, stories about CIA contractors killing prisoners in Afghanistan, veterans of Apartheid-era South African and Latin American death squads discovered among contractors' staffs and notoriously shady Russian arms dealers working for occupation authorities. One Special Forces operator told Amnesty International that some contractors are in it just because they "really want to kill somebody and they can do it easier there ... [not] everybody is like that, but a dangerously high element."


While most experts believe that Al Qaeda no longer has the ability to mount the kind of sophisticated attacks that brought it so much notoriety in the first place, its media operations are stronger than ever. From their caves -- or wherever they are holed up -- Bin Laden and his henchmen claim that the "War on Terror" is just a thin cover for a U.S.-led war on Islam. Rightly or wrongly, these incidents prove his point to millions of people around the world.

Osama Bin Laden's greatest victories in the crucial media war have been the series of prisoner abuse scandals at Guantanamo Bay, Bagram airbase in Afghanistan and a number of detention centers across Iraq, the most infamous of which is Saddam Hussein's former torture complex at Abu Ghraib.

According to a report by Corpwatch, what ties these facilities together are the abundance of private contractors involved in their operations. The Taguba Report (PDF) named four private contractors in the Abu Ghraib scandal. Steven Stephanowicz, an investigator for CACI, a multinational with extensive government contracts (92 percent of which are in defense), encouraged MPs under his command to terrorize inmates, and "clearly knew his instructions equated to physical abuse."

Another interrogator at Abu Ghraib was John Israel, who, according to the Taguba Report, didn't even have a security clearance, and should never have been hired for an operation as sensitive as prisoner interrogation in the first place. It's not clear whether Israel worked for CACI or a competitor, Titan Corp. (a target of numerous federal investigations for its work in Iraq and elsewhere), but Titan denies it ever provided interrogators to Abu Ghraib. Another un-named private contractor at Abu Ghraib allegedly raped a teenage boy in his custody.

According to Amnesty, half of the interrogators at Abu Ghraib were private contractors -- about 30 in all. Torin Nelson was a military intelligence officer at Gitmo before becoming a CACI interrogator at Abu Ghraib. After the scandal broke, Nelson resigned and charged the military with scapegoating a handful of low-level soldiers -- the only people who have been brought to trial for the abuses -- to "divert attention away from ingrained problems in the military detention and interrogation system." He said: "The problem with outsourcing intelligence work is the limit of oversight and control by the military administrators over the independent contractors."

CACI's contract to provide interrogators for Abu Ghraib stunningly didn't require the personnel to have had any training whatsoever in military interrogation techniques. According to a report by the Army inspector general, 11 of the 31 CACI interrogators had no training in what most experts agree is one of the most difficult and sensitive areas of intelligence gathering. CACI has become a major player in the private intelligence business in recent years, but its core competence is in information technology, not the incredibly delicate process of prisoner interrogation. They filled the contract like any other order -- with warm bodies that could be listed on an invoice.

"It's insanity," former CIA agent Robert Baer told The Guardian. "These are rank amateurs, and there is no legally binding law on these guys as far as I could tell. Why did they let them in the prison?"

Abu Ghraib was a perfect storm, destined to result in torture and murder. The Department of Justice was redefining torture to be "equivalent in intensity to the pain accompanying serious physical injury, such as organ failure," 90 percent of U.S. troops believed they were in Iraq for "retaliation for Saddam's role in 9/11" and, according to the Army, brigade leaders "failed to supervise or provide direct oversight, to properly discipline their soldiers ... and to provide continued mission-specific training." The results were those all-too-familiar images of grinning soldiers posed next to brutalized corpses on ice, stacks of naked prisoners, hooded prisoners in "stress positions" trussed in electrical cords and all the rest. The only winners -- beside Al Qaeda recruiters -- were CACI's shareholders -- its invoices were duly processed.

Amnesty notes that contractors "neither fall under the Military Code of Justice, nor are they answerable to Iraqi law, having been specifically excluded under a decree issued by Paul Bremer, the head of the U.S.-run administration in Iraq." Theoretically, a recent law, the Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act, could be used to prosecute contractors, but the administration has not tried it out yet. According to the Legal Times, it's "narrowly crafted and ... may not cover some of the abuses -- and abusers -- involved in the torture of Iraqi detainees at U.S.-run prisons." It doesn't cover intelligence contractors working for the CIA.

That may be the whole point; critics have argued that one reason the United States has employed so many contractors to handle prisoners is to shield members of the military high command and their civilian leadership from culpability for war crimes or other violations of international and domestic laws.

Fyodor Dostoyevsky said that you can tell what a nation is like by the way it treats its prisoners, and by that measure the United States has not exactly been a beacon of light for the world. But what does the fact that we outsource these crimes to big, faceless transnational corporations say about us?

CACI, for California Analysis Center, Inc. (also known as Colonels and Captains), is among the top 10 information providers in the Fortune 500. The company was founded in 1962 as a computer-engineering firm, and later moved into network management for federal, state, and local governments. The company claims that, since Abu Ghraib, it no longer is in the interrogation business, but it remains a major intelligence contractor. Corporate spying has become a booming business -- it's estimated that half of the $46 billion classified intelligence budget is handled by the private sector, including everything from intelligence analysis to managing spy satellites.

To understanding how a company that started out as a dull computer business ended up implicated in torture scandals, one has to go back to the 1980s and 1990s.

In 1983, then-White House budget director David Stockman -- a dedicated supply-sider best known for his recommendation that the Department of Education reclassify ketchup as a vegetable -- issued a directive calling on government to rely only on "commercial sources to supply the products and services the government needs." Two years later, the military created the Logistics Civilian Augmentation Program, LOGCAP, to transfer its logistics functions to the private sector. But the military was slow to implement it in a significant way at first.

Following the Cold War, a convergence of ideological imperatives broke the military's resistance. With the decline of the Soviet Union, there was little reason to continue military spending at the same clip as the United States had done during the previous four decades. However, Ronald Reagan had largely rehabilitated American militarism after it had taken a public hit during Vietnam, and after the Soviets' fall, Washington's strategic class was intoxicated with American hard power.

At the same time, both parties had embraced -- to varying degrees -- a pronounced antipathy towards government, another piece of the Reagan legacy (these were the years following Walter Mondale's crushing defeat at Reagan's hands that gave rise to the Democratic Leadership Council). The goals of downsizing the military, maintaining U.S. firepower and privatizing many of its functions led to military "modernization" -- much of which meant outsourcing to the private sector.

That task, under the first George Bush, fell to then-Defense Secretary Dick Cheney, who fought a tough battle against the military leadership to eliminate billions of dollars in pet defense projects. Cheney hired Kellogg Brown & Root -- a subsidiary of Halliburton -- to write a classified report detailing how private companies could help support the military in hot spots around the world. Not long after, the Pentagon awarded the first comprehensive five-year LOGCAP contract to none other than Kellogg Brown & Root

The 1992 election brought two of the founding members of the DLC to the White House, and the privatization of defense functions accelerated at a dizzying rate.

Al Gore was tasked with "reinventing government," and he took to it with gusto, attacking a federal government that he called "bloated, inefficient and wasteful." He headed Clinton's National Performance Review (NPR), which was charged with instituting "revolutionary" changes in the way government works and identifying jobs that the government "should simply stop doing."

Writing in the New York Times, Dan Baum explained that Cheney, who became CEO of Halliburton in 1995, got a huge lift under Clinton:

A lot of Halliburton's business depends on foreign customers getting loans from U.S. banks, which are in turn guaranteed by the government's trade-promoting Export-Import Bank. In the five years before Cheney took the helm, the Ex-Im Bank guaranteed $100 million in loans so foreign customers could buy Halliburton's services; during Cheney's five years as C.E.O., that figure jumped to $1.5 billion.

The intelligence community was a laggard, for obvious reasons. But following the attacks of Sept. 11, lawmakers were itching to pour tens of billions of new dollars into intelligence and didn't have the personnel to do it. Firms like CACI were simply at the right place at the right time. They had well-established revolving doors to the defense and intelligence communities -- the hawkish former undersecretary of state Richard Armitage once sat on CACI's board, and Barbara A McNamara, former deputy director of the NSA, continues to do so -- and they hired thousands of former intelligence officials at premium prices to fill a host of new contracts.

John Gannon, a former CIA deputy director for intelligence and now head of BAE Systems' Global Analysis Group, told journalist Sebastian Abbot that an intelligence contractor "is going to look at a government requirement, and it's going to go and find people wherever it can and get the greatest number of people at the lowest price and maximizing the profit to the business to do it." "When I was in government hiring people," he continued, "I was looking for the best possible people I could get ... [but] that is not what the private sector does." Gannon warned that these companies "are not looking to be right or looking to ensure that they are getting access to the best information and expertise; they are looking to please a customer at the lowest common denominator." It's as clear a case of ideology and cronyism trumping common sense as one could find.





Comment on this Article


CIA used Portuguese airfield for flights to Guantanamo: repor

AFP
Wed Sep 6, 2006

LISBON - The CIA carried out three direct flights between Portugal's Azores archipelago and the US detention camp at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba where Washington holds terrorism suspects, daily newspaper Diario Economico reported.

Two flights between the mid-Atlantic island of Santa Maria and the camp took place in July 2004 while another took place in November 2003, the paper said, citing records from Europe's central air traffic control authority Eurocontrol.

Another 18 suspected CIA flights, which may have carried terrorism suspects, touched down on Portuguese airfields between 2002 and 2005 on the way to various destinations including Libya, Morocco and Bosnia, it said.
The flights were not registered with Portugal's civil aviation authority INAC, the newspaper reported.

Foreign Minister Luis Amado refused to comment directly on the report, saying only that Lisbon would continue to cooperate with a European Parliament investigation into the alleged use by the CIA of European airfields as part of a covert program to transport terror suspects.

"I will continue to work to clarify the truth of this matter," he told reporters after appearing before a closed-door parliamentary commission discussing the allegations that CIA planes made secret stopovers in Portugal.

His predecessor Diogo Freitas do Amaral, who resigned for health reasons in July, had denied any knowledge of CIA flights passing through Portugal.

Portugal is one of several European countries under investigation by the European Parliament over suspicions that the US intelligence agency transported detainees through their territory without proper authorization.

Human rights groups accuse the US government of practising "extraordinary rendition": the sending of suspected terrorists to foreign countries where they are detained, interrogated and possibly subjected to ill-treatment.



Comment on this Article


Gitmo Tribunals May Resume in Early '07

AP
Sep 06, 2006

Military tribunals could resume at Guantanamo Bay as soon as early 2007 if Congress approves new legislation to try the detainees, the military's chief prosecutor for detainees at the base said Wednesday.

The Department of Defense would have three months after the passage of the legislation to come up with new rules for the tribunals, which were struck down by the Supreme Court in June, Air Force Col. Morris Davis, told The Associated Press.

"I'm expecting we will be back in court around the first of the year," the chief prosecutor said in an interview from his office in Arlington, Va.




Comment on this Article


New Yorkers need to be ready to evacuate: experts

By Michelle Nichols
Reuters
Sep 6, 2006

NEW YORK - New Yorkers are growing complacent about safety and evacuation planning and training is the key to the city combating another September 11-style attack or natural disaster, experts said on Wednesday.

Ahead of the fifth anniversary of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center, Edward Galea, fire safety engineering director at Britain's University of Greenwich, said drills were needed to ensure people acted quickly in a real emergency.

"You need to rehearse, you need to rehearse and you need to rehearse," Galea told Pace University's "Aftershock: Rethinking the Future since September 11, 2001" conference.
"You don't want people in an emergency situation, a life or death situation, to do something for the first time -- that's a recipe for disaster," said Galea, who is heading a study of the World Trade Center evacuation after the September 11 attacks.

A separate study released on Wednesday of the Twin Towers evacuation by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that more than 80 percent of evacuees said they had never received evacuation plans.

The study surveyed 1,444 people who evacuated from the World Trade Center buildings on September 11 and found that 94 percent had never exited the building as part of a drill and 70 percent did not know where the emergency exits were.

Galea said New Yorkers were again becoming more complacent about safety, citing discussions he had with financial traders who had survived September 11 but did not know where the emergency exits were in their new building.

He also expressed fears about the ability to evacuate New York's subway system if the city experienced an attack similar to the July 7, 2005, bombings of the London transport system, which killed 52 people and injured 700.

"I traveled a lot in New York on your underground, your subway system, and it scares the living daylights out of me," Galea said.

Michael Emmerman, director of the U.S.-based, non-profit disaster preparedness Special Operations Support Group, told the Pace University conference that New York also needed to be ready for natural disasters.

He said authorities have spent the past two years preparing a plan that would allow hundreds of thousands of people to be evacuated if the city was hit by a hurricane.

He said if deadly Hurricane Isabel, which caused billions of dollars worth of damage when it hit the eastern seaboard in 2003, had turned one degree north then a storm surge would have flooded lower Manhattan, Long Island, Staten Island and Brooklyn.

"And we didn't have an evacuation plan," Emmerman said.



Comment on this Article


Chicago Plans Voluntary Evacuation Drill Downtown

CBS2Chicago.com
Sep 5, 2006

(AP) CHICAGO - City officials Tuesday announced the streets that will be affected during a voluntary evacuation drill for a section of downtown in order to better prepare city officials and residents in the event of a major emergency.

Mayor Richard Daley said the drill, which is scheduled to take place Thursday, is part of events and exercises the city has scheduled in conjunction with September being designated National Preparedness Month by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
City officials confirmed that starting at 9:30 a.m., Des Plaines Street will be closed between Madison and Adams Streets. The eastbound lanes of Madison -- from Halsted Street to Des Plaines -- will be closed, along with the Kennedy Expressway exit ramps at Monroe Street and Madison.

At 3:30 p.m., Wacker Drive between Madison and Adams Streets, and Monroe Street between Franklin and Halsted Streets will both be closed.

Two southbound bus routes -- the Number 121 and 123 -- will be rerouted during the day.

The streets are expected to reopen by about 7:00 p.m.

An e-mail addressed to tenants in one of the affected buildings and obtained by The Associated Press last week indicated the drill involves four properties located at the intersection of Monroe Street and Wacker Drive, including the building in which the Chicago Mercantile Exchange is located.

The note from Equity Office Properties Trust, a building owner and manager, said tenants can choose to participate or not in the drill, scheduled for 4 p.m.

Because the focus of the exercise is to assess how an evacuation would be handled at street level, participating employees will be able to use elevators to evacuate their buildings.

But once they reach ground level, the participants will be asked to follow the instructions of "emergency teams" routing them to an assessment area on Des Plaines Avenue -- about five blocks to the west.

After participants check in at that area, they can either return to work or head home, according to the Equity Office e-mail.

Equity Office confirmed one of their properties -- located on Wacker Drive between Monroe Street and Madison Avenue -- is included in the targeted evacuation area, but referred all other questions to property manager Cindy Schulz, who was out of the office Monday.

Daley's news conference was held in conjunction with Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., who discussed his proposal to allow cities and states to access additional federal grants for evacuation planning and exercises.

Durbin said he included the language in the Senate's version of a post-Katrina emergency preparedness bill.

In additional to the voluntary evacuation drill, Daley said other city efforts planned for September include presentations at senior centers and schools along with public service announcements concerning emergency preparedness.

"As we've seen time and again, people have a much greater chance of escaping death or serious injury when they're prepared for a disaster. Our police and fire departments do a great job, but they can't be everywhere at once," he said. "You have to look out for yourselves, your family and of course your loved ones."

Cortez Trotter, chief emergency officer for Chicago, said the exercise will be recorded and placed on DVD for future training.

He said he hopes one of the messages that results from the drill will be that once participants reach ground level, they must listen to emergency officials for directions because in the event of a real emergency, pre-arranged emergency routes could be impracticable or even dangerous.

It was not immediately clear how many employees work in the properties in the area targeted for evacuation, but the buildings are high-rises.



