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Iceman's Stomach Sampled - Filled With Goat Meat

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© Vienna Report Agency/Sygma/CorbisThe 5,000-year-old mummy known as the Iceman was found in the Italian Alps in 1991.
Missing until 2009, mummy's stomach found to contain lumps of last meal.

Hours before he died, "Ötzi" the Iceman gorged on the fatty meat of a wild goat, according to a new analysis of the famous mummy's stomach contents.

The frozen body of the Copper Age hunter was discovered in 1991 in the Alps of northern Italy, where he died some 5,000 years ago.

The circumstances surrounding Ötzi's death are not fully known, but the most popular theory - based in part on the discovery of an arrowhead in his back - is that he was murdered by other hunters while fleeing through the mountains.

Scientists previously analyzed the contents of Ötzi's lower intestine and determined that he ate a meal of grains along with possibly cooked red deer and goat meat up to 30 hours before his death.

But attempts using an endoscopic tool to sample Ötzi's stomach were unsuccessful.

The reason for the failure became clear in 2009, when scientists studying CAT scans of Ötzi discovered that the Iceman's stomach had shifted upward after death, to where the lower part of his lungs would normally be.

"Why it moved upward, we don't know," said Frank Maixner, a microbiologist at the Institute for Mummies and the Iceman in Bolzano, Italy, who was involved in the new investigation.

Sun

We Could Be Due for a Massive Solar Storm in 2011

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© NASAA solar flare in 2002.
The last time the sun erupted into a massive solar storm, the year was 1859. Northern Lights appeared over Cuba and Hawaii, and electrical currents from the blast set telegraph offices on fire.

But that was then. Scientists and government officials are worried a modern-day solar storm of the same proportion could wreak havoc on Earth, crippling communications and paralyzing power grids.

Massive solar storms, resulting in huge coronal mass ejections, usually happen just before the sun goes through a quiet phase. NASA officials announced earlier this week that we're poised to enter a below-average solar cycle soon, giving weight to concerns about how Earth would weather a solar storm like the one that happened in 1859.

"A similar storm today might knock us for a loop," said NASA physicist Lika Guhathakurta in a prepared statement. "Modern society depends on high-tech systems such as smart power grids, GPS, and satellite communications - all of which are vulnerable to solar storms."

Sun

Scientists See Sunspot Hibernation But No Ice Age

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© Reuters/NASAAn image of the sun taken by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft on June 15, 2011.
Washington - Sunspot cycles -- those 11-year patterns when dark dots appear on the solar surface -- may be delayed or even go into "hibernation" for a while, a U.S. scientist said on Wednesday.

But contrary to some media reports, this does not mean a new Ice Age is coming, Frank Hill of the National Solar Observatory said in a telephone interview.

"We have not predicted a Little Ice Age," Hill said, speaking from an astronomical meeting in New Mexico. "We have predicted something going on with the Sun."

The appearance of sunspots helps predict solar storms that can interfere with satellite communications and power grids.

Hill and other scientists cited a missing jet stream, fading spots and slower activity near the Sun's poles as signs that our nearest star is heading into a rest period.

"This is highly unusual and unexpected," he said in a statement released on Tuesday. "But the fact that three completely different views of the Sun point in the same direction is a powerful indicator that the sunspot cycle may be going into hibernation."

Laptop

Nano-materials could recharge phones from keyboard taps

Next, could tyre-kickers recharge 'leccy cars?

The pop-science vision of clothing that generates electrical culture has moved a step closer. Research at RMIT University and the Australian National University on thin-film piezo-electrics could help open the door to materials that recharge small devices like mobile phones from someone using the keyboard.

The study, published in Advanced Functional Materials, is an important practical step in efficient manufacturing of thin-film peizo-electrical devices.

War Whore

Fridge-sized war raygun for US bombers gets $40m

Pew pew pew pew pew pew WARNING OVERHEAT WARNING Aw jeez

A long-running US military project aimed at producing a "refrigerator sized" laser raygun capable of being mounted on US combat aircraft has received further funding of just under $40m.

planes
© The RegisterThe raygun bomber force knew how to handle the surprisingly aggressive and heavily armed tree people

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Mercury's Origins May Differ from Sister Planets

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© Reuters/NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington/Handout Mercury's horizon is seen from orbit by NASA's Messenger probe, in this image released March 30, 2011.
Mercury's origins may be very different from its sister planets, including Earth, based on early findings that show surprisingly rich deposits of sulfur on the ground, scientists said on Thursday.

Early findings from the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury is forcing scientists to rethink how the planet closest to the sun formed and what has happened to it over the past 4 billion years.

NASA's Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging spacecraft -- nicknamed Messenger -- is three months into a planned year-long mission. It has also uncovered evidence of a lopsided magnetic field and regular bursts of electrons jetting through the magnetosphere.

"It's almost a new planet because we've never had this kind of observatory before," said lead researcher Sean Solomon of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, D.C.

Volcanoes appear to have played a rather large role in shaping Mercury, providing fresh material to fill its cratered face, but also possibly providing an unexpected supply of sulfur to the surface, a finding that suggests Mercury may have had different building blocks than Venus, Earth and Mars.

Telescope

What's Up: Conjunctions are everywhere

astronomy
© unknown
Boy, do we have the goodies for you this week. Several multi-object conjunctions, all for your viewing pleasure.

The first are morning events. As you all know, I am not a morning astronomer. However, there are occasions where I make an exception, this is one of them.

First, on Sunday morning, June 26, be outside and find a clear, uncluttered view to the east between 4:45 and 4:30 a.m. MDT.

High to the right is bright Jupiter, the largest of all the planets and just to its left is a very slender crescent moon.

They will be close enough to be in the same binocular field of view.

The next morning, Monday, June 27, an even thinner crescent will move down and left and stand between Jupiter and the tiny star cluster, The Pleiades, or M45, an awesome sight in binoculars.

Moving on to Tuesday, June 28, the moon will be between the Pleiades and the dim planet Mars (look just below the moon).

If you draw a line from Pleiades through the moon, past Mars and on down you will find bright Aldebaran, the eye of Taurus, the Bull.

Saturn

Astronomical!

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© unknown
An international team of astronomers recently presented compelling evidence that our galaxy is teeming with lonely Jupiter-sized planets adrift between stars. Alone in the void, unattached to any parent sun, these cosmic orphans appear to fill the heavens in vast numbers. Extrapolating from what they observed, Takahiro Sumi, an astrophysicist at Osaka University, and his colleagues reported in the journal Nature that there could be as many as 400 billion of these lonely wanderers in our Milky Way galaxy alone.

Needless to say, the observation opened a whole new field for cosmic inquiry, and added force to the question that has intrigued scientists, philosophers, poets, religious believers, science-fiction devotees and every child who has ever gazed upward on a clear, moonless night: Are we alone?

As if on cue, NASA then announced that its Kepler spacecraft, two years into a three-and-a-half year mission to find Earth-size planets around nearby stars, had found a totally unexpected profusion of candidates. Of the 1,235 suspected planets spotted so far, moreover, about a third were in multiplanet solar systems like ours. Judging from these discoveries, it would appear that planets out there are as numerous as grains of sand. Twenty-five years ago, when I was a student in high school, only nine planets were known, all in our solar system. We learned their names and sequence from the sun, from the fleet-footed Mercury to icy Pluto. We learned of the runaway greenhouse effect that had stoked Venus to blistering temperatures and read about the giant storm that is Jupiter's red spot, and we gazed at pictures of the rings of Saturn that the Voyager spacecraft had sent back.

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Do the Largest Structures in the Universe Contradict Current Theory?

Coma Cluster
© David Martinez-Delgado, Antonio Marin-Franch and Antonio AparicioThe central region of the Coma cluster of galaxies. The photo was obtained using the Wide Field Camera at the INT telescope in the Observatorio Astrofísico del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma (Spain).
"Just as a fish may be barely aware of the medium in which it lives and swims, so the microstructure of empty space could be far too complex for unaided human brains."

Sir Martin Rees, Astronomer Royal, physicist, Cambridge University
Our known Hubble length universe contains hundreds of millions of galaxies that have clumped together, forming super clusters and a series of massive walls of galaxies separated by vast voids of empty space.

Great Wall: The most vast structure ever is a collection of superclusters a billion light years away extending for 5% the length of the entire observable universe. It is theorized that such structures as the Great Wall form along and follow web-like strings of dark matter that dictates the structure of the Universe on the grandest of scales. Dark matter gravitationally attracts baryonic matter, and it is this normal matter that astronomers see forming long, thin walls of super-galactic clusters.

If it took God one week to make the Earth, going by mass it would take him two quintillion years to build this thing -- far longer than science says the universe has existed, and it's kind of fun to have those two the other way around for a change. Though He could always omnipotently cheat and say "Let there be a Sloan Great Wall."

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Cool News: Dinos May Have Been Warm-Blooded

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© Illustrated by Russell Hawley, Tate Geological MuseumThis is a Jurassic sauropod.

The long-necked, lumbering Brachiosaurus that wandered the Earth150 million years ago ran a body temperature cooler than scientists had thought. The beasts most likely had special cooling mechanisms or behaviors to keep their temperatures down, a new study suggests.

These plant-eating dinosaurs, called sauropods - the largest animals ever to walk the Earth - probably had temperatures more like humans today, from around 96 degrees Fahrenheit to 100.8 F (roughly 35 to 38 degrees Celsius).

"Birds evolved from dinosaurs. We know modern birds are warm-blooded but we don't know at what point that evolved," said study researcher Rob Eagle of Caltech University. "This was the first quantitative measure of the body temperature of a dinosaur." (Warm-blooded mammals try to maintain their bodies at a constant temperature, whereas cold-blooded creatures take on the temperature of their surroundings.)