Earth ChangesS


Cloud Precipitation

Floods continue in Victoria and South Australia following record rainfall

Floods in Victoria, Australia, September 2016
© Victoria SESFloods in Victoria, Australia, September 2016
The floods affecting the Australian states of Victoria and South Australia have continued, leaving dozens of homes damaged and at least 1 person missing.

Flooding has been affecting areas of Victoria and South Australia since the start of the week. Further heavy rain in South Australia over the last 24 hours caused further flooding, damaging at least 80 homes and forcing over 70 families to evacuate.

Australia's Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) said that 14 September was the wettest September day on record for the Adelaide area. Earlier this wee BoM said that parts of Victoria had seen the wettest 3 day stretch in September for over 100 years.

In Victoria, the State Emergency Service (SES) has warned that, despite the easing of the torrential rain there, floodwaters continue to rise. One person is missing after his vehicle was swept away by floods in the south west of the state of Victoria.



Cloud Lightning

Record-breaking 200-mile lightning bolts reported

Oklahoma lightning
© Roger Coulam/Alamy Stock Photo
Most lightning bolts last just a few milliseconds and travel fewer than a dozen kilometers. But scientists have just announced new world records for distance and duration of single lightning flashes—and boy, are they surprising. Reviewing data gathered by networks of sensors that monitor the electromagnetic radiation triggered by lightning discharges (the bursts of static so familiar to those who listen to AM radio), the researchers were able to triangulate the positions where lightning bolts originated and the routes they traveled.

The distance champ (not pictured) leapt to life just south of Tulsa, Oklahoma, in the middle of a long line of midafternoon thunderstorms on 20 June 2007 and then shot westward nearly to the Texas border—a distance of 321 kilometers (almost 200 miles), the researchers report online today in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. In addition to its cloud-to-cloud travels, the discharge also sent at least 13 bolts down to the ground, the researchers note.

The longest duration single flash of lightning occurred over southern France in the early morning of 30 August 2012; it doubled back on itself and thus traveled a mere 160 kilometers, the researchers say, but it lasted a whopping 7.74 seconds.

Snowflake

Surprise snowstorm brings blizzard to Yellowstone National Park

Early snow at Yellowstone
© ching.1002 via Instagram
Christmas has come early at Yellowstone National Park after a surprise snowstorm granted visitors an unexpected opportunity to capture stunning photos of the blanketed national park.

Four to eight inches of snow were forecast to fall up until late Monday night with further snowfall also expected early Tuesday as temperatures dropped to 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius).

A recent study carried out by the Yellowstone Center for Resources noted that the annual amount of snowfall and number of days of snow cover at the park were declining significantly.
This is not the first time, however, the park has been hit by a freak snowstorm. In 2014 snow came even earlier to the region, sweeping across the park at the end of August.

September temperatures in Yellowstone - which extends into Wyoming, Idaho and Montana - usually range between 37 degrees Fahrenheit and 68 degrees Fahrenheit while the average total snowfall for the month is half an inch.

The unexpected wintry blast hasn't deterred snap-happy enthusiasts who braved the conditions to capture some spectacular photos of America's first national park. The unexpected wintry blast hasn't deterred snap-happy enthusiasts who braved the conditions to capture some spectacular photos of America's first national park.


Attention

Mercury contamination widespread across western North America in air, soil, plants, and wildlife

mercury pollution forests
© Kelly J. JamesDensely forested areas, such as those found along the Oregon Coastal Range, collect substantial amounts of mercury because they receive high amounts of precipitation.
Mercury contamination is widespread, at various levels across western North America in air, soil, sediment, plants, fish and wildlife.

An international team of scientists led by the U.S. Geological Survey, recently documented widespread mercury contamination in air, soil, sediment, plants, fish, and wildlife at various levels across western North America. They evaluated potential risk from mercury to human, fish, and wildlife health, and examined resource management activities that influence this risk.

"Mercury is widespread in the environment, and under certain conditions poses a substantial threat to environmental health and natural resource conservation," said Collin Eagles-Smith, USGS ecologist and team lead. "We gathered decades of mercury data and research from across the West to examine patterns of mercury and methylmercury in numerous components of the western landscape. This effort takes an integrated look at where mercury occurs in western North America, how it moves through the environment, and the processes that influence its movement and transfer to aquatic food chains."

More than 80 percent of fish consumption advisories posted in the United States and Canada are wholly or partially because of mercury. Fish consumption provides many health benefits to people, but the presence of mercury at high concentrations in fish can reduce some of those benefits. Balancing the protection of human health from mercury while also communicating health benefits associated with fish consumption requires detailed information about the distribution of mercury among fish species and across various aquatic systems.

Attention

Dead humpback whale found on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts

A 25-to-30 foot humpback whale was found dead on a private beach in Edgartown sometime Monday.
© Tom BoudreauA 25-to-30 foot humpback whale was found dead on a private beach in Edgartown sometime Monday.
Researchers took a trip to Martha's Vineyard Wednesday following a report of a dead humpback whale that apparently washed ashore earlier in the week.

Jennifer Goebel, a spokeswoman with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries, said members of the International Fund for Animal Welfare went to a private property in Edgartown where a 25-to-30-foot humpback whale was found dead sometime Monday.

"Depending on the whale's condition, they will conduct a partial or full necropsy," she said in a telephone interview.

Goebel did not know how the whale died, its age, or whether the animal was a male or female.