Comment on this Article


The myth of fair elections in America

Paul Harris
Thursday September 7, 2006
Observer.co.uk


The debacle surrounding the Republican victory in 2000 demonstrated to the world that America's electoral process is wide open to abuse. But as Paul Harris discovers, the system has actually worsened since then

One person, one vote. Count the totals. The one with the most wins. The beauty of democracy is its simplicity and its inherent fairness. It equalises everyone, even as it empowers everyone. What could go wrong? In America, it turns out, quite a lot.
Everyone remembers the debacle in Florida, 2000. The recounts, the law suits and the eventual deciding of a presidential election - not by the voters - but by the Supreme Court. The memory still causes a collective shudder to America's body politic.

Which makes the fact that America's system of voting is now even more suspect, more complicated, and more open to abuse than ever before so utterly shocking. Across the country a bewildering series of scandals or dubious practises are proliferating beyond control. The prospect of a 'second Florida' is now more likely not less. There are many - and not all of them are conspiracy theorists - who believed it may have happened in Ohio in 2004.

This week the venerable New York Times was the latest of many organisations and institutions to declare that America's democratic system is simply starting to fail. Not in terms of its democratic ideals, or some takeover by a Neocon cabal, but by a simple collapse in its ability to count everyone's votes accurately and fairly.

Comment: And are we to believe that this breakdown just occured due to some natural process? The "aging" of the democratic system? That there was no conscious force behind it? Apparently!


The Times is editorialising on a shocking government report into electoral rules in Ohio's biggest county, Cuyahoga, which contains the city of Cleveland. It details a litany of errors and a large discrepancy between the paper record of a ballot and the result recorded by the new Diebold electronic voting machines the county has just installed. It also worried that 31 per cent of black people were asked for identification as they voted compared to 18 per cent of other voters. '[The] report should be a wake-up call to states and counties nationwide,' the paper thundered.

But Ohio is far from isolated. The problem is simply that America has no national standard for tallying the votes in its elections. Apart from a few federal mandates to safeguard broad constitutional rights, it is left up to local officials to sort out the details on the ground. This means in one state a machine might be used. In others a simple paper ballot and a pen. Or it varies from county to county. In one small town a touch screen machine might be on hand, a few miles away other voters might use a punch ballot and in the next county after that you might use a pen. Or pull a lever. Or countless other complex ways to do what should be so, so simple. It also means in one place there is a solid (paper) record of a vote that can be recounted, while in others, it is all down to famously fallible machines and their electronic memories.

In some places you can't vote if you have a prison record. In others, you can. In some states you need identification to vote. In others you don't. In some a drivers' licence will be enough, in others it won't. All this is fundamentally a violation of the basic genius of democracy: it should be simple and uniform. In America that is simply not true.

Comment: And is it a coincidence that the problems seem to occur in districts with a high percentage of black voters? Did that just happen randomly?


Then there is another layer of trouble. Because elections are organised locally they are often run and controlled by state office holders or county level election supervisors. Often these officials are nakedly partisan and all too willing to use the power of that office to favour one party over another. Their county or state is, after all, their patch of turf and they seek to protect it for their side.

Then you add a large dose of dirty tricks that are again all too common at a local level in US politics. Forget Ohio or Florida. Just look at Milwaukee where mysterious fliers appeared in 2004 in a black neighbourhood informing residents that all felons and their relatives - even those guilty of traffic violations - could not vote. Or an election in New Hampshire in 2002 where senior state Republicans hired a firm to jam the Democrats phone bank system. Three people are now in jail due to that little escapade. Similar examples of other abuses can be found all over the country.

Now I am not a conspiracy theorist. I don't believe that there is a cunning secret plan, set out in detail beforehand and then masterfully carried out to deliberately steal presidential elections. In fact, you don't actually need a shadowy plot to get much the same effect.

There is little doubt that at a grassroots level America's election is in disarray and being abused. And at a time of narrow election victories where presidential races come down to a single state (Florida in 2000 and Ohio in 2004) a microscope is instantly cast on that state's electoral practises. And lo, they are found wanting. Or open to fraud. Or being abused. Or local groups (from both sides) are going hell for leather to keep the other side from the polls. This is not because this is being planned out of Washington and targeted into those key states. It is because it is actually happening all over the country. We just notice because it has come down to the wire at that particular state.

You don't need to be a conspiracy theorist to be seriously worried about this state of affairs. In many ways, it is more worrying that the system is not being deliberately stolen from on high. It is actually broken from the ground up.



Comment on this Article


Government Terror Alerts Aid Terrorist Goals, Study Finds

SF Chronicle
07/09/2006

Intense media scrutiny and politicians' rhetoric heighten sense of fear, researchers say.

With the fifth anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks fast approaching, President Bush took to the podium Tuesday to speak to Americans about his administration's global war on terror.

Three things can be expected from Bush's speech, according to a new study by three Columbia University researchers: The media will repeat the president's remarks. Public fear of terrorism will increase. And the president's poll numbers will rise.

Those have been the effects of presidential pronouncements on terrorism since the Sept. 11 attacks, according to political scientists Brigitte Nacos, Yaeli Bloch-Elkon and Robert Shapiro, in a report prepared for this month's annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.

"These are interesting findings, and confirm what many of us had suspected," said Mark Juergensmeyer, director of Global and International Studies at UC Santa Barbara, who reviewed the research at the request of The Chronicle.

"This public panic benefits the terrorists whose work is made easier by an overactive government response that magnifies their efforts. In an odd way this puts the government and the terrorists in league with one another," he said. "The main loser, alas, is the terrified public."

The Columbia researchers looked at past scholarship on the subject and a new review of terror threats, official warnings and the coverage of both by the mass media since 2001, seeking to close what Nacos called a gap in research of how terrorists try to achieve their goals of fomenting fear, not only through attack but by threatening attack.

"The real new thing here is the mere threat, heavily mass mediated, achieves at least part of what actual terrorism achieves," Nacos said. "(Terrorists) want to intimidate, they want to spread fear and anxiety, and they want to take influence through the public on government officials."
Much of the Columbia team's research focused on the press -- especially the television media -- and how it reacted to threats of terrorism.

"Any actual threat message -- a tape by bin Laden or al-Zawahiri or an alert -- results in a great deal of messages in the media," Nacos said. "People comment on it, they analyze it ... the administration, experts in the field, including myself."

That approach magnifies the sense of threat by repetition, Nacos said. And while increases in terror alerts always made the top of the news on the three major networks, decreases tended to be buried and far less time was devoted to them -- 1 minute, 34 seconds on average for a national alert being lowered, compared with 5 minutes, 20 seconds when the alert was raised.

"The threat alone brings them a great deal of media coverage, and the public takes notice -- we've shown that the threat perception by the public increases," Nacos said.

Officials in government and law enforcement also can have an effect on the public's perception of terror risk when their statements are magnified by the media.

In February 2003, for example, the percentage of people saying they were very worried about a terror attack "soon" stood at 18 percent. One month later, after the alert had been raised and lowered, it stood at 34 percent.

The official with the greatest ability to shift opinion on terrorism, the researchers found, is Bush, whose statements in the media about terrorism correlated highly with increases in the public's perception of terrorism as a major national problem -- and with increases in his approval ratings.

At the beginning of July 2002, for example, approval of the president's handling of terrorism was around 79 percent. After television coverage of one statement by Bush and seven public statements by administration officials about the terrorist threat, the president's rating rose to 83 percent.

In June 2004, approval for the president's handling of terrorism had fallen to 50 percent. One month later, after an increase in television coverage of Bush's comments on terrorism, that number had risen to 57 percent.

It's not clear that Bush, whose ratings have slipped to about 40 percent in national polls, will receive a bounce from his most recent remarks on terrorism, Nacos said -- past research suggests that such a bounce is more likely to come to presidents flying high in the polls than presidents with numbers in the doldrums. But the past pattern is clear.

"To me this is the most novel and interesting of the findings," said Larry Beutler, director of the National Center on the Psychology of Terrorism in Palo Alto, who reviewed the Columbia team's research. "There are findings suggesting that the administration's use of the alert system increased inordinately before the election and each time it did, Bush's numbers went up about 5 percent."

The research is also a "damning indictment of the media's bloodlust," said Matthew T. Felling, media director for the Center for Media and Public Affairs in Washington, D.C., who also reviewed the Columbia research.

"When you have media organs viewing fear-mongering as a payday, senior politicians seeing fear-mongering as sound political strategy, and terrorists considering fear-mongering as a victory unto itself, where are citizens expected to find a voice of reason?"

The Columbia study does not conclude the White House intentionally used terror alerts to influence the president's popularity.

But it is unlikely the White House is ignorant of the effect, said Nacos, who added that former Homeland Security chief Tom Ridge has complained publicly that he was sometimes pushed to raise the threat level on the basis of flimsy intelligence.

"Our data only shows these connections exist, these correlations exist," she said. "If anything, it should alert political players to be very careful with this."

For starters, Nacos said, politicians could reconsider when and how they warn the public of terror threats, especially when that warning is vague, and stop responding to bin Laden tapes, as many have in the past. "They magnify the role of this guy," she said. "They help him to be a world figure."

The press, too, could be more reflective in its coverage of terror threats, Nacos said, avoiding the kind of continuous coverage without new details that typified, for example, the recent arrest in the JonBenet Ramsey case.

"I really think that all of these actors have to think of what they're doing," she said. "Nobody means to do this, but one has to think about what they're doing."

Comment: So who are the terrorists??

Comment on this Article


One Happy (and Free) Island

Ken Bank
September 6, 2006
Strike The Root

As Strike The Root celebrated its fifth anniversary, I was in Aruba with my wife and kids taking advantage of some of the liberties denied to me in the so-called "Land of the Free." From the moment our plane landed in Aruba, to the time one week later when we began the ordeal of US Customs pre-clearance and threw ourselves at the mercy of the Department of Homeland Security and Transportation Security Administration, I can appreciate more the spirit of individual liberty expressed in the articles and essays on STR.

One of the first things I noticed on my trip was how much easier it is to get into Aruba than it is to get out of the United States. Before our plane left from Newark, it took almost two hours to check our bags and get through security. Even at the departure gate, we had to endure another security check, and guard dogs were sniffing around for bags containing cash that might be used to buy drugs.
When we arrived in Aruba, the atmosphere at the airport was completely different from what we had left. It took about three minutes to get through immigration; the lady at the desk simply smiled and asked how long we were staying (I guess they want to make sure their "one happy island" doesn't sink under the weight of too many fat American tourists). Customs was a joke; after we got our bags, we went to a designated area for inspection, but it was closed off and the two "inspectors" who were there just smiled and waved us through without opening anything.

At our hotel, a surprise greeted us in the room: an ashtray! We got an even bigger surprise when we went to a restaurant: another ashtray! Yes, smoking is permitted in Aruba, even in hotels and restaurants. In the People's Republic of New Jersey (where I live), smoking is prohibited in all public places and accommodations, including bars. It seems people in Aruba can deal with each other's vices without resorting to the coercive authority of the "nanny state." Just as remarkable is that most people--tourists and natives--don't smoke anyway. I didn't go to one restaurant where I saw anybody smoking at their table. Maybe because in a truly civilized society, people rely on good manners and mutual consideration rather than calling for bullies with a badge. For those who do enjoy an occasional smoke (like myself), Aruba offers freedom of choice not available to Americans at home: Cuban cigars. Every night I could sit on my balcony and savor the smell of superior craftsmanship which is denied to cigar aficionados by the anti-Castro lobby and their neo-nut conservative allies in Congress and the Bush Regime.

At home, I can't drive more than a few blocks without seeing a cop car; it's nice to see how my tax dollars are being wasted. In Aruba, I did not see one government thug (aside from the two smiling customs inspectors who waved us through the airport). However, there were plenty of uniforms which belong to private guards, usually designated "Loss Prevention" or "Security." With so much dependent on the tourist trade, businesses in Aruba make sure to provide a reasonable amount of protection to persons and property without becoming intrusive. Which leads to the infamous case of the missing Alabama party girl, Natalee Holloway. Personally, I could not stomach the TV coverage and talking heads speculating about her disappearance any more than the obsessive, nonstop media hype surrounding JonBenet. The condescending attitude towards Aruba by grandstanding analysts and commentators gave true meaning to the term "Ugly American." This was exemplified by the Governor of Alabama, a state notorious for its own unsolved hate crimes against African-Americans, calling for a tourist boycott of Aruba. What he and the media clowns don't seem to comprehend is that Aruba does not depend on a police state apparatus. They don't need one; their crime rate is much lower than the US, and violent crime is practically nonexistent. Americans fulminating against Aruban authorities are like alcoholics castigating potheads for using drugs.

As we went through US customs and immigration pre-clearance while still in Aruba, I began to feel uneasy, as if I was entering a prison. That feeling remained when we landed at Newark Airport, even though we had already been "cleared." After spending one week in Aruba, I appreciate the advantages of being in a country that is not at war with anybody, that minds its own business, and whose government does not promote an environment of mistrust and fear of other people. I also enjoy being in a place where I can pretty much do what I want (like smoking Cuban cigars), where I want so long as I don't interfere with someone else's enjoyment. If there is a conflict, people in Aruba generally resolve their differences between themselves, without resort to coercive force. This would be a valuable lesson for all Americans who visit Aruba to take home with them (along with the Aruban aloe but not the Cuban cigars).




Comment on this Article


Danger, Will Robinson!


France rejects "war on terror"

Reuters
September 7, 2006

PARIS - France issued an implicit criticism of U.S. foreign policy on Thursday, rejecting talk of a "war on terror."

Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin, speaking in parliament, expressed these views on global terrorism, while
President Jacques Chirac backed France's claims to the international front rank with a fresh defense of his country's nuclear arsenal.

Villepin noted Chirac's strong opposition to the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 and said the Arab state had now sunk into violence and was feeding new regional crises.

"Let us not forget that these crises play into the hands of all extremists," the prime minister said in a debate on the Middle East. "We can see this with terrorism, whether it tries to strike inside or outside our frontiers," he added.
"Against terrorism, what's needed is not a war. It is, as France has done for many years, a determined fight based on vigilance at all times and effective cooperation with our partners."

"But we will only end this curse if we also fight against injustice, violence and these crises," he said.

Villepin's remarks, which came a day after U.S. President
George Bush admitted that the CIA had interrogated dozens of terrorism suspects in secret foreign locations, did not explicitly mention the United States.

But his rejection of language employed by Bush, who often uses the expression "war on terror" underlined the longstanding differences between Paris and Washington.

In separate remarks, Chirac stressed that France was committed to maintaining a nuclear arsenal of its own.

"In an uncertain world, facing constantly evolving threats, nuclear dissuasion guarantees our vital interests," Chirac said on a visit to France's Atomic Energy Commission nuclear simulation facility at Bruyeres-le-Chatel near Paris.

He stressed that France was committed to funding continuing research and development into nuclear weapons technology.

"There can be no great ambition without adequate means, that's clear," he said. "The position of countries is never guaranteed. In the 21st century, only those which make science a genuine priority will stay ahead."

Both France and the United States have played down splits opened by the Iraq war, pointing especially to cooperation on attempts by the West to contain Iran's nuclear ambitions.

But differences in tone and style have often resurfaced, notably during the Lebanon crisis, where France initially offered to send just 400 peacekeepers to Lebanon despite vigorously backing calls for an international force.

Villepin's speech in parliament made much of France's leading role in securing a peace agreement in Lebanon backed by the United Nations, which he said had shown the virtues of "listening and dialogue."

"It is the duty of France and Europe to show that the clash of civilizations is not inevitable," he said. "No one retains this wisdom, inherited from our history, as we, French and Europeans, do," he said.



Comment on this Article


France relaxes controls on flights to Britain

PARIS, Sept 5, 2006 (AFP)

France has lifted the tighter controls on flights to Britain imposed after British authorities said they had foiled an alleged terrorist attack last month, a French government official said Tuesday.
Passengers will now be allowed to carry liquids and gels on board planes bound for Britain, though these remain banned on flights to the United States and Israel, according to the official, who declined to be named.

Travellers to Britain would no longer be systematically frisked, though all of their bags would still be manually searched, the official said.



Comment on this Article


Musharraf denies govt involvement in attacks

07/09/2006 - 10:25:02

Pakistan President Gen Pervez Musharraf today acknowledged al-Qaida and Taliban militants were crossing from Pakistan to launch attacks inside Afghanistan, but denied Pakistan's powerful military intelligence agency was helping them.

