Science of the SpiritS


Books

Bookworms rejoice: Research shows reading may make you happier

reading
"Oh for a book and a shady nook..." - John Wilson.
In a dark room, late at night, a little light can be found... Much to my fiancé's dismay, it's my little reading light illuminating my latest "can't-put-it-down" literary obsession. Life can be pretty trying at times between challenges, obstacles, and not enough hours in the day. Complaining is easy, but in most cases you're just preaching to the choir.

So perhaps it's time to curb the complaints and find a way to unwind and "escape." Having a diversion from the day to day, whether it's a break from the same old routine—or never-ending chaos—is necessary. While on some days I certainly wish that I could escape to a tropical island with my dog, you've got to be realistic. My go-to escape? Pages. Pages upon pages of words that can transport me to any location, straight from the comfort of my couch, office break room, beach chair, or inexplicably uncomfortable plane seat.

Comment: Reading slowly can benefit your brain and reduce stress


Butterfly

Hope: A distinctly human emotion that restores the soul

Hope, Hoffnung,Schlüssel,Heilung
Whether you're contemplating a future where you achieve all your goals, solid A's on your report card, a big raise at work or an affirmative answer to the request for a date, the common thread is hope. Animals don't hope, people do. So this is a distinctly human emotion that nonetheless is somewhat ambiguous. These 10 thoughts may shed some light.

Hope is:

Sunshine on a cloudy day

When everything looks dismal and the solutions to problems nonexistent, hope has the ability to snake through the darkness and cast a warm, healing light. The fact that it can arrive so unexpectedly makes it all the sweeter. Once you experience hope, there's no mistaking the profoundness of the emotion. Unlike sunshine, however, hope can stick around. Hope will still be there even when the going gets tough.

Family

Younger generation is increasingly lonely and lacks social integration

loneliness, social media
© AlamyOnly connect … using social media can be a boon when it encourages face-to-face contact, but can also lead to isolation.
In an increasingly globalised economy and culturally diverse country, a new report from King's College London and NCS reveals a 'concerning' lack of social integration and level of loneliness amongst the next generation of young people, which could be harmful to the UK's economy and wellbeing in the future.

Authored by Dr Jennifer Lau, a researcher specialising in the psychology of adolescent mental health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, and NCS, the report explores why 'social intelligence', defined as the ability to apply our understanding of people's emotions to decide the appropriate form of interaction with others, will become increasingly important to future generations. The report draws on previous studies and new research amongst employers, adults and young people that identifies how the current generation of young people may require additional support.

It also discusses measures of social intelligence in light of an increasingly diverse, technology-reliant and connected country. Despite criticisms that social media could negatively impact on young people's social skills, the report found that increased online interaction does not damage teenagers' social intelligence levels. The findings showed a small relationship in the opposite direction: teenagers with better ability to form friendships reported more online usage thus suggesting that online usage could support the development of their social skills.

Comment:
The pain of modern life: Loneliness and isolation

Loneliness, particularly in developed countries, has been growing year on year. The suffocating condition of loneliness is the consequence of feeling isolated, disconnected, and adrift, not of being alone. It is related to loss - of a loved one, of a childhood, of an undefined relationship with oneself. It is extremely painful, erodes trust, and can cause lonely people to "feel others around them are threats rather than sources of cooperation and compassion."

Materialistic values characterise the present, all pervasive socio-economic model; governments of all political persuasions are the docile servants of the system, the partners of the corporations who run it. Together they form the contemporary elite. A contented, united and happy populace is the last thing they want. Social unity and human compassion are the enemies of the elite and an unjust system, which promotes values of greed and indifference.

If humanity is to progress towards a new and peaceful way of living, such values, which creating the conditions in which loneliness is almost inevitable, need to give way to other more positive ideals. Cooperation instead of competition, for example, will cultivate tolerance and understanding where suspicion and selfishness prevail, allowing communities to come together, strengthening unity - a primary need of our troubled times.



Hearts

Letting children play may protect against mental health issues

Childhood play
When my dad was growing up he had one sweater each winter. One. Total.

He remembers how vigilantly he cared for his sweater. If the elbows got holes in them my grandma patched them back together. If he lost his sweater he'd recount his steps to find it again. He guarded it like the precious gift it was.

He had everything he needed and not a lot more. The only rule was to be home by dinner time. My grandma rarely knew exactly where her kids were.

They were off building forts, making bows and arrows, collecting bruises and bloody knees and having the time of their lives. They were immersed in childhood.

Comment: See also: Why adults have to stop trying so darn hard to control how children play
  • Reconnecting children with the outside world
  • Toddlers to Tweens: Relearning How to Play



Question

What does it mean to be truly vulnerable?

hugs
This question has been on my mind a lot lately. Being vulnerable means letting your guard down, and it means risk. By completely exposing yourself and expressing your thoughts and feelings, you risk being hurt, you risk being rejected, and you risk being seen. Understandably, many people find being vulnerable challenging and frightening, particularly men, at least in my experience. They often have a more difficult time showing or expressing emotion, having been told by society, their parents, or their friends that it's not 'manly' to do so. It's not uncommon for men to feel weak or effeminate when expressing emotion, so often they lock it all away and bear the burden of holding on to so much. But there is such power in being able to be absolutely vulnerable with someone, and deep connections are made in this way.