Arrow Down

Large sinkhole opens near local business in Pacific, Missouri

Missouri sinkhole
© Missourian
A giant sinkhole opened a few feet from West Osage Street at Integram Drive Sept. 9. Public Works Commissioner Bob Brueggemann said he was called at 8 a.m. about the sinkhole. When he arrived, the ground had already collapsed, exposing a great gap of moist earth.

"I called Roy (Hinkle, street department supervisor) and told him to get as much orange safety fence as they could find," Brueggemann said. "We had to get it fenced so curious people wouldn't walk too close to the edge."

The hole, which spans 50 by 70 feet and is 23 feet deep, opened up on the property of Clayton Corporation, beneath a city of Pacific storm sewer manhole. "It appears to be a storm sewer issue, but we don't know for sure," Brueggemann said. "We're still investigating."

If there is a break in the storm sewer line, water could have been collecting underground for some time before the collapse, he said.

The manhole adjacent to the sinkhole connects to a 15- by 15-foot concrete box culvert beneath West Osage where 110 gallons of water per second was flowing into the sinkhole. "The water is flowing and the ground is still moving," City Engineer Dan Rahn said. "It could get bigger."

Windsock

2 dead after powerful typhoon Meranti sweeps through China, Taiwan

Meranti hits Xiamen
© Chinatopix via APA man wearing a red helmet, left, climbs on the wreckage of a destroyed structure after a typhoon in Xiamen in southeastern China's Fujian province Thursday, Sept. 15, 2016.
A powerful typhoon swept into southeastern China on Thursday after hitting Taiwan, leaving a total of two dead and dozens injured.

Weather officials in both China and Taiwan said Meranti was the strongest storm of its kind this year. Chinese state media reported one death and one person missing, as high winds and rain shattered windows on tall buildings, knocked down trees and disrupted water supplies in China's Fujian province, causing a widespread blackout in the coastal city of Xiamen.

In Taiwan, the Central News Agency reported one person was killed and 44 were injured on the island by the storm. It said Meranti knocked out power in almost 1 million homes and water in more than 700,000.

More than 140 trains heading into southeastern China were canceled. An 800-year-old bridge in Fujian province was one casualty of the storm; state media released video of a rapidly flowing river pushing against the bridge until it fell in.


Comment: Super Typhoon Meranti: World's strongest cyclone this year batters Taiwan en route to China


Attention

Magnitude 5.4 earthquake hits near active Volcano in Nicaragua

Momotombo volcano
© ReutersNicaragua's landmark Momotombo volcano erupted for the first time in 110 years back in December, 2015.
The National Preventive System for Disasters, or SINAPRED, have activated operatives in the affected areas including the capital city of Managua.

An earthquake measuring at least 5.4 on the Richter scale struck 7-and-a half miles from the municipality of Laz Paz Centro and in close proximity to the active Volcano Momotombo in Nicaragua late Wednesday, sparking major aftershocks, and fear, but no reported casualties.

The earthquake struck at 11:57 PM local time, and an initial aftershock measuring 4.4. After the initial aftershock, the National Preventive System for Disasters, or SINAPRED, report that another 10 had followed.

Even more are expected, according to SINAPRED authorities, who have also confirmed the earthquake is connected to the 6.1. and 7.3 earthquakes that hit Nicaragua in April and October 2014, respectively.

According to Dr. Armando Saballos, authorities are assessing the situation and monitoring the activity of Momotombo, which so far has given "no indication that the volcano has increased in activity." Various news agencies reported the Wednesday earthquake measured anywhere from 5.4 to 5.9 in magnitude. The maximum ever recorded on the Richter scale was 9.5 by a 1960 Chilean earthquake.

Attention

Bear attacks hunter in Teton County, Wyoming

bear print
A bow hunter was attacked by a bear Tuesday in Teton County.

Sheriff's officials say the bear attacked the man from behind in the Skull Creek area northeast of Jackson. The man suffered bites to his arm and a scalp injury.

Another hunter took the victim to a waiting ambulance in Jackson. The man's condition wasn't immediately available.

Sheriff's Lt. Slade Ross said the victim was alert and breathing.

Wyoming Game and Fish Department spokesman Mark Gocke said investigators are on the scene looking for tracks and other evidence. It was not immediately known if the bear was a black bear or a grizzly.

Tornado2

Extreme weather hits UK; intense thunderstorm, flash flooding, 'tornado' reported in Sheffield

Yorkshire sheet lightning
Nicola Lees stopped at the side of the road in Beckwithshaw, outside of Harrogate, Yorkshire, England to take this picture of sheet lightning.

Flash floods also strike Manchester supermarket and city centre


Residents reported a "tornado" touching down in Sheffield last night amid a night of extreme weather across the UK.

Conditions varied hugely across the country, with a high of 34.4C in Gravesend making Tuesday the hottest the day of 2016, and hottest September day since 1911.

During the evening, a number of Sheffield's residents filmed what appeared to be a tornado unfurling on the outskirts of the city.

Extreme weather was experienced across the country. Manchester City's Champions League tie with Borussia Monchengladbach was cancelled due to the heavy downpour.

In addition to the Etihad Stadium, an Asda supermarket in Greater Manchester had to be closed after torrential rain caused a flash flood in the shopping aisles.

People were also forced to wade through knee-deep water in the centre of Manchester. Residents awoke to sink holes in Manchester's streets.