"You blame us for what is happening in Afghanistan," Musharraf said in an address to Afghan government and army officials and politicians at the Foreign Ministry in Kabul.
"Let me say neither the government of Pakistan nor ISI (Directorate of Inter-Services Intelligence) is involved in any kind of interference inside Afghanistan."

Musharraf's speech, also attended by Afghan President Hamid Karzai, came a day after the two leaders resolved to cooperate to fight the "common enemy" of terrorism and extremism.



Comment on this Article


Sudan violence escalates as Darfur deadline nears

Last Updated Wed, 06 Sep 2006 22:59:29 EDT
CBC News

While the Sudanese government faced criticism Wednesday for a decision to reject UN peacekeepers in war-torn Darfur, it was also confronted by protesters in the capital.

Protesters descended on Khartoum in response to a spike in prices for basic goods including sugar. Government security forces responded with force, firing tear gas at the demonstrators.
President Omar Hassan al-Bashir's government on Tuesday refused a plan for a UN peacekeeping force of about 20,000 troops in Darfur, calling any Western action in the area "a colonialist conspiracy."

An African Union force of about 7,000 strong is scheduled to withdraw from the region by Sept. 30.

UN humanitarian envoy Jan Egeland has said a "man-made catastrophe of an unprecedented scale" looms in Darfur without a security presence.

An estimated 200,000 people - mostly black Sudanese - have been killed in Darfur in the last three years, and another 2.5 million displaced to squalid refugee camps due to the conflict between government-backed Janjaweed forces and militant Muslim groups.

Accusations of genocide

Mark Hanis of the Genocide Intervention Network said there were good reasons from the government's point of view to spurn the international community.

"They're worried that the peacekeeping force is going to protect the Darfurian people that they're trying to eliminate in this genocide; and the second reason is they're afraid they're going to be held accountable and possibly sentenced in the international criminal courts," Hanis said.

Fighting in Darfur has spilled over to neighbouring Chad, according to CBC reporter David McGuffin and the instability is of critical importance in northeastern Africa, where nine countries share a border with Sudan.

McGuffin and his cameraman were attacked Wednesday when they returned to their Khartoum hotel.

The reporter said two truckloads of plainclothes policeman descended on the hotel and demanded the camera equipment, even after they produced their government-issued filming permits.

McGuffin was restrained while the cameraman was punched and thrown into one of the vehicles.

Cameraman bloodied in attack

He said it was only after hotel security staff became involved that the two men were released. The cameraman was bloodied and required medical attention at a local hospital.

"It's a good indication of just the level of violence and insecurity in this city," McGuffin reported.

The incident came on the same day that the decapitated body of kidnapped journalist Mohammed Taha was found on the outskirts of Khartoum.

Taha, kidnapped on Tuesday, had worked for Sudan's al-Wesaq newspaper and had been condemned by Islamic radicals, despite being acquitted of charges of insulting the Prophet Mohammad.

The killing of Taha is just one of a number of recent attacks on civilians. A local nurse was slain last week, while at least a dozen aid workers have been killed since May.



Comment on this Article


Russian nuclear submarine catches fire, killing 2

www.chinaview.cn 2006-09-07 13:52:55

MOSCOW, Sept. 7 (Xinhua) -- Two servicemen were killed and one injured in a fire onboard a Russian nuclear submarine late Wednesday, Russian news agencies reported on Thursday quoting navy officials.

The fire aboard the Daniil Moskovsky submarine of the Russian Northern Fleet were put out at midnight and there is no threat of a radiation leak, a Northern Fleet spokesman said.
A warrant officer and a sailor died, likely from carbon monoxide poisoning, in the incident. Another sailor, who was helping evacuate people from the vessel, was injured.

The fire broke out during a planned mission in the Barents Sea as a result of short circuit in the power supply system in one of the bow compartments, and the submarine has been towed back to its base in Vidyayevo, the Interfax and Itar-Tass news agencies reported.

"The emergency shutdown system of the nuclear propulsion plant was activated," the spokesman was quoted by Interfax as saying.

Navy Commander Admiral Vladimir Masorin said the navy command did not notify neighboring states of the fire "since there was no threat of a radiation leak."

The Daniil Moskovsky, a Viktor-3 class submarine, joined the Russian navy in March 1991 and has a crew of 96 submariners, and it is equipped with RK-55 Granat cruise missiles and Shkval and Vodopad torpedoes, according to Itar-Tass.

The worst accident involving the Northern Fleet in recent years was the sinking of the Kursk submarine. It sank during a military exercise in the Barents Sea on Aug. 12, 2000, after an explosion ripped through the vessel and all the 118 sailors on board died.

Last August, a British naval rescue ship helped lift to surface a small Russian submarine stuck on the Pacific seabed. All submariners onboard survived.



Comment on this Article


Six armed people holed up in U.S.

www.chinaview.cn 2006-09-07 11:07:21

LOS ANGELES, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- Police sealed off a high school in a standoff with six armed people in northeastern Arizona, the United States, on Wednesday.

Police sources said it was unclear whether the six were holding student hostages at the high school or whether they were students.
Authorities said the armed people included a male with a gun and five females with knives.

The incident happened in Ganado, where the school is located, around mid-afternoon when the school was bringing some students out by bus. It's not known how many students were inside the school.

Ganado, a community of 1,500 people, is about 55 miles northwest of Gallup, New Mexico, and 315 miles northeast of Phoenix, the largest city in Arizona.



Comment on this Article


Colleges grapple with student suicides

By DAVID B. CARUSO
Associated Press
September 6, 2006

NEW YORK - A depressed Hunter College student who swallowed handfuls of Tylenol, then saved her own life by calling 911, was in for a surprise when she returned to her dorm room after the ordeal. The lock had been changed.

She was being expelled from the dorm, the school informed her, because she violated her housing contract by attempting suicide. The 19-year-old was allowed to retrieve her belongings as a security guard stood watch.

Policies barring potentially suicidal students from dorms have popped up across the country in recent years as colleges have struggled to deal with an estimated 1,100 suicides a year. But some of those rules have come under legal attack.
Hunter College announced last month that it was abandoning its 3-year-old suicide policy as part of a settlement with the student. The student, who was allowed to continue attending class, claimed in a lawsuit that her 2004 ouster from the dorms violated federal law protecting disabled people from discrimination.

The school, part of the City University of New York system, also agreed to pay her $65,000.

Hunter spokeswoman Meredith Halpern said the college may still consider temporarily removing troubled students from its residence halls, but such evictions will no longer be automatic.

College officials say such expulsions are not punitive; Halpern said Hunter's policy was aimed at protecting students' privacy and shielding them from schoolmates' prying eyes. At George Washington University in the nation's capital, spokeswoman Tracy Schario said the idea is to give suicidal students a break from the stresses of university life and encourage them to seek help.

But some activists suspect such evictions are an attempt by colleges to avoid legal liability if someone commits suicide in the dorms.

Up until recently, the prevailing legal theory had long been that adult students were responsible for their own behavior, and that colleges could not be held liable. But that philosophy was undermined by a pair of court rulings involving the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Ferrum College in Virginia.

In both cases, judges ruled prior to out-of-court settlements that colleges might have a duty to prevent a suicide if the risk was foreseeable. The cases prompted some schools to be more aggressive about sending troubled students home.

Karen Bower, an attorney with the Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, which helped litigate the Hunter College case, said she hopes the settlement will prompt other schools to rethink their policies.

"The real danger of these policies is that they discourage students from getting the help that they really need," Bower said. Students might be scared from speaking out about suicidal thoughts if they believe it would mean eviction, she said.

The chances that a student might be expelled from a dorm simply for talking about suicide with a counselor are considered slim. Conversations with mental health professionals are generally confidential and protected by privacy laws.

But universities can hear about a student's troubles and take action if he has been talking with friends or classmates, or does something that leads to a middle-of-the-night hospitalization, which might involve campus security or a housing official.

Elsewhere around the country, George Washington University is being sued by a former student who was barred from campus and threatened with expulsion after checking himself into a hospital for depression. The student, Jordan Nott, said he never tried to kill himself but had been thinking about it because of the suicide of a close friend, also a George Washington student.

The Bazelon Center is also representing a student at a Connecticut boarding school who was placed on a mandatory leave after seeking treatment for depression.

George Washington's Schario said the school's treatment of Nott was not an attempt to limit legal liability, but "to protect a life." She added that Nott's case was an unusual one. More than 200 students seek help for depression or suicidal thoughts each year at George Washington, and a majority are not asked to leave.

"It is always a case-by-case assessment of what is best for that particular student," Schario said.

She acknowledged, however, that the university's current practice of using its disciplinary system to handle some students with psychological problems "does appear insensitive" and said other procedures were being considered.

Joanna Locke of the Jed Foundation, a program aimed at preventing college suicides, said schools should have flexibility. Some schools, she said, may feel a need to send a student home if they cannot offer proper treatment, or if the student has become disruptive.

"There is no right answer, except that (the decision) should be made carefully, and the decision should be made kindly," she said.



Comment on this Article


Truck hits Ark. Hardee's, killing 2

AP
Wed Sep 6, 2006

NEWPORT, Ark. - A truck veered off a highway and slammed into a fast-food restaurant as a group of teachers ate dinner, killing two women and injuring five other people. Police charged the driver with manslaughter.

Police said the truck clipped a building on Highway 367, then smashed through a plate glass window at the Hardee's restaurant and struck several tables Tuesday evening.
Beverly Tapp and Jane Wright, both retired Newport teachers, died of their injuries, said Detective Patrick Weatherford.

The driver, Gary W. Nicholson, 44, was charged Wednesday with two counts of manslaughter, four counts of second-degree battery, one count of third-degree battery and one count of second-degree criminal mischief, authorities said.

He was originally held on drug and driving while intoxicated charges Tuesday and, after lab work was completed, he could face other charges, Prosecutor Henry H. Boyce said. An arraignment was set for Friday.

Most of the people injured were with a group of current and retired Newport teachers who met each Tuesday at the restaurant. Attorney Jim McLarty said the group was celebrating the 60th birthday of one of the teachers, Jane Parnell, who was injured.



Comment on this Article


Playing Politics


When Criticism of Cluster Bombs is "Anti-Semitic"

By STANLEY HELLER
September 2 / 3, 2006
CounterPunch

The Israeli paper Ha'aretz reports that the head of Germany's Jewish community accused a minister in Angela Merkel's German government of "anti-Semitism" because of the minister's statement on Israel's use of cluster bombs. Development Aid Minister Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul had asked for a United Nations probe into Israel's use of cluster bombs in civilian areas of Lebanon.

Charlotte Knobloch, president of the Central Council of German Jews, complained about what she terms a growing "anti-mood [sic] against Israel and the Jews" in Germany. [Ha,aretz August 30] Merkel, who made absolutely no criticism of Israel during the fighting, immediately met with Knobloch to "soothe Jewish ire" according to Deutche Welle [August 31]
The U.N. humanitarian chief Jan Egeland revealed this week that of the estimated 100,000 unexploded cluster bombs lying in Lebanon almost all of them were fired in the last few days of the fighting when the terms of the ceasefire had already been set. The Guardian (UK) reports Egleand said, "What's shocking--and I would say to me completely immoral is that ninety per cent of the cluster bomb strikes occurred in the last 72 hours of the conflict, when we knew there would be a resolution," he said.

It was known that in the last days of the war the Israeli army was engaged in a desperate attempt to have some "victory" and rushed troops here and there in an attempt to have a photo shoot near the Litani River. What was not known until now was the blind spite that sowed the ground of South Lebanon with a massive number of bomblets.

Cluster bombs are delivered by a large canister and disperse over a wide area, a sort of lethal piñata. The bomblets come in many sizes. Some are tiny, even smaller than 2 inches in diameter. Kids are constantly trying to kick them or pick them up with the result in the loss an arm or leg or even death. "Every day people are maimed, wounded and are killed by these ordnance," said Egeland. The UN official based his estimate on the reports of the UN Mine Action Coordination Centre which has traveled through 85% of Lebanon. The casualty figures as of 29 August from unexploded ordnance rose to 59 people, including 13 killed and 46 injured.

Responding to U.N. reports of cluster bombs being found in Lebanese civilian areas the U.S. government has begun an investigation to determine if cluster bombs have been responsible for civilian casualties. It seems far fetched that the Bush Administration would do anything other than shower Israel with more money, but the Reagan administration did ban export of cluster bombs to Israel for six years for its misuse during its 1982 Lebanese invasion.

The Zionist Ultras have been circling the wagons on this issue, not giving an inch. They hysterical statement by the German Jewish leader was typical of many.

Responding to a report by Human Rights Watch charging Israel with war crimes in its conduct of the war in Lebanon that was written by its director Kenneth Roth, Rabbi Avi Shafran of Agudath Israel has called Roth "loathsome." An editorial in the New York Sun accused Roth of "de-legitimization of Judaism" because his group condemned Israel's strategy as "an eye for an eye." Rabbi Aryeh Spero in Human Events Online referred to Roth as a "human rights impostor," and likened him to "Nazis and Communists." On Sunday, the Jerusalem Post published an op-ed by NGO Monitor's Gerald Steinberg titled "Ken Roth's Blood Libel." [quotes from Kathleen Peratis, Washington Post August 30] The fact that Kenneth Roth is Jewish and his father fled Nazi Germany makes no difference to the Ultras. If you are do not support Israel 110% you are a Jew-hater, a renegade, a self-hater, and a holocaust denier. Get it?

In a very competitive field Abe Foxman of the Anti-Defamation League took the prize for the comment showing the most utter stupidly. In attacking Human Rights Watch he said if Hezbollah was not made to pay an "overwhelming price" for rocket attacks "the Holocaust would be in the works". [Peratis, Washington Post]

Jewish Disgust with Israel

In a very encouraging development hundreds of U.S. Jews are calling for strong measures to be taken against the Israeli government including a cut off of U.S. aid and U.N. sanctions. Over 800 have signed the statement calling for "U.S. Jewish Solidarity with Muslim and Arab Peoples of the Middle East". It states "we are outraged by the violence being perpetrated in our name both as Jews and as U.S. citizens. We, the undersigned, represent Jews across the United States who are choosing to stand in solidarity with the peoples of Gaza and Lebanon". It includes the statement, "There is no Jewish safety in a country that rehearses the violence and persecution which Ashkenazi Jews experienced for centuries through the annihilation of the Palestinian people and their homeland." The signers are collecting money for a full page in the New York Times and are just $800 away from their goal. The petition can be found at http://www.jewishsolidarity.info/petition.php

It was after the 1982 invasion of Lebanon that U.S. Jews in significant numbers began open and trenchant criticisms of Israel. Chomsky's watershed "The Fateful Triangle" was published that year. Hopefully there will be even bigger shows of outrage this time around.

Stanley Heller is chairperson of the Middle East Crisis Committee in Connecticut. It's website is www.TheStruggle.org and he can be reached at mail@TheStruggle.org



Comment on this Article


Bombing Without Regrets: The US Has No Rules for Cluster Bombs

By DAVE LINDORFF
September 6, 2006
CounterPunch

Here's a headline you won't see in your local paper:

"U.S. Accused of Using Cluster Weapons Against Civilians in Iraq and Afghanistan"


We all saw the headline about the State Department investigating Israel's use of US-made cluster weapons in Lebanon, because they had been dropping these deadly and indiscriminate munitions in civilian areas of southern Lebanon, with the prospect of killing large numbers of non-combatants including children. This allegedly violated restrictions placed by the U.S. on how the weapons could be used by the Israeli Defense Force.


It turns out, though, that there are no such restrictions on how these same munitions can be--and are being--used by U.S. forces in Afghanistan and Iraq.

According to a number of sources including military documents and reports from organizations like Human Rights Watch, the U.S., which has refused to sign an international treaty that outlaws cluster weapons, does not even restrict the use of cluster weapons in urban or populated areas. Army and Air force generals have blocked efforts to ban cluster weapons where there are large numbers of civilians present, claiming such a restriction would just lead enemy combatants to locate themselves among civilians.

Well, duh!

Their argument could pretty much be used to oppose restrictions on any kind of weapon in civilian areas. And guess what? That pretty much is the way the U.S. wages war: The hell with civilians! If they happen to be in the way when we drop our bombs, so much the worse for them.

In fact, back in early 2003, when the Australian government agreed to send some troops to join Bush's "Coalition of the Willing" in Iraq, it first had first to assure the troops and the people of Australia that Australian soldiers would not participate in American actions that involved the laying of mines or the use of cluster weapons.

Shock and Awe, the initial aerial bombardment of Baghdad and other cities of Iraq at the start of the U.S. invasion, reportedly led to tens of thousands of civilian casualties, and one reason was the heavy and indiscriminate use of cluster weapons, which disperse hundreds of little fragmentation bombs over a wide area, many of which explode when a person disturbs them. The Christian Science Monitor, which investigated civilian deaths in the first year of the Iraq War, found that the U.S. was killing Iraqi civilians at the astonishing rate of 30 for every enemy fighter. That's a civilian slaughter that would have made even Hitler's SS envious. One reason for this high "collateral damage" kill rate was almost certainly the use of cluster weapons, some of which spread hundreds of their little bomblets over a 20-acre area, with between 5-30 percent of these secondary weapons failing to explode on impact.

There are a number of reports suggesting that the U.S. used cluster weapons extensively later on in carpet bombings that preceded assaults on Al-Qiam, Ramadi, Tal Afar and of course Fallujah, all cities where the civilian casualties were horrific.

So where is the outcry against this criminal U.S. use of cluster weapons? Most Americans don't even know about it. The media have largely blacked the story out. The Pentagon won't talk about it. When Agence France Presse back in April 2003 ran photos of US cluster weapons stockpiled for use in Iraq, no major media outlet in the US picked them up. The only report on cluster weapons at the time in Amnerica came from CNN reporter Peter Arnett. But of course, the Iraqis and the Afghanis know all about it.

It seems particularly inappropriate for the U.S. to be using such munitions in countries like Afghanistan and Iraq, where we are supposedly there to help the people of the country against alleged "terrorist" forces within their borders. Killing the people of the country you are "helping" would seem to be operating at cross-purposes. But it does explain why every time there is some "mistake" reported, where the U.S. bombs a wedding or an innocent town square, the death toll is so astoundingly high.

It also helps explain why the resistance forces in both countries seem to keep getting stronger, even as we keep killing them at a prodigious rate. Cluster weapons, besides killing lots of civilians, also inevitably make lots of enemies.

Dave Lindorff is the author of Killing Time: an Investigation into the Death Row Case of Mumia Abu-Jamal. His new book of CounterPunch columns titled "This Can't be Happening!" is published by Common Courage Press. Lindorff's new book is "The Case for Impeachment",
co-authored by Barbara Olshansky.

He can be reached at: dlindorff@yahoo.com



Comment on this Article


Blair To Outline Exit Plan After Eigth Labour MP Quits in Protest

SkyNews
Thursday September 07, 2006

Tony Blair is expected to outline his exit timetable this afternoon, after an eighth Labour MP quit in protest at his refusal to say when he will stand down as PM.

Hartlepool MP Iain Wright, a Parliamentary Private Secretary in the Department of Health, resigned from his Government post, telling Mr Blair he "no longer believed that the party and the Government can renew itself in office without urgently renewing the leadership".

Earlier, sources within No 10 let it be known that Mr Blair will use a pre-planned photo opportunity with Education Secretary Alan Johnson on Thursday to make his intentions plain after 24 hours of turmoil at Westminster.

During the day another seven MPs quit, starting with junior defence minister Tom Watson.
He was followed by six Parliamentary Private Secretaries - Khalid Mahmood, Wayne David, Ian Lucas, Mark Tami, Chris Mole and David Wright.

They argued it was not "in the interest of either the party or the country" for Mr Blair to remain in office.

Mr Watson's resignation letter said: "I share the view of the overwhelming majority of the party and the country that the only way the party and the Government can renew itself in office is urgently to renew its leadership."

He was in a group of MPs who had earlier signed a confidential letter to Mr Blair urging him to name a date for his departure.

The PM retorted: "I had been intending to dismiss him but wanted to extend to him the courtesy of speaking to him first."

Health Secretary Patricia Hewitt warned Labour MPs it was "madness" to demand conditions from the Prime Minister and said the party was in "real danger" of forgetting the lessons it learned during the 1980s.

The Sun had reported that Mr Blair will step down as Labour leader on May 31 and resign as PM on July 26.

Sky News political editor Adam Boulton said: "Senior MPs and many commentators are saying the party may not stand for this (timetable) and will expect Mr Blair to be out by Christmas."



Comment on this Article


Changing of the guard

Philip James
Thursday September 7, 2006
Guardian Unlimited

For the first time in 12 long years, the balance of power in the House of Representatives may tip back to Democrats, according to pollsters from both parties. Dissatisfaction with the Iraq war, which will soon have dragged on longer than US involvement in the second world war, is the main factor, along with unease about the economy.

After over a decade of powerlessness, congressional Democrats can smell victory but they dare not shout it from the rooftops, mindful of how skilled they've been at plucking defeat from the jaws of victory in recent history, most notably in 2000, when they lost the House and the presidency by the slimmest of margins.
The latest polling data reveals a stunning array of negatives for the incumbent party. According to the most recent New York Times poll, almost two thirds of the electorate believes the country is heading in the wrong direction, a keynote indicator that voters are ready for a change. A similar number of voters believe the president is doing a bad job, and traditionally voters punish the party of a president they hold in low esteem at mid-term elections. But the question giving Democrats most cheer, eight weeks out from polling day, is: Do you approve or disapprove of the way George Bush is handling the situation in Iraq?

At the time of the last election, the nation was evenly split on this question. Today, a solid majority of Americans have turned against the war, and this gives Democrats their first real opening in a political climate still dominated by national security. No longer must they thread the doublethink needle of being for the war, but against the prosecution of it. Now they can full-throatedly speak their mind on the topic, without fear of appearing unpatriotic.

For two years straight, from the invasion of Iraq to the ceremonial handover of power to the Iraqis, the Republican administration got away with linking the Iraq war with the wider war on terror. Anyone who questioned US involvement in Iraq could not be trusted to keep the country safe. But that argument has swayed fewer and fewer Americans, as they've seen Iraq fall into chaos and the civilian and military death toll climb.

The loss of Iraq as a political trump card for Republicans has left them grasping for rhetoric. Suddenly, according to George Bush, the outlaw cave dweller Osama bin Laden is Adolf Hitler, his musings as big a threat to the world as were the totalitarian visions of the Soviet Union and fascist Germany. The intention is to paint Democrats as the party of placation - their willingness to rethink the war in Iraq, a fatal weakness in the face of evil.

This heady hyperbole will convince some. It may convince many, but even some Republicans are no longer buying it. Representing a group of Republicans facing a tough re-election battle, Congressman Chris Shays of Connecticut - hitherto a staunch supporter of the war - recently broke from party doctrine to suggest there should be a timeline for US troop withdrawal from Iraq, and in an unusual display of candour, contradicted the White House by concluding: "I have not seen ... noticeable improvement in Iraq since the election in December 2005".

Republicans are in trouble in 22 states all over the electoral map. There are currently 36 competitive races in Republican held districts, up from 19 at the beginning of this year, according to the non-partisan Cook report. Democrats would have to win 15 of these to retake control of the House.

A 15 seat swing in the House would be modest compared to the 54-seat net gain by Republicans in their "revolution" of 1994, but a lot has to go right for Democrats to emerge as the majority in November. If the mood in the country stays the same, their chances are good, but they must resist the temptation to over-reach. For instance a Senate Democrat proposal to remove the Defence Secretary, Donald Rumsfeld, from office is an ill-advised protest vote that would not alter White House policy, and only plays into Republican charges that Democrats are the enemy within.

Republicans are pinning their hopes on the one bright spot in the polls for them that gives the president high marks for handling the war on terrorism. Voters credit the President for the absence of a terrorist attack on US soil, since September 11 2001. But even this "natural" advantage could be turned against Republicans. In the words of the White House's latest strategy issued this month for combating terrorism, "terrorist networks today are more dispersed and less centralised. They are more reliant on smaller cells inspired by a common ideology and less directed by a central command structure."

In other words, instead of a small concentrated number of miscreants, our enemies have multiplied, become more radicalised and splintered, so that they are harder to track down. The question Democrats should frame is: Are we really safer with Republicans in charge?



Comment on this Article


Friedman wants 10,000 troops at border

By MICHAEL GRACZYK
Associated Press
September 6, 2006

HOUSTON - Kinky Friedman, the proudly politically incorrect entertainer running for governor, said Wednesday he wouldn't put just 1,500 National Guard troops on the Texas-Mexico border, he'd send 10,000.

"We've waited 153 years for the feds to help us," Friedman said. "They haven't yet. We have our own army. I want 10,000 Texas National Guard troops on the border and I want them now."
It was one of four broad policy issues Friedman outlined Wednesday along with crime in Houston, state spending and taxes.

On Houston's crime problem, Friedman said Hurricane Katrina evacuees who relocated to the city and break the law or refuse to find jobs should be sent back to Louisiana.

"I'm just kind of stunned other politicians are not talking about this stuff and are not doing anything," Friedman said.

With campaign slogans like "He's Not Kinky, He's My Governor" and "Kinky for Governor - Why the Hell Not?" Friedman is running a rebel campaign as an independent against Republican Gov. Rick Perry. Also in the race are Democrat Chris Bell, Libertarian James Werner and another independent, Carole Strayhorn, the state comptroller who won that office as a Republican.

On the issue of crime, Friedman said he would give $100 million in state money to Houston to address a spike in violence since Hurricane Katrina.

Friedman also said he would cap state spending at current levels, with any increases adjusted for inflation, population increases and unforeseen disasters.

He said he would abolish the state business tax, which taxes gross business income and was a key element of the school finance reform passed by the legislature in a special session earlier this year. The existing state budget surplus of at least $11 billion could make up any shortfall, he said.

As for the border, Texas has about 1,500 National Guard troops there already.
President Bush earlier this year said he wanted 6,000 along the entire U.S.-Mexico border to assist with administrative and construction tasks that could free up Border Patrol officers.

Perry campaign spokesman Robert Black dismissed Friedman's proposals. He said it wasn't clear whether the 10,000 troops Friedman wanted even were available for deployment and that using surplus money "would be fine for about a year, then what do you do?"

A Bell spokeswoman, Heather Guntert, said, "I'd be very interested in someone figuring out the implications of freezing all the spending. It's not a serious response to a serious problem."

Strayhorn spokesman Mark Sanders described Friedman as "a lot of fun" but said the comptroller's campaign is focused on Perry. He said, "It's a two-person race."



Comment on this Article


Ex-Ill. gov gets 6 1/2 years in prison

By MIKE ROBINSON
Associated Press
Wed Sep 6, 2006

CHICAGO - Former Gov. George Ryan, who was acclaimed by capital punishment foes for suspending executions in Illinois and emptying out death row, was sentenced Wednesday to 6 1/2 years behind bars in the corruption scandal that ruined his political career.

"When they elected me as the governor of this state, they expected better, and I let 'em down and for that I apologize," the 72-year-old Republican said in court before hearing his sentence.

Federal prosecutors had asked for eight to 10 years in prison. Defense attorneys argued that even 2 1/2 years would deprive Ryan of the last healthy years of his life.
"Government leaders have an obligation to stand as the example. Mr. Ryan failed to meet that standard," U.S. District Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer said.

Ryan and about a dozen members of his family stood stoically as Pallmeyer imposed the sentence. He said "involuntary separation" from his wife of 50 years, Lura Lynn, would be "excruciating."

"The jury's verdict speaks for itself in showing that I simply didn't do enough - should have been more vigilant, should have been more watchful, should have been a lot of things, I guess," Ryan said.

The former governor was ordered to report to prison Jan. 4, but his attorneys are trying to keep him free on bond pending appeal - a matter that Pallmeyer will decide on later.

Ryan was convicted in April of racketeering conspiracy, fraud and other offenses for taking payoffs from political insiders in exchange for state business while he was Illinois secretary of state from 1991 to 1999 and governor for four years after that. The verdict capped Illinois' biggest political corruption trial in decades.

Prosecutors said Ryan doled out big-money contracts and leases to his longtime friend, businessman-lobbyist Larry Warner, and other insiders and received such things as Caribbean vacations and a golf bag in return. Ryan also used state money and state workers for his campaigns, the government alleged.

Ryan and Warner, 67, have maintained that nothing they did in connection with leases and contracts was illegal. During the trial, Ryan's attorneys asserted that no one ever testified to seeing their client take a payoff.

Defense attorneys pleaded for mercy, citing Ryan's advanced age, his health problems - he is plagued by high cholesterol and the intestinal illnesses Crohn's disease, diverticulitis - and the humiliation he has already suffered.

"The public shaming that Ryan has endured combined with the impending loss of his pension greatly lessens the need for the court to punish through the sentencing process," Ryan's lawyers said in court papers. They said Ryan "has been publicly and universally humiliated."

The scandal that led to Ryan's downfall began over a decade ago with a fiery van crash in Wisconsin that killed six children. The 1994 wreck exposed a scheme inside the Illinois secretary of state's office in which truck drivers obtained licenses for bribes.

The probe expanded to other corruption under Ryan. Seventy-nine former state officials, lobbyists, truck drivers and others have been charged. Seventy-five have been convicted, including Ryan's longtime top aide, Scott Fawell, a star witness at Ryan's trial.

Prosecutor Patrick Collins referenced Fawell in arguing for a tough sentence for Ryan.

"Mr. Ryan's conduct is more egregious. Mr. Ryan took the oath of office. Scott Fawell did not," Collins said. "Mr. Fawell ... did the dirty work, but Mr. Ryan was in charge."

In 2000, Ryan, as governor, declared a moratorium on executions in Illinois after 13 death row inmates were found to have been wrongly convicted. Then, days before he left office in 2003, he emptied out death row, commuting the sentences of all 167 inmates to life in prison. He declared that the state's criminal justice system was "haunted by the demon of error."

Even as he faced scandal back home, Ryan accepted speaking invitations across the country and was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for his criticism of the death penalty.

With prosecutors closing in on him, Ryan decided not to run for re-election in 2002. He was indicted after leaving office.

Pallmeyer also ordered Ryan to pay $603,348 in restitution for money the state lost through overpriced leases. But it's unclear that he will be able to pay any of it. His attorneys say that he is broke.

Warner was convicted of charges including racketeering, fraud and attempted extortion and was sentenced Wednesday to just under 3 1/2 years.



Comment on this Article


Anderson Cooper's CIA Secret

Radar Online
06/09/2006

Anderson Cooper has long traded on his biography, carving a niche for himself as the most human of news anchors. But there's one aspect of his past that the silver-haired CNN star has never made public: the months he spent training for a career with the Central Intelligence Agency.



Following his sophomore and junior years at Yale-a well-known recruiting ground for the CIA-Cooper spent his summers interning at the agency's monolithic headquarters in Langley, Virginia, in a program for students interested in intelligence work. His involvement with the agency ended there, and he chose not to pursue a job with the agency after graduation, according to a CNN spokeswoman, who confirmed details of Cooper's CIA involvement to Radar.

"Whatever summer jobs or internships our anchors had in college couldn't be less consequential," she added. He has kept the experience a secret, sources say, out of concern that, if widely known, it might compromise his ability to travel in foreign countries and even possibly put him at greater risk from terrorists.


"He doesn't want to be any more of a target than he already is," says one Anderson confidante. On the other hand, as Bob Woodruff and others have learned, American journalists are already prime targets in the world's conflict zones, and are typically accused of having CIA ties even where none exist. And by not disclosing his training before now, Cooper has arguably made it into a potential issue. "It creates the appearance of something smelly there," says a former CNN official who knows Cooper. (Particularly in light of the period Anderson spent studying Vietnamese at the University of Hanoi after college. Soon after, Cooper apparently gave up his Bond fantasy to pursue a career in journalism-except for a brief period when he starred as host of ABC's reality show, The Mole.)

According to the spokeswoman, Cooper told his bosses at CNN about his time with the agency. But even if he hadn't, says Walter Isaacson, who headed the network from 2001 to 2003 and is now president of the Aspen Institute, it's not the sort of thing that would automatically require disclosure, since the stint was brief and far in the past. "I think what he did was probably fine and cool, and I've got no problems with it," he added.



Comment: If Cooper is CIA, he is one of many in the mainstream media.

Comment on this Article


Killer Climate


How Weather Killed Britain's Population Seven Times

UK Independent
September 6, 2006

Britain has been colonised at least eight times over the past 700,000 years and on seven of those occasions the human population was wiped out by cold winters.

This is one of the main conclusions of a five-year investigation into the prehistoric sites of Britain which has shown that the last colonisation occurred less than 12,000 years ago - making Britain a younger country than Australia, which has been continuously inhabited for at least 50,000 years.
"Britain had to be repopulated over and over again. Completely new people had to come back, sometimes with a gap of 100,000 years between these occupations," said Professor Chris Stringer, the head of human origins at the Natural History Museum in London.

"From now on, as these cities and areas keep on growing we're going to have to start using more expensive sources of water and we're going to have to pay for it."

"Early Britons had to cope with these changes of climate. Often they couldn't and they died out completely. Britain and the British people today are new arrivals. We're products of only the past 12,000 years," Professor Stringer said.



Comment on this Article


Study says methane a new climate threat

By SETH BORENSTEIN
AP Science Writer
September 6, 2006

WASHINGTON - Global warming gases trapped in the soil are bubbling out of the thawing permafrost in amounts far higher than previously thought and may trigger what researchers warn is a climate time bomb.

Methane - a greenhouse gas 23 times more powerful than carbon dioxide - is being released from the permafrost at a rate five times faster than thought, according to a study being published Thursday in the journal Nature. The findings are based on new, more accurate measuring techniques.

"The effects can be huge," said lead author Katey Walter of the University of Alaska at Fairbanks said. "It's coming out a lot and there's a lot more to come out."
Scientists worry about a global warming vicious cycle that was not part of their already gloomy climate forecast: Warming already under way thaws permafrost, soil that has been continuously frozen for thousands of years. Thawed permafrost releases methane and carbon dioxide. Those gases reach the atmosphere and help trap heat on Earth in the greenhouse effect. The trapped heat thaws more permafrost and so on.

"The higher the temperature gets, the more permafrost we melt, the more tendency it is to become a more vicious cycle," said Chris Field, director of global ecology at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, who was not part of the study. "That's the thing that is scary about this whole thing. There are lots of mechanisms that tend to be self-perpetuating and relatively few that tend to shut it off."

Some scientists say this vicious cycle is already under way, but others disagree.

Most of the methane-releasing permafrost is in Siberia. Another study earlier this summer in the journal Science found that the amount of carbon trapped in this type of permafrost - called yedoma - is much more prevalent than originally thought and may be 100 times the amount of carbon released into the air each year by the burning of fossil fuels.

It won't all come out at once or even over several decades, but if temperatures increase, then the methane and carbon dioxide will escape the soil, scientists say.

The permafrost issue has caused a quiet buzz of concern among climate scientists and geologists. Specialists in Arctic climate are coming up with research plans to study the permafrost effect, which is not well understood or observed, said Robert Corell, chairman of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, a study group of 300 scientists.

"It's kind of like a slow-motion time bomb," said Ted Schuur, a professor of ecosystem ecology at the University of Florida and co-author of the study in Science.

Most of the yedoma is in little-studied areas of northern and eastern Siberia. What makes that permafrost special is that much of it lies under lakes; the carbon below gets released as methane. Carbon beneath dry permafrost is released as carbon dioxide.

Using special underwater bubble traps, Walter and her colleagues found giant hot spots of bubbling methane that were never measured before because they were hard to reach.

"I don't think it can be easily stopped; we'd really have to have major cooling for it to stop," Walter said.

Scientists aren't quite sure whether methane or carbon dioxide is worse. Methane is far more powerful in trapping heat, but only lasts about a decade before it dissipates into carbon dioxide and other chemicals. Carbon dioxide traps heat for about a century.

"The bottom line is it's better if it stays frozen in the ground," Schuur said. "But we're getting to the point where it's going more and more into the atmosphere."

Vladimir Romanovsky, geophysics professor at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks, said he thinks the big methane or carbon dioxide release hasn't started yet, but it's coming. In Alaska and Canada - which have far less permafrost than Siberia - it's closer to happening, he said. Already, the Alaskan permafrost is reaching the thawing point in many areas.



Comment on this Article


Scientists fear global warming vicious cycle

Sep. 6, 2006. 03:17 PM
SETH BORENSTEIN
ASSOCIATED PRESS

WASHINGTON - New research is raising concerns that global warming may be triggering a self-perpetuating climate time bomb trapped in once-frozen permafrost.

As the Earth warms, greenhouse gases once stuck in the long-frozen soil are bubbling into the atmosphere in much larger amounts than previously anticipated, according to a study in Thursday's journal Nature.
Methane trapped in a special type of permafrost is bubbling up at a rate five times faster than originally measured, the journal said.

Scientists are fretting about a global warming vicious cycle that had not been part of their already gloomy climate forecasts: Warming already under way thaws permafrost, soil that had been continuously frozen for thousands of years.

Thawed permafrost releases methane and carbon dioxide. Those gases reach the atmosphere and help trap heat on Earth in the greenhouse effect. The trapped heat thaws more permafrost, and so on.

"The higher the temperature gets, the more permafrost we melt, the more tendency it is to become a more vicious cycle," said Chris Field, director of global ecology at the Carnegie Institution of Washington. "That's the thing that is scary about this whole thing. There are lots of mechanisms that tend to be self-perpetuating and relatively few that tends to shut it off."

The effect reported in Nature is seen mostly in Siberia, but also elsewhere, in a type of carbon-rich permafrost, flash frozen about 40,000 years ago. A new more accurate measuring technique was used on the bubbling methane, which is 23 times more powerful a greenhouse gas than the more prevalent carbon dioxide.

"The effects can be huge," said lead author Katey Walter of the University of Alaska at Fairbanks. "It's coming out a lot and there's a lot more to come out."

Another study earlier this summer in the journal Science found that the amount of carbon trapped in this type of permafrost - called yedoma - is much more prevalent than originally thought and may be 100 times the amount of carbon released into the air each year by the burning of fossil fuels.

It won't all come out at once or even over several decades, but the methane and carbon dioxide will escape the soil if temperatures increase, scientists say.

The issue of methane and carbon dioxide released from permafrost has caused concern this summer among climate scientists and geologists. Specialists in Arctic climate are coming up with research plans to study the effect, which is not well understood or observed, said Robert Corell, chairman of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, a group of 300 scientists.

"It's kind of like a slow-motion time bomb," said Ted Schuur, a professor of ecosystem ecology at the University of Florida and co-author of the Science study. "There's these big surprises out there that we don't even know about."

Most of this yedoma is in north and eastern Siberia, areas that until recently had not been studied at length by scientists.

What makes this permafrost special is that during a rapid onset ice age, carbon-rich plants were trapped in the permafrost. As the permafrost thaws, the carbon is released as methane if it's underwater in lakes, like much of the parts of Siberia that Walter studied. If it's dry, it's released into the air as carbon dioxide.

Scientists aren't quite sure which is worse. Methane is far more powerful in trapping heat, but only lasts about a decade before it dissipates into carbon dioxide and other chemicals. Carbon dioxide traps heat for about a century.

"The bottom line is it's better if it stays frozen in the ground," Schuur said. "But we're getting to the point where it's going more and more into the atmosphere."

Vladimir Romanovsky, geophysics professor at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks, said he thinks the big methane or carbon dioxide release hasn't started yet, but it's coming. It's closer in Alaska and Canada, which only has a few hundred square kilometres of yedoma, he said.

In Siberia, the many lakes of melted water make matters worse because the water, although cold, helps warm and thaw the permafrost, Walter said.



Comment on this Article


When water bubbles signal a volcanic big bang

Alok Jha, science correspondent
Thursday September 7, 2006
The Guardian

Scientists have found a possible early warning system which could help them to predict major volcanic eruptions, based on the amount of water in magma, the molten rock thrown out during minor activity. Researchers have found that the more water there is in the magma, the more likely the volcano is to erupt violently.
As the magma deep underground rises to the surface, it crystallises with the reduction in pressure and the water forms bubbles.The magma releases heat, and its temperature rises from 900C to 1000C.

When the molten rock reaches the surface, the combination of water bubbles and temperature increase blows out the magma with explosive force, much like champagne spurting from a bottle when it is uncorked. "By looking in great detail at the erupting rock, we've been able to show that, as the magma ascends beneath the volcano prior to an eruption, it crystallises in response to the drop in pressure and it also gets hotter," said Professor Jon Blundy of Bristol University, who led the work, published today in Nature.

"This work is now being used to gauge the direction of current volcanic activity at Mount St Helens in the US and could be applied to any active volcano for which monitoring and petrological records are available." The magma can increase in temperature by about 100C in just a few years. This provides a trigger for an eruption without the need for an outside heat source, such as hotter magma below.

Scientists normally monitor active volcanoes by measuring how the ground around them deforms and how the gases they release change over time. Local earthquakes can also provide clues on how magma is moving under a volcano. Explosive volcanic eruptions are caused by the escape of gases from magma stored in underground reservoirs. Monitoring magma has been difficult because it is so far below the Earth's surface. "What we've done is study little droplets of volcanic liquid that are trapped inside the magma as it rises to the surface," said Madeleine Humphreys of Cambridge University, speaking yesterday at the British Association festival of science in Norwich.

By measuring the water and chemical content of these droplets, called melt inclusions, the researchers were able to tell how the magma was moving underneath the volcano and what condition it was in.

If the magma is at high pressure under the volcano, it will contain a lot of water and can form a lot of bubbles. "The sort of material that's ejected by a volcano during its precursory activity could hold the clues to what's going on underground and might indicate what might happen in the future," said Prof Blundy. "More bubbles, more explosive eruptions. If the magma is stored at a low pressure, [there is] potential to form bubbles and less explosive potential."

In their study, the researchers looked at the lava thrown out of Mount St Helens in the US and Shiveluch in Kamchatka, Russia. Mount St Helens erupted in May 1980 because of sudden decompression of the magma under the volcano. Prof Blundy said the release of pressure was like smashing the top off a bottle of champagne after giving it a vigorous shake.

Mount St Helens lay dormant until 2004, when large columns of magma started erupting from the top of the volcano. Analysis of current eruptions shows that it is unlikely to explode soon, Prof Blundy said.

Combining the analysis of melt inclusions with traditional observations of volcanoes was the "holy grail of modern volcanology," he said.



Comment on this Article


Florence swirls in the open Atlantic

By JENNIFER KAY
Associated Press
Thu Sep 7, 2006

MIAMI - Tropical Storm Florence was steaming over the open Atlantic early Thursday and forecasters said it could become a hurricane within the next day.

Florence had maximum sustained winds near 50 mph after strengthening Wednesday. Forecasters at the National Hurricane Center said it could strengthen into a hurricane, with winds of at least 74 mph, as early as Thursday.

At 5 a.m. EDT, the storm was centered 660 miles east-northeast of the Northern Leeward Islands, about 1,105 miles southeast of Bermuda. It was moving west-northwest near 10 mph.
It posed no immediate threat to land, though its large size - tropical storm force winds extended 290 miles from its center - could be a concern later in the week.

"The concern would be Bermuda at this point, how close the destructive force winds will move toward it," said Dave Roberts, a Navy forecaster at the hurricane center.

Florence developed in the peak of hurricane season in warm Atlantic waters, the source of energy for storm development this time of year. While warm enough to spur storm intensification, forecasters said those waters are not as warm as last year's storm season, which boasted a record 28 named storms and 15 hurricanes, including Katrina.

The 2006 Atlantic hurricane season has not been as rough as initially feared. The National Hurricane Center lowered its forecast in August to between 12 and 15 named storms and seven to nine hurricanes.

Florence follows on the heels of Tropical Storm Ernesto, which was briefly the season's first hurricane before weakening and blowing up the East Coast last week. The storm delayed the launch of the space shuttle Atlantis and blacked out thousands of homes and businesses from North Carolina to New York.

At least nine deaths in the United States and two in Haiti were blamed on Ernesto. Authorities in northwest North Carolina searched Wednesday for two young brothers missing from a home near a fast-moving stream swollen by rain and runoff from Ernesto's passage over the state. At least 140 people, including six people on Wednesday, have been evacuated since the Cape Fear River rose out of its banks Friday in Ernesto's wake.



Comment on this Article


More 'intersex fish' found in Potomac

By MATTHEW BARAKAT
Associated Press
September 6, 2006

McLEAN, Va. - Some species of male fish in the Potomac River and its tributaries are developing female sexual traits at a frequency higher than scientists have seen before, raising concerns about pollutants in a waterway that provides drinking water for millions of people.

The so-called "intersex fish," which produce immature eggs in their testes, were discovered in the Potomac rivershed in 2003 and have also been found in other parts of the country.

But the frequency that the U.S. Geological Surveys found last year is much higher than what has been found elsewhere, said fish pathologist Vicki Blazer.
In some Potomac tributaries, nearly all of the male smallmouth bass caught in last year's survey were the abnormal fish. In the Potomac itself, seven of 13 largemouth bass exhibited female characteristics, including three that were producing eggs.

Although the frequency discovered was surprisingly high, Blazer cautioned that the sample size was relatively small, with about 10 male and 10 female fish taken from each of eight locations in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia.

Researchers were reluctant to remove large numbers of bass from the rivers because of conservation concerns, she said.

Female fish caught in the survey did not develop any unusual sex traits, though fish of both sexes exhibited lesions and other pollution-related problems, said Blazer, who coordinated the survey.

Smallmouth bass appear to be more susceptible to intersex development than largemouth bass, Blazer said.

Blazer said researchers are still waiting on data that would help them determine the water quality at the time the fish were caught, but preliminary data taken from the Potomac found a variety of chemical pollutants.

It is not exactly clear what is causing the changes, though it is likely a combination of pollutants, scientists say.

Certain chemicals and pesticides are believed to stimulate estrogen production. Also, estrogen from birth control pills and human waste can make its way from sewage treatment plants to the waterways.

The Environmental Protection Agency has been studying the issue of so-called "endocrine disruptors" since 1996, but currently does not issue guidelines to water treatment plants for allowable levels of estrogenic compounds.

Jeanne Bailey, a spokeswoman for Fairfax Water, said the findings are a concern.

The water authority, which draws from the Potomac and Occoquan rivers to provide service to roughly 1.5 million people, is working with USGS and other agencies to research and develop ways to improve water treatment to eliminate potentially harmful compounds.

The water treatments used by Fairfax Water, including ozone and activated charcoal, have been shown to reduce levels of estrogenic compounds, she said.

Bailey cautioned against drawing dire conclusions about the impact on human health. She said, "Fish are a great indicator of the health of our waters, but they are not a great indicator of what may translate to humans."



Comment on this Article


Zionism: War on Humanity


Palestinian children pay price of Israel's Summer Rain offensive

Rory McCarthy in Gaza City
Thursday September 7, 2006
The Guardian

Rights group says 197 civilians have been killed in military operation, including 48 minors

On a humid afternoon, an hour or two after lunch, Nadi al-Attar, 12, set off on a donkey-drawn cart with his grandmother Khariya and two of his young cousins to pick figs from a small orchard near their home in northern Gaza.

Ahmed, 17, one of the cousins, remembers the moment when the shell struck, but pauses as he tells his story to nervously rub the muscles at the top of his thighs. The shell that hit their cart that afternoon sliced off his left leg just above the knee and his right leg halfway up his calf. He still has an aching pain in his bandaged stumps.
They had stopped the cart and two of the boys jumped off. "They went to collect something, some metal bars, and then they came back to the cart," he said. The boys hoped to sell the strips of metal for scrap. The Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR) later determined that the metal came from a launcher for a Qassam, one of the crude rockets launched by Palestinian militants from Gaza into Israel. Qassams had been fired from the area that morning, though the militants had since left.

"Then the shell struck. I saw my mother [Khariya] dead and Nadi killed. I saw them dead on the ground," Ahmed said. "I looked down and then I saw my legs were cut away."

Human rights field workers believe an artillery shell, fired from an Israeli military position not far away at the border with the Gaza Strip, hit the cart. Several were fired that day, July 24 - one day in a long and damaging Israeli military operation.

"I think it happened because of the metal we were collecting," Ahmed said. "But we were just going to the farm." He was taken to hospital with another cousin, Shadi, who was wounded in the stomach by shrapnel. Nadi and Khariya, 58, were killed instantly.

"We had lunch together," said Nadi's father, Habib, 36. "Then he went with his grandmother and never came back."

The deaths are not an isolated case. For the past two months, while the world's attention in the Middle East has been focused on the conflict in Lebanon, the Israeli military has led a wave of intense operations along the length of the Gaza Strip. It began after the capture of an Israeli soldier, Corporal Gilad Shalit, by Palestinian militants on June 25. The Israeli military said its operations were intended to free Cpl Shalit and to halt Qassam rocket fire. Early on the Israelis bombed Gaza's only power plant and they have kept Gaza's crossing points to Israel and Egypt closed for most of the time.

Since the start of the operation, codenamed Summer Rain, at least 240 Palestinians have been killed. One in five were children. According to the PCHR, which has investigated each case, 197 of the dead were civilians and the vast majority were killed in Gaza. Among them were 12 women and 48 children.

Yesterday an Israeli military spokesman said his forces did not target civilians. "Our actions are targeted only at terrorist organisations, terror activities and infrastructure," he said. "It can happen that innocent people are hit. But the responsibility does not lie with the Israeli army, but rather with the terror groups who are working within civilian populations without any regard to the danger they are causing."

More than two months into the Gaza operation Israel has still not secured the release of Cpl Shalit or stopped Qassam rocket fire.

"We believe that the whole offensive against the Gaza Strip is characterised by being an act of revenge and retaliation in which civilians are paying the price," said Hamdi Shaqqura, a founder member of the PCHR in Gaza City. "They have demonstrated total disregard for the rights of innocent Palestinian civilians. There has been an excessive use of force, a disproportionate use of force in civilian areas, and that explains the high toll of death."

Mr Shaqqura also condemned the Palestinian militants for launching the Qassams and for firing them from civilian areas. "This is illegal and we have called on them to stop," he said.

Many relatives of those killed by the Israelis in Gaza have been equally critical of the rocket attacks. "We get nothing out of it," said Muhammad al-Attar, 23, another of Nadi's cousins. "After they launch rockets we get killed and they destroy our farms."

A few hours after the donkey cart was hit a shell was fired into Beit Hanoun, another district of northern Gaza. It killed Khitam Tayeh, 11, who was on her way to the shops after school with her sister Nuha, 12. Nuha was hit by a piece of shrapnel in her left thigh, but survived. Khitam had a severe head injury and died in hospital.

"I carried her in from the ambulance and took her to the operating room in my arms," said her father, Muhammad 48. "Then she died. They couldn't do anything." He showed several framed photographs of his daughter, with long dark hair and wide brown eyes. Two bright stars had been superimposed in the background.

Mr Tayeh has collected a box of shrapnel from the scene, a couple of dozen sharp, rigid shards of metal, each three or four inches long, and talks of bringing a legal case against the Israeli military. Like many, a year ago he had hoped that life in Gaza would improve when Israeli settlers were withdrawn, in what seemed a ground-breaking move.

"People expected it would get better, but it's been the opposite," he said. "Don't tell me they withdrew. It's like they didn't leave. They are everywhere."

On the eastern side of Gaza, in Shujaiya, Hussam al-Sirsawi, 12, was with his friends standing on the street watching Israeli troops fighting against militants in the distance on August 27. He was badly injured by a piece of shrapnel and died three days later.

"You know how children are when they hear something happen. They want to go and see," said his uncle Nasser al-Sirsawi, 37. "I can't say why the Israelis killed him. These army people are full of hatred. Maybe these kids went to watch some resistance people and they were in the wrong place. To kill a child like this is not natural." On the wall opposite his cloth shop there is graffiti dedicated to his nephew. "Hussam," it says, "we swear to God you won." "Of course," said his uncle, "he's a martyr."

Two days later there was another incident in Shujaiya, when again a group of children were watching the fighting. Either a tank shell or a large chunk of shrapnel flew at them and hit Muhammad al-Ziq, 14, on the head. He died instantly. "I think sometimes they just want the Palestinians to pay," said his uncle, Ziad al-Ziq, 36. "He was with children wanting to see what was happening. There was no excuse for what happened."

All of the dead and most of the injured pass through the Shifa hospital in Gaza City. Staff photograph the bodies of the dead - they call the victims "martyrs" - and document their injuries. Juma'a al-Saqqa called up a picture on his computer screen of Muhammad al-Ziq, an appalling image of the boy lying on his side on a metal morgue table, the side of his head sliced away. In the past two months the hospital's doctors have dealt with 1,280 injured from the military operations, a third of whom were children. The doctors performed 60 amputations.

Dr Saqqa flicks through the photographic record, images of bodies charred beyond recognition, flesh no longer human in form. Many of the figures were young children, at least one in a shredded blue school uniform. "We have passed through the worst situation we have ever come across in our years of work," he said. "But this is our situation. What can we do? We raised our voices to the world, but nobody moves."



Comment on this Article


Israeli forces restrict freedom of movement for ambulance transporting critically ill patient

Wednesday, 06 September 2006
Palestine News Network

Impeding ambulances is among the ABCs of occupation. New ways to inflict agony are discovered, while old tricks are revisited. The eastern entrance to Qalqilia is the scene of ongoing violations of international law.

The northwestern West Bank city is closed on three sides by the Wall, with the fourth being a gate system. The Wall was built inside the West Bank and cuts off families from another, farmers from their land, and citizens from their schools and medical services. Such was the case last night.

A Palestinian patient in the back of an ambulance needed treatment and was on his way to a hospital. He had papers proving marriage to his Palestinian wife who has Israeli citizenship. In addition to his need for care, the documents should have been enough to allow his passage. However, when the ambulance arrived at the military checkpoint at 9:00 pm, the patient and medics were laughed at.

Israeli soldiers occupying the West Bank checked the patient's identity papers and marriage documents and began laughing and ridiculing the ailing man. His status of "critical condition" did not stop Israeli soldiers from turning the man away, pushing his psychological state further into the abyss.

A relative of the patient immediately organized a nonviolent demonstration against Israeli forces in Qalqilia, shouting against their racism. The soldiers beat the Palestinians with the butts of their machine guns and arrested several people involved in the protest.

Interfering in ambulatory and medical services is in direct contravention to the Geneva Conventions but this is of little consequence to those living under occupation.



Comment on this Article


Israel to lift Lebanon blockade at 1500 GMT Thursday

by Yana Dlugy
AFP
Wed Sep 6, 2006

JERUSALEM - Israel will lift its air and sea blockade of Lebanon at 1500 GMT Thursday, having received international assurances over an arms embargo on Hezbollah, Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's office announced.

"US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, last night and this morning informed Prime Minister Ehud Olmert that international forces are ready to take up control positions over Lebanon's seaports and airports," said an English-language statement from the office.

"Therefore, it was agreed that tomorrow at 18:00 (local time), Israel will leave the aforesaid control positions and, at the same time, the international forces will enter," it said.
Israel imposed a blockade on Lebanon on July 13 when it bombed the runways of Beirut international airport, one day after launching a massive offensive on the Shiite militant group Hezbollah.

The Jewish state has kept up the restrictions despite widespread international protests and the start of a UN-brokered ceasefire on August 14.

Israel has said it would lift the air and sea blockade only once it was sure Beirut was enforcing an arms embargo against Hezbollah.

The international community provided such assurances over the past few days, Olmert's office said in its statement.

"Today, German experts and their equipment are expected to arrive at Beirut international airport. The Lebanese government and the UN have also agreed that German naval forces will deploy opposite the Lebanese coast," it said.

Annan "also clarified that until the arrival of the German naval force, in approximately two weeks, Italian, French, British and Greek forces will carry out the mission as part of the responsibilities of the international force and under its command."

Annan said the lifting of the blackade would help with the reconstruction of the country.

Speaking on arrival Madrid ahead of talks with the Spanish prime minister, Annan said: "It's extremely important for the government and the people of Lebanon".

"Now the government ... and the Lebanese people can dedicate themselves again to reconstruction."

The EU's Finnish presidency also welcomed Israel's announcement as a "positive signal".

Lebanese officials have blasted the continuing blockade as a violation of UN Resolution 1701 that brought an end to the month-long war in which some 1,200 Lebanese, mostly civilians, and 160 Israelis, mostly soldiers, were killed.

The blockade has also had a punishing effect on the Lebanese economy which imports 85 percent of its consumer goods.

Following Olmert's announcement Wednesday, Lebanese Information Minister Ghazi Aridi said the Jewish state lifted its blockade because of Beirut's "intransigent position" and "pressures" brought to bear on Israel.

Among other things, the UN resolution calls for Hezbollah to be disarmed and for the unconditional release of two Israeli soldiers captured by the group on July 12 in raids that killed eight other soldiers and sparked the conflict.

Following the UN-brokered ceasefire, Israel has insisted that all traffic into the country be coordinated ahead of time and aid flights have landed regularly at Beirut airport after receiving Israeli authorization.

The only two companies that have been granted permission to operate regular commercial flights to Beirut, via Amman, have been Lebanon's Middle East Airlines and Royal Jordanian.

On Wednesday, Bahrain-based Gulf Air announced that it was returning to the Beirut market, as of Saturday, following the example of Qatar Airways.

British Mediterranean Airways (BMED), a franchise partner of British Airways, announced that it would fly into Beirut on Wednesday evening despite the embargo.

The Lebanese daily newspaper L'Orient Le Jour reported that requests had also been filed from Air France and Germany's Lufthansa to resume flights.

In Paris, Air France said it had again begun taking reservations for flights to Beirut, hoping to resume flights from Friday.



Comment on this Article


Gerry Adams: Law limiting Palestinian family reunification is a 'terrible thing'

Haaretz
06/09/2006

Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams on Wednesday slammed Israeli legislation that makes it difficult for Palestinians married to Israeli Arabs to gain legal status in Israel as a "terrible thing."

Speaking during a meeting with the deputy Knesset speaker, MK Ahmed Tibi, at his East Jerusalem hotel, Adams also criticized the law that restricts Palestinian appeals for compensation for damage resulting from military operations.

Adams arrived Tuesday night for a visit to the Palestinian territories, following an invitation from Palestinian Authority Chairman Mahmoud Abbas. He is expected to meet Wednesday with Palestinian Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh, of Hamas.

Israel had rejected Adams' request to meet with Prime Minister Ehud Olmert or Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni.
Government sources told Haaretz on Wednesday that the Sinn Fein had been informed of this decision in advance.
Adams on Tuesday called on Israel to hold a direct dialogue with Hamas, saying that the international and Israeli embargos on the Hamas government only inflames tensions in the region.

He called for Israel and Hamas start talking in order to reach a peaceful solution to the conflict. He also expressed his opposition to preconditions for Hamas, such as the recognition of Israel, which he said could come as the result of dialogue between the two sides.



Comment on this Article


Russia's Lavrov Advocates Dialogue with Hamas, Hezbollah

Created: 07.09.2006 13:57 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 14:48 MSK
MosNews

The Russian foreign minister said Thursday that a dialogue with Islamic radical groups Hamas and Hezbollah is necessary to encourage their responsibility for the Palestinian and Lebanese people, RIA Novosti news agency reports.
The Hamas and Hezbollah radical movements are represented in the governments of the Palestinian Authority and Lebanon, respectively. They are considered by neighboring Israel to be terrorist organizations, which led recently to a number of armed clashes between Israel and the two movements.

"As Hamas and Hezbollah, using elections and democratic processes, become part of the power structure, they realize better their responsibilities to their electors and for the fate of their people," Sergei Lavrov, who is currently on an official two-day visit to the Middle East, said.

Lavrov said the responsibility of these movements presumes "an unconditional renunciation of terrorist methods for solving problems, a renunciation of the position according to which Israel has no right to exist, and the need to accept all current agreements reached through talks between Israel and Arabs."

Ivanov reiterated that Russia never qualified these movements as terrorist organizations, and that there was no such decision on behalf of the United Nations.

Russia provoked anger in some countries February, when it invited a Hamas delegation to Moscow. The group won a landslide victory during elections to the Palestinian Authority in January.



Comment on this Article


Strange but True


Woman guilty of assault with dead Chihuahua

Last Updated Wed, 06 Sep 2006 23:28:57 EDT
The Associated Press

A St. Louis woman accused of pummelling a dog breeder over the head with a dead Chihuahua puppy was found guilty Wednesday of misdemeanour assault and trespassing.
Lisa Hopfer, 34, faces up to 18 months in jail and a $1,500 US fine.

The trial featured X-rays and pictures of the dead dog, and testimony from Linda Hulsey, who said Hopfer assaulted her at least 30 times on June 7 with the corpse of the Chihuahua she sold to Hopfer.

Hopfer told police that after buying the puppy, which she said Hulsey had told her was six weeks old, a veterinarian said it was only four weeks old and needed to be returned to its mother. The dog died before Hopfer could return it.

Police said Hopfer pushed her way inside Hulsey's home and confronted her. Later, Hopfer took the dog out of a plastic bag and started hitting Hulsey, 33, over the head with it, police said.

"She's somebody I never want to be in the presence of again," Hulsey told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch.

Hopfer, who denied the attack, has since purchased another Chihuahua.



Comment on this Article


Gosh, I was just thinking about you

The Times
September 07, 2006
Rupert Sheldrake

If you think telepathy is tosh, many scientists agree with you. But they ignore the evidence

HAVE YOU EVER thought about someone for no apparent reason, and then that person rang on the telephone? Have you felt you were being watched, and turned round to find someone staring at you?

Recent surveys show that a majority of the population in Britain have had these experiences. If they are more than coincidences or illusions, they suggest that minds are more extensive than brains.
There is a growing body of evidence that telepathy and the sense of being stared at are real, with an active discussion of these topics in scientific journals - for example, last year a special issue of the Journal of Consciousness Studies was devoted to the ability to detect stares, for which the scientific name is scopaesthesia, from the Greek words for viewing and feeling. This ability may have a long evolutionary history. Animals that were able to detect the looks of hidden predators may well have survived better than animals without this ability.

Telepathy may also have deep biological roots, acting as a means of communication at a distance between members of animal groups. It is still expressed in domesticated animals, many of which seem to be able to detect the feelings and intentions of their owners beyond the range of the usual senses. For example, many dogs seem to know when their owners are coming home, and go to wait at a door. In some cases they do this when the person is still miles away, long before the animal could have heard familiar footsteps or car sounds. In a series of videotaped tests, I found that dogs still went and waited at the door when the owners returned at times randomly selected by the experimenter, when no one at home knew when they were coming, and when they travelled in unfamiliar vehicles such as taxis.

Many mothers still seem to feel when their children need them, even if they are miles away. Children whose absent mothers responded to their distress telepathically and returned to them would be more likely to survive than children with unresponsive mothers; so telepathic traits may have been favoured by natural selection.

The commonest kind of apparent telepathy in the modern world takes place in connection with telephone calls. About 80 per cent of the population claim to have had experiences in which they think of someone for no apparent reason, then that person calls; or they know who is calling when the phone rings, before picking it up. Many people have had similar experiences with e-mails.

Is this just coincidence? An illusion of telepathy could be created if people remembered when someone called or e-mailed soon after they thought about that person, but forgot all the times that they thought about someone who did not contact them. An illusion of telepathy could also arise if someone had an unconscious expectation that someone they knew would call or e-mail, based on an implicit knowledge of that person's behaviour. Until recently, there were no scientific investigations of telephone telepathy to test these possibilities.

Over the past few years, with the help of my research associate, Pam Smart, I have investigated telephone telepathy experimentally in hundreds of controlled trials. Volunteers were asked to give us the names and telephone numbers of four people they knew well. During the test session, the subject was videotaped continuously sitting by a landline telephone. We selected one of the callers at random by the throw of a die. We then asked that person to call the subject. When the telephone rang, the participant guessed who was calling before lifting the receiver. The guess was either right or wrong.

By chance, participants would have been right about one time in four. In fact, 45 per cent of the guesses were correct. This research has been replicated at the University of Amsterdam, again with positive results.

Tests in which some of the callers were near the Antipodes, in Australia and New Zealand, showed that the effect did not seem to fall off with distance. Emotional closeness, rather than physical proximity, seemed to be the most important factor.

However, some scientists are so strongly committed to a belief that the mind is confined to the head that they dismiss all such evidence as illusory. For example in yesterday's Times, Professor Peter Atkins, a chemist, described telepathy as a "charlatan's fantasy". But no one understands very much about the nature of our minds. The very existence of consciousness is unexplained. The conventional idea that mental activity is nothing but brain activity is only an assumption, not a proven fact.

Instead, I suggest that our minds may extend far beyond our brains, stretching out through fields that link us to our environment and to each other. Fields are more extensive than material objects: magnetic fields extend around magnets, and electromagnetic fields around mobile phones. Likewise, mental fields are rooted in brains but extend beyond them. The directions depend on our attention and intention.

Mental fields could help to explain telepathy, the sense of being stared at and other widespread but unexplained abilities. Of course this hypothesis is controversial. But science progresses not through dogma and polemic, but by exploring new possibilities and by paying attention to the evidence.

The author is director of the Perrott-Warrick project for research on unexplained human abilities, funded by Trinity College, Cambridge. www.sheldrake.org



Comment on this Article


Back From the Dead

By Gary Greenberg
September 2006
Wired

A small but passionate group of doctors say that electricity applied deep in the brain can jolt patients out of irreversible comas. That's when the real problems begin.

Edwin Cooper has been sent, or has sent himself, to about 60 severely brain-injured people since the mid-1980s, when he first made the accidental discovery that electrical stimulation had effects on arousal. He was using a neuro-stimulator to relieve spasticity in the limbs of microcephalics, people with abnormally small skulls who often have reduced mental capacity and poor muscle control. During the treatment, he recalls, one patient started looking around his room and smiling when people walked in, instead of staring blankly. Cooper had already observed that when he placed the stimulator on one arm of a quadriplegic patient to strengthen the muscles there, the opposite arm also got stronger. He concluded that the electricity was making its way to the brain, crossing to the opposite hemisphere, and stimulating arousal centers in the process. He began to wonder about the effect this might have on unconscious people. "I thought, if someone were normal and able-bodied but in a coma, maybe this would make a difference, maybe help wake them up," Cooper says. "It was like maybe we could reboot the brain."
For someone left for dead 12 years ago, Candice Ivey seems to be doing pretty well. She's still got her homecoming queen looks and A-student smarts. She has earned a college degree and holds a job as a recreational therapist in a retirement community. She has, however, lost her ballerina grace and now walks a bit like her feet are asleep. She slurs her words a little, too, which sometimes leads to trouble. "One time I got pulled over," she says in her North Carolina twang. "The cop looked at me and said, 'What have you been drinking?' I said, 'Nothing.' He said, 'Get out here and walk the line.' I was staggering all over the place. He said, 'All right, blow into this.' Of course I blew a zero, and he had to let me go."

In November 1994, when Ivey was 17, a log truck T-boned her Chevy Blazer. She remembers nothing of the next two months. But it's all seared into the memory of her mother, Elaine, especially the part where the doctors told her that Candice, who was in a coma and breathing by respirator, should be pronounced dead. Her brain, they said, was entirely and irreversibly destroyed by a week of swelling and bleeding and being pushed up against the inside of her skull like a ship scuttled on a reef.

A few days later, however, Candice proved the doctors wrong. Unhooked from the respirator, she continued to breathe on her own - something she couldn't have done if she were truly brain-dead. Now Elaine faced the horrible decision of whether or not to feed her child. The doctors warned her that Candice would probably never wake up, and if she did, she almost certainly would be unable to live independently. In the worst case, she would enter the permanent twilight known as a persistent vegetative state, in which she might sleep and wake and move her limbs, yawn and sneeze and utter sounds, but not in a way that was purposeful. Elaine decided to keep the feeding tube in place, which, she recalls, made the neurosurgeon furious. "He thought I was just prolonging her agony and that I would have a vegetable on my hands," she says. "But when it's your child lying there, you'll do anything."

In this case, anything included letting an orthopedic surgeon named Edwin Cooper try an experimental treatment. He approached Elaine out of the blue soon after the accident and urged her to let him put an electrified cuff on Candice's wrist. It sent a 20-milliampere charge - enough to make her hand clench and her arm tremble a little - into her median nerve, a major pathway to the brain. It might rouse her from her coma, he said.

"I thought it was hokey, if you want to know the truth," Elaine says. She agreed nonetheless - she was, she says, "drunk as a coot" from a combination of "nerve pills and a full glass of whisky" - and the cuff went on. Within a week, Elaine was sure that Candice was stirring. Her doctors doubted it. "They kept telling me it was just reflexes, but a momma knows." Then, just before New Year's Day, a month after the accident, Cooper asked Candice how many little pigs there were. She held up three fingers.

Now 29, Candice Ivey is thrilled to see the 64-year-old Cooper when he shows up at her door. She gives him a big, warm hug and sits close to him on the couch. They chat about the presentation on traumatic brain injury that she recently gave to nurses at Cooper's hospital, and how hearing the story of her ordeal again brought him to tears. As she tells me of her injury and its aftermath, she comes back time and again to her gratitude. "The wreck was my fault," she says. "But getting better, that was God's doing. He sent Dr. Cooper to my momma, didn't he?"

Edwin Cooper has been sent, or has sent himself, to about 60 severely brain-injured people since the mid-1980s, when he first made the accidental discovery that electrical stimulation had effects on arousal. He was using a neuro-stimulator to relieve spasticity in the limbs of microcephalics, people with abnormally small skulls who often have reduced mental capacity and poor muscle control. During the treatment, he recalls, one patient started looking around his room and smiling when people walked in, instead of staring blankly. Cooper had already observed that when he placed the stimulator on one arm of a quadriplegic patient to strengthen the muscles there, the opposite arm also got stronger. He concluded that the electricity was making its way to the brain, crossing to the opposite hemisphere, and stimulating arousal centers in the process. He began to wonder about the effect this might have on unconscious people. "I thought, if someone were normal and able-bodied but in a coma, maybe this would make a difference, maybe help wake them up," Cooper says. "It was like maybe we could reboot the brain."

Cooper started testing this hypothesis in 1993. Candice Ivey was one of his first research subjects, and her recovery remains the most spectacular. But Cooper has gathered data on 37 other patients in two studies (at the University of Virginia and East Carolina University). The results indicate that people given electrical stimulation emerge from comas sooner and then regain function more quickly than if they are given only traditional treatment. They're more likely to leave the hospital under their own steam, with less-severe disabilities than would be predicted by the nature and extent of their injuries.

Still, Cooper knows that 38 patients is a tiny sample, especially in a field where so little is understood and in which unexplained spontaneous awakenings, even after long periods of unconsciousness, are not uncommon. But despite being published in the peer-reviewed journals Brain Injury and Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, his work has yet to attract the attention of mainstream researchers. So, in the meantime, he hustles for every patient. He heard about Candice while at a friend's wake, waiting to view the body. Another mourner mentioned that there was a girl in a coma at ECU's Pitt County Memorial Hospital. "I got right out of that line and went to find her," he says. He adds that he has Google news trackers set up for "brain stem injury" and "teenage coma." But the patients and doctors he contacts rarely respond, and Cooper and his stimulator remain on the margins of medicine, frustrated. "It's so easy. Why don't people just use it?"

Cooper's best hope may lie overseas in Japan, where over the last two decades doctors have used electrical stimulation on hundreds of patients - some of whom have been unconscious for many years. The evidence that the Japanese doctors have amassed could confirm Cooper's claims and bring hope to the families of patients most American doctors consider beyond cure. But it may also undermine the hard-won yet fragile consensus on what, neurologically speaking, makes someone alive and when it is acceptable to pull the plug.

Cooper may be without honor in his own home, but mention his name at the Fujita Health University Hospital, just outside the industrial city of Nagoya, Japan, and surgeons light up with recognition. He's been there a few times, collaborated with them on a book chapter, and told them about Candice Ivey and his other patients. They're glad to have a fellow traveler in the US, but they're quick to point out - politely, of course - that they've been doing this work longer than Cooper and have treated many more patients.

The Japanese also use a more spectacular method: They implant the electrodes right into the spine. That's what Isao Morita is doing today. Trained at the Cleveland Clinic, he's a neurosurgeon who wears his hair in a brush cut and speaks passable English. The patient, Katsutomo Miura, lies facedown on the table. He's anesthetized, even though he was already unconscious when he was passed through the doors separating the sterile surgical wing from the rest of the hospital. He's been unconscious for nearly eight years. He was 23 when an ambulance crew found him bleeding and unresponsive on the road near his home in Osaka, next to his wrecked motorbike and his helmet. His legs were shattered, and one of them is now permanently bent at the knee, like he was frozen in place as he was about to run away. It sticks up from the table, making a little pup tent of the blue surgical drapes.

"Yoroshiku onegai shimasu" ("Thank you in advance for your cooperation"), Morita says, and waits for the five-person surgical team to respond in kind before he slices into Miura's neck. It takes 20 minutes of cutting and cauterizing, of spreading muscle and clearing away blood and gristle, for Morita to burrow down to Miura's spine. "C-5," he announces to me, a little triumphantly, as he points into the cavity he has created. Peering over his shoulder, I can see the vertebra that was his target. It is pure white and glistening. Morita takes a pneumatic drill and tunnels along the spine, toward Miura's head, explaining that, so far, this is exactly how a disc surgery would go. I resolve to take better care of my back.

Morita tries to thrust an inch-and-a-half-long, quarter-inch-wide flat metal bar into the tunnel, but it won't go. He drills and pushes four more times until the electrode finally settles into place along the second and third cervical vertebrae. He snakes a wire from there under Miura's skin to a second incision he has made between the shoulder blades. Meanwhile, another doctor has been working at Miura's waist to create an internal pouch for the battery pack that will power the electrode on his spine. Now she runs a wire up to the opening in his back, and Morita, using four tiny screws, splices it to the lead to complete the circuit. Once the swelling goes down and they switch the implant on, it will send a train of electrical pulses through his spinal column and into his brain. The hard part over, the surgeons begin to chat easily as they close up Miura, even laughing a little bit about the anesthesiologist, who has dozed off at his station.

I've already seen this kind of operation. It was part of the PowerPoint presentation I got the day before from Tetsuo Kanno, Morita's mentor and the originator of the surgery. Kanno discovered the virtues of the dorsal column implant accidentally, he says, when he was using it to stimulate muscles in stroke patients. He shows me statistics on the 149 people he and his staff have treated. He cites one study of patients who had been unconscious for an average of 19 months. A vegetative state is considered permanent after one year, but 42 percent of Kanno's patients showed significant improvement. He explains that even a guy like Miura stands a chance. If the electric current keeps flowing into his brain for long enough, maybe years, Miura is likely to make "some recovery."

Which is either good news or bad news, depending on how you feel about Kanno's definition of recovery. Most of the implant recipients, he says, move up a notch in their level of consciousness, from a persistent vegetative state to a "minimally conscious state," a condition in which people are able to muster small but unmistakable signs of awareness. "Maybe the patient just smiles or follows with their eyes," Kanno says. Other Japanese doctors using deep brain stimulation - in which electrodes are implanted directly in brain tissue - have reported similar results: patients who improve to the point where they are severely disabled rather than entirely unresponsive.

But this is enough for Mariko Miura, who spent $30,000 on her son's implant. The day after the surgery, she declares through a translator that she senses her son is calm and comfortable. "If he could just show what he feels," she adds, "yes or no, maybe blinking once or twice, maybe holding hands, maybe a smile, that would be great." The doctors say this is exactly their goal, even though the patient's MRI shows that the right hemisphere of his brain is almost entirely atrophied. "There is no medical indication in this case," Morita says. "This surgery is socially indicated. It is the family's decision if they want to go on, and our job to do what they wish."

These doctors know how strange this kind of reasoning sounds to American ears. "US doctors say that it doesn't mean anything. But even if the patients can't talk," Kanno says, "if they just look up when the family comes in the room, it makes the family very happy." Then again, he says, "you are very dry people in America, dry and cool. Here we are very wet and warm. You see just a body; you say, OK, stop feeding it. But we think a person in a vegetative state has a soul."

No one is sure exactly why electrical stimulation works, but there is strong evidence that it has undefined but profound effects on the brain. We know that electricity can rouse unconscious animals and that deep brain stimulation is widely used to treat Parkinson's disease and dystonia, a disorder in which muscles twist and contract uncontrollably. Kanno and his team have also recorded that patients receiving stimulation have higher levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, as well as increased blood flow in the brain - both conditions are associated with arousal. This increased activity could well lead to nerve cells in the brain forming new connections more quickly, which a recent paper in The Journal of Clinical Investigation showed can lead to minimally conscious patients reawakening.

There are critics, of course. Electrical stimulation as a treatment for vegetative state "is junk science," according to the recently deceased Ronald Cranford, an expert in the clinical and ethical aspects of prolonged unconsciousness. Joseph Giacino, a rehabilitation psychologist at New Jersey's JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute who has led efforts to define the minimally conscious state, says that he thinks much of the "success" reported by Kanno occurred because his patients were minimally conscious, not vegetative, to begin with.

Giacino does agree, however, with Cooper and the doctors in Japan that there is enough evidence to warrant further investigation. But the doctors who would like to conduct the necessary research are finding the scientific and political climate inhospitable to their work. Among the obstacles they face is the consensus that emerged following the 1976 New Jersey Supreme Court ruling that Karen Ann Quinlan, a 22-year-old who had suffered severe brain damage, was beyond hope of regaining sentience and could be allowed to die of starvation. According to bioethicist Joseph Fins, who directs the medical ethics division at Cornell's Weill Medical College, this has led doctors to abandon severely brain-injured patients too quickly. The result: statistics indicating that these patients don't get better. Families and doctors then give up, and researchers are discouraged from pursuing possible treatments - a vicious circle that Fins calls therapeutic nihilism. He says this approach ought to be reconsidered. "We've spent a long time allowing people to die. Maybe they deserve more intellectual, diagnostic, and therapeutic engagement than we have acknowledged."

To Fins, that engagement could well include electrical stimulation. He and a Weill colleague, neurosurgeon Nicholas Schiff, have laid out a framework for testing deep brain stimulation on the severely brain-injured, but they're a long way from actually doing any treatment. Fins knows, however, that they're up against "proponents of the right to die who have been concerned about ... the hard-won right to forgo life-sustaining therapy," and that getting the research under way may be difficult as a result.

Things will get especially complicated if firm evidence shows, as Cooper believes it will, that electrical stimulation often pushes people out of a persistent vegetative state and into a minimally conscious state. If it becomes clear that a PVS is not entirely hopeless and irreversible, then the diagnosis, which has functioned as a rationale for ending life support, will no longer provide moral clarity. If that happens, Giacino says, "people are going to have to really think about what this all means before nonchalantly pulling the plug."

Of course, it is hard to imagine that anyone makes that monumental decision nonchalantly. But perhaps people do take as certain some things that might not be quite true - namely, that vegetative states cannot be treated. This, of course, was the pivot on which the Terri Schiavo spectacle turned: People argued that her doctors were wrong about the hopelessness of her condition, that maybe that little smile meant starving her might be murder, rather than mercy. As it happens, she would have been unlikely to respond to any form of electrical stimulation; cases in which the brain has been deprived of oxygen, rather than injured by force, are the hardest to treat. But accident victims fill emergency rooms, and it is hard to picture how much more tortuous our decisions will get if new truths about electrical stimulation displace old certainties about hopelessness.