Comment: Additional lectures by Dr. Brene Brown: The power of vulnerability


Heart

4 crucial steps to silencing toxic self-talk

anger
If you are like most people, you know your inner critic all too well. It is the voice in your head that judges you, doubts you, belittles you, and constantly tells you that you are never good enough. It says negative hurtful things to you—things that you would never even dream of saying to anyone else. I am such a dumb a$$, I am a complete idiot, I am such a phony, I never do anything right, I will never succeed.

Like it or not, everything you say to yourself matters. The inner critic isn't harmless. It inhibits you, limits you, and stops you from pursuing the life that you truly want to live. It robs you of your peace of mind and emotional well-being, and if left unchecked for long enough, it can even lead to serious mental health problems like depression or anxiety.

The inner critic can have multiple purposes that on the surface might seem useful; it can make you feel like you are trying to do right in someway by wanting to be better or to achieve more. However, using self-criticism for these reasons, instead of positive self-talk, is the same as choosing punishment over a reward. While punishment can deter certain behaviors in the short-term, rewards are generally better for shaping new and lasting behavior. When you punish someone for what they do wrong that doesn't teach them how to do it right. Imagine a small child learning to walk—if you scream at him and call him a little dummy every time he falls down, you can imagine that would have a negative impact on the child. It would certainly have a very different effect then if you smile and encourage the child each time he took a step toward you. When your inner critic consistently labels you in a negative way it has a demoralizing effect and shapes your larger self-concept about who you are and what you can do.

Comment: Further reading:
Children are predisposed to believe they are inadequate because they actually are. Children can't do things that adults can do. They do spill the milk. They can't tie their shoes. They mess up when they try to do things.

As adults, we know that such inadequacy is normal. Children aren't expected to be able to do things because they are children. We understand that they have to learn. Unfortunately, children don't have that perspective. They often see their inability to do things as evidence of their inadequacy.

Good parents encourage their children when they mess up. They help the child understand that they have to learn to do new things, and that making mistakes is a normal part of learning. All parents criticize their children at times, and no parent is immune to the frustrations of raising children. But what about the parent who is overly critical? What about the parent who displays his frustration or disapproval whenever the child makes any mistake? Such parental behavior simply reinforces the child's feelings of inadequacy. The internal critic is born.

Learning to silence critical self-talk



Better Earth

Learning to live a sustainable life in a "material" world

Eye opening lesson
A few months ago, I went through the worst experience of my life: my father passed away. It was a cancer which took him, and a small part of myself as well. As I reflect on the time proceeding his death, there were so many hard parts. One of the hardest was not being able to mourn in peace.

Nope, in our society you can't just mourn a person's loss - you need to work. Not just at your job, but on piles of paperwork, people to notify, and arrangements to be made. Finally, when I thought all of the hard work was over, I had to empty out my father's apartment.

Little did I know that this would be the bitterest labor yet.

Comment: "We shop because we're bored, anxious, depressed or angry, and we make the mistake of buying material goods and thinking they are treats which will fill the hole, soothe the wound, make us feel better. The problem is, they're not treats, they're responsibilities and what we own very quickly begins to own us."

See also: The vicious cycle of addictive buying has consumed the average American's life


Footprints

What makes dancing so special?

dancing
We all love dancing, even those of us with two left feet. What makes dancing so special?

It is thrilling.

Our brain loves anticipation, probably even more than the actual rewards themselves. The pleasure that we derive from music is chiefly related to the intermingling of anticipation and surprise - you start listening to a tune, find a repeating pattern in it and then start anticipating the pattern. This anticipation is thrilling and so is the moment when anticipation and reality meet. However, too much predictability can start to get boring, so musicians throw in little elements of surprise - when the brain is anticipating something but gets something else, perhaps even better than what it was anticipating. These little surprises are pleasant for the brain too.

Comment: Get on up and dance! See more in the following articles:


Ice Cube

Feeling cold? Try meditating

monks
Tibetan nuns are able to use meditation techniques to increase their core body temperature.
Meditating can make you warmer, researchers studying ancient Tibetan techniques have found.

Scientists in Singapore say the discovery means core body temperature can be controlled by the brain - and could have major implications for people working in extreme environments.

The researchers have discovered that core body temperature can be increased by using certain meditation techniques.

They believe that meditation could, therefore, also be used to help people to function in very cold environments.

Sherlock

Simple games can develop situational awareness

car accident

STOP: BEFORE YOU READ ON, STUDY THE PICTURE ABOVE FOR 60 SECONDS.


THEN, SCROLL DOWN AND SEE IF YOU CAN ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
  • How many people total were involved in this accident?
  • How many males and how many females?
  • What color were the two cars?
  • What objects were lying on the ground?
  • What injury did the man on the ground seem to be suffering from?
  • What was the license plate number of one of the cars?
How did you do on this little test? Not as well as you would have liked? Perhaps it's time you strengthened your powers of observation and heightened your situational awareness.

Enhancing one's observational abilities has numerous benefits: it helps you live more fully in the present, notice interesting and delightful phenomena you would have otherwise missed, seize opportunities that disappear as quickly as they arrive, and keep you and your loved ones safe.

Today we're going to offer some games, tests, and exercises that will primarily center on that latter advantage: having the kind of situational awareness that can help you prevent and handle potentially dangerous and critical situations. But the benefits of practicing them will certainly carry over into all other aspects of your life as well.

Ready to start heightening your senses and building your powers of observation? Read on.

Comment: For more about Situational Awareness: