In the secret language of corruption in India, an official expecting a bribe will ask for Mahatma Gandhi to "smile" at him. The revered leader of the independence movement is on all denominations of rupee notes.

With rampant dishonesty ingrained in the bureaucratic culture, an anticorruption group has decided to interpret the euphemism literally by issuing a zero-rupee note.

A direct copy of the 50-rupee note, including Gandhi's portrait, it is designed to be handed out to officials who demand backhanders.

In the place of the usual promise of redemption by the central bank governor, the new pledge is: "I promise to neither accept nor give bribe."

5th Pillar, the organisation behind the initiative, says that the note will allow ordinary Indians to make a statement against corruption without provoking a confrontation with people in authority.

It has printed 25,000 notes and is distributing them in the southern city of Chennai as part of a wider mission to stamp out corruption "at all levels of society".

Vijay Anand, the president of 5th Pillar, said: "People have already started using them and it is working. One autorick-shaw driver was pulled over by a policeman in the middle of the night who said he could go if he was 'taken care of'. The driver gave him the note instead. The policeman was shocked but smiled and let him go. The purpose of this is to instil confidence in people to say no to bribery. It is just a representation."

The group says that it has checked its legal position carefully and is not deemed to be printing counterfeit money because the official design is on only one side. The other side carries its mission statement.

G. Ramakrishnan, information commissioner of Tamil Nadu, described the note as "a symbol to express refusal to grease the palms of officials".

Corruption is part of the daily routine in India. Whether an individual needs to get a phone line, renew a passport or dodge a speeding ticket, the process normally involves a bribe. Most officials get away with it because of a general lack of awareness about citizens' rights.

In 2005 the Right to Information Act was passed as a way of holding government departments, agencies and officials accountable. Citing the law, anyone can access government records within 30 days of their request. Yet the majority of the population have no idea how to use it in their everyday lives nor do they have access to the legal resources.

Last month 5th Pillar, which has 1,200 members and 6,000 online subscribers worldwide, opened drop-in centres staffed by volunteers able to help people to leverage the Act by drafting petitions and delivering them to the relevant government department.

"We want to empower people to fight for their rights," Mr Anand said. "One lady had been waiting a year for her land title and was told she would only receive it if she paid a 7,500-rupee 'fee'. She went back to the office with one of our volunteers and got the document in 30 minutes without paying anything."


Hard graft

- India regularly joins China and Russia at the top of the global bribery index

- Ordinary people pay bribes worth £2.5 billion a year for public services

- Bihar is the most corrupt state, Kerala the least

- Civil servants are poorly paid and open to temptation. Police are the most corrupt, followed by lower courts and land administration

- Traffic police pay to be posted at junctions that are fertile ground for kickbacks

- Every bag of cement that goes into Indian roads has involved a bribe