Even with current guideposts, the complexities seem mind-bending. Just ask Candice Ivey. She has impaired short-term memory, a lack of stamina, and difficulty with impulse control that makes it tough to keep friends. Because of that, her life - one of the best possible outcomes after so severe an injury - is still immeasurably harder than it was before her accident. "God's allowed me to do a lot of good things," she says. "But I remember what life used to be like and what I used to do mentally and physically, and I wouldn't want to do this again. If this ever happens again, I want them to terminate me." Later, her mother draws deeply on her cigarette when I ask her about this. "It goes through my head every day," Elaine says. "If I had let her die, she'd at least be at peace. And I keep thinking there has to be a reason for this - her life will turn around. But when it doesn't happen ... I mean, it's been 12 years now."

Things are no simpler in Katsutomo Miura's hospital room the day after his surgery. He's entirely still except for his lips, which are rooting ceaselessly like a hungry infant's. His mother, who is bustling over him, leans into his face, squeezes his cheek, and talks to him. I realize she is introducing me to him. "My son and I, we are one person," she told me earlier, and, as if to prove her point, she picks up his right hand and extends it for me to shake. It is warm and wet.

Not for the first time in my three days at Fujita, I'm reminded of another doctor who more famously applied electricity to a lifeless body to animate it. Of course, Victor Frankenstein's wish to cheat mortality lies behind all medicine, but you don't often see its monstrous implications displayed as clearly as in this poor man suspended by good intentions between two worlds. "We produce these patients," Kanno says. "It is the dark side of neurosurgery."

Unintended consequences, and the impossibility of unraveling them, are on my mind as I finish my visits with Japanese implant patients and their mothers. No one seems to be much concerned about what this is like for the patients ("We have no discussion with them," Kanno says), and I'm wondering why these women can't see that their children are gone forever, why they can't move on. I want to say something like this to my translator as we get into the elevator, but there are tears in her eyes. "They're so well loved," she says, and I can't help but think that I am not only on the other side of the world, but on the other side of our beliefs about what makes a life worth living, that I am grasping the moral chaos that will ensue if science proves these doctors right. 



Comment on this Article


Treatment with 'friendly' bacteria could counter autism in children

IAN JOHNSTON SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT
Tue 5 Sep 2006
The Scotsman

PROBIOTIC bacteria given to autistic children improved their concentration and behaviour so much that medical trials collapsed because parents refused to accept placebos, a scientist revealed yesterday.

The effect of the bacteria was so pronounced that some of the parents taking part in what was supposed to be a blind trial realised their children were taking something other than a placebo.
A number then refused to give their children the placebo when they were due to switch, resulting in the collapse of the trial.

Glenn Gibson, a microbiologist who ran the study of 40 autistic children aged between four and eight, said this meant it was difficult to draw any firm conclusions and he is planning to carry out further research.

However, he said parents had told him the probiotic bacteria was having a beneficial effect, resulting in "better concentration and better behaviour".

One parent said it was "heartbreaking" to have to stop their child taking it.

"It was really challenging for us and the parents. I'd really like to go back to it and do it in a better way, with perhaps more professional help from people who know how to deal with autistic children," said Prof Gibson.

"The trial ultimately failed because of the large number of drop-outs. About half the kids dropped out. Some of the parents worked out their child was on the test and didn't want to move on to the placebo."

Autistic children often suffer bowel conditions and Prof Gibson said a previous study had found high levels of a "bad" bacteria called clostridia in the gut.

The probiotic was then designed to reduce the levels of clostridia and promote "friendly" bacteria instead to see what effect this would have.

Prof Gibson, from Reading University, said the children appeared to show fewer signs of autism when taking the probiotic supplement, which was given in a powder once a day.

"Very subjectively, we asked the parents to fill in diaries about the mood of the children. We got very positive feedback generally," he said.

He said that certain kinds of clostridia produced neuro- toxins, which potentially could be the cause of autism or a contributory factor.

However, he said this was speculation and the apparent improvement could also simply be because the children had felt better.

"If your gut is not behaving yourself, you feel rough," Prof Gibson said.

The first bacteria in the gut is received from the mother during birth and then comes from the outside environment, with diet playing an important role.

"They [infants] may be under medication for an infection and that may have an effect," Prof Gibson said.

"There are all sorts of different factors that may affect that [the bacterial make-up of the gut]."

There was a scare over widely discredited claims that autism was linked to the MMR - measles, mumps and rubella - vaccine given to children.

Asked whether he thought childhood vaccines could have an effect, Prof Gibson said: "No. I don't think there is anything in this MMR business at all."

It is estimated that 535,000 people in the UK have some kind of autism, including a milder form called Asperger's Syndrome.

The condition affects four times as many boys as girls for reasons that are not clearly understood.

A spokeswoman for the National Autistic Society (NAS), the UK's leading charity for people with the condition and their families, said it followed new research into possible treatments with great interest.

She went on: "There is anecdotal evidence that certain vitamins and diets do have benefits for some people with autism. However, a great deal more research remains to be done in this area.

"The NAS looks forward to seeing the results of the further research that Professor Gibson hopes to conduct in the future."

She said that "rigorous scientific evaluation" was necessary to gauge the effects of any new treatment.

A whole range of therapies had been tried in the past, from medication and behavioural therapy to aromatherapy and swimming with dolphins, with varying degrees of success.



Comment on this Article


Money Matters


Feds: Expect more stock option cases

By Anne Broache
CNET News.com
September 6, 2006

WASHINGTON--Expect to see more legal action in the coming months against executives suspected of stock option mischief, federal officials told U.S. senators on Wednesday.

At a hearing here convened by the Senate Finance Committee, top officials from the Securities and Exchange Commission, Internal Revenue Service and Department of Justice's corporate fraud unit said they couldn't be sure how many of the companies suspected of "backdating" stock options for financial gain will face full-blown enforcement proceedings or new charges.
"Like other forms of corporate fraud, the Department of Justice takes stock option backdating seriously, and we will continue to use our best efforts to uncover criminal conduct where it occurs," said Deputy Attorney General Paul McNulty.
Stock option backdating

Some Bay Area companies have announced that they've been contacted by the U.S. Attorney's office in Northern California. Typically the contact comes in the form of a grand jury subpoena. They include:

Altera
Applied Micro Circuits
Asyst Technologies
CNET Networks
Equinix
Foundry Networks
Intuit
Linear Technology
Marvell Technology Group
Maxim Integrated Products
Openwave Systems
Power Integrations
Redback Networks
VeriSign
Zoran

Source: Wall Street Journal database

The IRS, too, "will follow up on every company and the relevant executives for each case where it is determined that abuses have occurred," said IRS Commissioner Mark Everson.

Currently, more than 100 companies, largely from the technology sector, are under investigation by the SEC for possible fraudulent reporting of stock option grants to their top executives, said Linda Thomsen, director of the SEC's enforcement division. So far, the Justice Department and the SEC have filed civil and criminal charges against former top executives from two technology companies: Brocade Communications Systems and Comverse Technology. Two former Brocade executives pleaded not guilty to those charges last week.

Stock option backdating refers to the practice of retroactively changing the date of a stock option grant to make it appear it was granted on a date when its value was lower, thereby multiplying the payoff when the options are exercised. While not necessarily illegal, the practice could run afoul of tax laws, securities regulations and fraud statutes if concealed from shareholders.

Senate committee leaders voiced disgust at the allegedly fraudulent practices and urged the enforcement officials to advise them if changes in the law are necessary.

"It is behavior that ignores the concept of an 'honest day's pay' and replaces it with a phrase that we hear all too often today, 'I'll get mine,'" said Sen. Chuck Grassley, the Iowa Republican who serves as committee chairman.

Montana Sen. Max Baucus, the committee's Democratic co-chairman, said the stock option scandal is indicative of a broader problem--overpaid executives. "It is high time that we tried to close the loopholes (in tax laws)," he said.

The senators indicated they were weighing a number of legislative options, including changes to--or even a repeal of--a section of the tax code that puts a $1 million cap on the amount of employee compensation that firms can deduct from their income taxes. The measure, enacted in 1993, had been intended to stave off "excessive" executive pay, "but it really hasn't worked," said Grassley, who said he voted against the bill containing that provision. "Companies have found ways to get around it, and frankly it has more holes in it than Swiss cheese."

The federal officials said they didn't see the need for additional congressional action right now. New SEC rules that go into effect next year, for instance, would require more detailed reports of executives' compensation and a broader discussion and analysis of a company's compensation practices, and are designed to foster increased transparency, Thomsen said.

"These issues cannot be reformed by Congress," said the IRS' Everson. "They're going to have to be reformed by American business."



Comment on this Article


U.S. Threatens to Revoke Trade Preferences from Left-Leaning South American Countries

Niko Kyriakou
OneWorld US
Tue Sep 5, 2006

LIMA, Peru - The Bush administration has announced it may revoke trade preferences from three large South American countries in a move some experts believe is designed to pressure them to consent to free trade agreements with the United States.

For over 30 years, trade preferences have enabled underdeveloped countries to export products to developed countries without paying tariffs or customs fees. The U.S. established its trade preferences program--called the General System of Preferences (GSP)--in 1976, and has renewed it eight times, most recently in 2002.

The three countries most likely to lose trading preferences with the United States--Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela--have said U.S. proposals to open a giant free trade zone among the countries of North and South America unfairly favor U.S. companies.
"As a strategy, the U.S. may not renew trade preferences... so as to pressure countries in the region to sign free trade agreements," said Romy Calderon, an economist at the non-profit Latin American Association of Development Financial Institutions (ALIDE), in Lima, Peru.

Preferences will be reviewed because the Bush administration has not had success promoting the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA), a program that would turn all of the Americas into a free trade zone, Calderon told OneWorld. "The U.S. sees this as an alternative way to advance the FTAA little by little," he said.

In mid-August, U.S. trade representative Susan Schwab announced the administration-mandated review of its trade preferences program. Schwab said the purpose of the review was to determine which countries needed preferences most.

Countries with upper-middle-income economies based on the
World Bank's classifications--which in Latin America include only Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela--would be less likely to get renewals than poorer countries, Schwab said.

Altogether, the 133 countries covered by the GSP exported $26.7 billion worth of goods to the U.S. market duty free in 2005, accounting for just over 1 percent of all goods and services imported by the United States. Existing preferences are set to expire January 1, 2007, unless Congress renews them first.

U.S. officials have cast the review as an effort to ensure tariff preferences don't go to rich countries while ignoring poor ones; but it also serves a more strategic function in Latin America, according to Ariela Ruiz Caro, a Peruvian economist and a regional trade analyst working with the International Relations Center (IRC), a non-profit social justice group based in New Mexico.

"The U.S. government's announcement that it will review the possibility of limiting, suspending, or withdrawing trade preferences under the General System of Preferences to three Latin American countries--Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela--is political pressure to make these nations participate in the model of regional integration proposed by the United States," said Caro.

If countries agree to one-on-one talks with the United States, they are likely to be forced to accept far less favorable trading conditions than if they negotiate as a group, Caro added.

The announcement to review trade preferences is also designed to punish developing countries that collectively rejected the FTAA proposal earlier this year, as well as those who stood against U.S. proposals at the presidential summit of the Americas held in Mar del Plata, Argentina in November 2005, Caro said in a recent paper on the IRC's Web site.

Latin American countries largely opposed the Bush administration's free trade agenda at that summit, according to the Washington, DC-based women's rights group MADRE, because "the U.S.-driven economic processes of the past two decades [has] worsened poverty, income inequality, displacement, and cultural and environmental destruction."

Free trade agreements threaten food security and public health, the group said, adding that they can often undermine democracy, increase militarization, and lock countries into supporting U.S. foreign policy like the war in Iraq.

At least one U.S. legislator has said countries that opposed U.S. proposals in recent World Trade Organization (WTO) talks, which were suspended in July, should not receive the GSP trading privileges in the future.

"Countries that don't want to give us access to their markets in the WTO negotiations, why should we continue to give them preferential treatment?" asked Senate Finance Committee Chairman Charles Grassley, an Iowa Republican, after the WTO negotiations collapsed.

Grassley's committee would have jurisdiction over any legislation to extend the GSP program.

Leaders like Venezuela's Hugo Chavez and Argentina's Nestor Kirchner, who have been pushing regional integration models like the South American trading block known as Mercosur, are also upset about the U.S. announcement that trade preferences may be revoked.

The potential suspension of U.S. trade preferences is "reminiscent of the old theories of the Roman Empire toward countries that didn't agree with its policies," Kirchner said in August, while Chavez has repeatedly warned other South American countries that signing deals with the U.S. would threaten regional ties.

At least partially, it appears the U.S. threat of removing trade preferences is accomplishing what economists like Caro and Calderon say the Bush administration wants.

Both Colombia and Panama have expressed eagerness to complete trade deals with the U.S. before preferences lapse, and Peru and Chile are optimistic their free trade agreements, which would also extend preferences, will be approved by U.S. lawmakers before December 31.

If larger countries like Brazil and Argentina sign bilateral deals with the United States, smaller nations in the region would likely be pushed into similar agreements, according to the IRC's Caro.

In Uruguay and Paraguay, trade negotiations with the U.S. are ongoing. Talks between the U.S. and Ecuador stopped, however, after the Ecuadorian government ended a contract with California-based Occidental Petroleum to operate an oil field.



Comment on this Article


Rising immigration tide fuels Spanish discontent

AFP
Wed Sep 6, 2006

MADRID - A new 24-hour record tally of 900 illegal migrants reached the Canary Islands, fuelling growing public discontent, as ministers met a visiting European Commissioner to discuss how to stem the immigrant tide.

Rescue authorities said they had intercepted nine boats off the Spanish archipelago on Tuesday and early Wednesday, after migrants benefited from favourable sea conditions to complete the long and perilous journey from the west coast of Africa.

In the early afternoon, two more vessels were headed for Tenerife carrying a total of 166 more immigrants and the civil guard also reported that a Spanish patrol boat had intercepted 110 migrants off Mauritania.

The latest arrivals brought the total to more than 22,000 so far this year, more than twice the previous annual record set in 2002 of 9,929 arrivals.
Last weekend saw a 48-hour record of almost 1,500 arrivals and opinion polls show the issue has now become the leading concern of Spanish voters as Madrid redoubled diplomatic efforts to win the support of EU partners to boost maritime surveillance of the west African coastline under the aegis of Frontex, the EU borders agency.

On Tuesday, the Spanish government said Spain, France and Italy will unveil a common strategy to rein in illegal immigration at an October 20 EU summit in Finland.

In the meantime First Deputy Prime Minister Maria Teresa Fernandez de la Vega and Foreign Minister Miguel Angel Moratinos met visiting European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid, Louis Michel.

No details of their discussions had emerged by Wednesday evening.

However, a foreign ministry source revealed separately that Spain had agreed to finance an information campaign in Senegal, from where many of the immigrants hail, to try to persuade them not to head for Europe in search of a new life away from their poverty-stricken homeland.

Spain last month obtained Senegal's agreement in principal to cooperate on trying to stem the flow of migrants and the source described the publicity offensive as a "joint initiative" between Dakar and Madrid, while telling AFP that the campaign was still in a preliminary phase.

De la Vega said last week that later this month Spain would host a meeting of foreign and interior ministers from the eight nations controlling Europe's southern borders to discuss the issue.

The head of the Canaries regional government, Adan Martin, Tuesday told an extraordinary session of the regional parliament that "the dam is about to burst."

With rescue services estimating that some 550 people may have died in unsuccessful attempts to reach the island chain, Martin criticised successive governments and EU lawmakers for their failure to resolve a problem which has overwhelmed the Canaries.

"How many more victims, how many pictures of exhausted bodies?" asked Martin.

De la Vega, who last week also criticised the slow progress towards an effective strategy to combat the rising tide of arrivals, insisted Monday that Spain was ready to get tough and send immigrants home.



Comment on this Article



Remember, we need your help to collect information on what is going on in your part of the world!
Send your article suggestions to: sott(at)signs-of-the-times.org